National conservation strategies: Choosing between competing demands for limited natural resources

1985 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Halle
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Competing Demands

scholarly journals Uses and traditional knowledge of Dendropogonella rufescens (Bryophyta: Cryphaeaceae) in a Zapotec community of southeastern Mexico

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrique Hernandez-Rodríguez ◽  
Jesús López-Santiago
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Traditional Knowledge ◽  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
San Juan ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Ecological Information ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Plant Harvesting

Background: Uses and traditional knowledge (TK) are essential for the protection and management of natural resources. There are extensive records of traditional uses involving mainly vascular plants, while for mosses are scarce. This study documents the TK and uses of Dendropogonella rufescens in San Juan Luvina, Oaxaca, Mexico. Questions: For what purpose and how D. rufescens is used in San Juan Luvina? Can TK provide ecological information for this species? How is TK maintained among the members of the community? Studied species: Dendropogonella rufescens (Schimp.) Britt. (Bryophyta). Study site and dates: San Juan Luvina, Oaxaca, Mexico. March 2020. Methods: We conducted interviews with inhabitants from three age categories (15-41, 42-68, and 69-95 years). Interviews included questions about the length of time the community has used the plant, harvesting practices, traditional use per se, and plant recycling after traditional use. Results: Results include historical information about the use of the plant and TK grouped in seven categories (ceremonial, construction, craft, environmental, fuel, medicinal, and ornamental). These results include new reports of TK of bryophytes in Mexico. Conclusions: For the uses and TK reported, D. rufescens is essential for the cultural identity of the community of San Juan Luvina. D. rufescens TK could use to develop conservation strategies for bryophytes. As our findings suggest, TK and uses of bryophytes should be recorded because they are likely to disappear.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Conservation Costs and Benefits of Developing Conservation Strategies

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
pp. 493-499
Author(s):  
Olanipekun N. O
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Financial Investment ◽  
Critical Elements ◽  
Wildlife Species ◽  
Conservation Costs

Due to environmental degradation, depletion and overexploitation of natural resources caused by human activities resulted in development of strategies for conservation of species, habitats and resource. Hence, this paper thus examines the advantages of financial investment and critical elements associated with creating strategies for the conservation of various species. Interdependent to one another are fish, wildlife species, natural habitats as well as natural resources. It rightly observed that the most efficient environmental benefits will be gained through understanding of economic aspects of the costs side of biodiversity which will lead to novel and creative ways. The paper, therefore, concludes that it is better to recognize and incorporate costs at the outset of the planning process, rather than belatedly incur the higher costs of a less efficient plan.

scholarly journals Exploring Park–People Conflicts in Colombia through a Social Lens

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kobe De Pourcq ◽  
Evert Thomas ◽  
Marlene Elias ◽  
Patrick Van Damme
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Conflict Prevention ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Productive Activities ◽  
Nation States

SummaryNatural resource-related conflicts between local communities and nation states can be extremely destructive. Worldwide, interest is growing in gaining a better understanding of why and how these conflicts originate, particularly in protected areas inhabited by local communities. The literature on local attitudes towards and perceptions of park conservation and park–people conflicts is quite extensive. Studies have examined the socioeconomic and geographical determinants of attitudes to protected areas. However, the role of such determinants in the experience of park–people conflicts has received considerably less attention. Drawing on 601 interviews with people living in or near 15 Colombian national protected areas (NPAs), we examine the socioeconomic and geographical variables that are most influential in people’s experience of conflict related to restricted access to natural resources. We find that the experience of this type of conflict is largely explained by the NPA where a person resides, pursuit of productive activities within the NPA, previous employment in NPA administration, gender and ethnicity. We recommend implementing socially inclusive conservation strategies for conflict prevention and resolution in Colombia’s NPAs, whereby both women and men from different ethnic groups are engaged in design and implementation.

Environmental Conservation and Cultural Action

2002 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Kreps
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Cultural Preservation ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Cultural Resources ◽  
Local Systems ◽  
Cultural Variables ◽  
Ecological Protection ◽  
Conservation Of Natural Resources

Now that conservation models which segregate nature from people (or nature from culture) are no longer seen as viable, we are witnessing the emergence of new approaches that acknowledge the crucial role culture plays in conservation efforts. We now know that environmental conservation is, in many cases, not only contingent on the conservation of natural resources, but also the conservation of cultural resources. Respectively, conservation strategies are increasingly being linked to issues of cultural preservation and survival. This latter goal, however, requires a broader view of the role of culture than is often taken in conservation efforts as well as the kinds of resources that can be used for these purposes. When cultural variables are taken into consideration they are often reduced to a discreet set of resources, such as indigenous knowledge and local systems of ecological protection that can be integrated into projects. But culture needs to be seen as foundational to conservation rather than just an added dimension or resource. Since culture, in all its varied forms, contributes to the construction of what people value and take concern in, it also determines, to a certain degree, how and where people will direct their energy. Therefore, we need to develop approaches that acknowledge and build on the dynamics of culture, and activities that can serve as a motivating and sustaining force in a community.

scholarly journals Helping to heal nature and ourselves through human-rights-based and gender-responsive One Health

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Garnier ◽  
Sara Savic ◽  
Elena Boriani ◽  
Brigitte Bagnol ◽  
Barbara Häsler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Gender Equity ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
One Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
The One

AbstractThe health of our planet and humanity is threatened by biodiversity loss, disease and climate crises that are unprecedented in human history, driven by our insatiable consumption and unsustainable production patterns, particularly food systems. The One Health approach is a pathway to synergistically addressing outcomes in term of health and sustainability, but gender issues at the One Health and biodiversity nexus are largely ignored.By examining the roles and responsibilities of Indigenous and Local People, and especially women, in conserving natural resources, and the social costs of living at the Human-Animal-Environment interface under current conservation strategies, we show that women bear a disproportionate health, poverty and climate burden, despite having pivotal roles in conserving biodiversity. To mitigate risks of emerging infectious diseases, food insecurity and climate change impacts, a gender perspective has previously been proposed, but implementation lags behind. Endemic zoonotic diseases, human-wildlife conflict and environmental pollution lack gender-sensitive frameworks. We demonstrate that women can be powerful agents for change at all levels of society, from communities to businesses, and policy-making institutions, but gender inequalities still persist.We develop a framework for mainstreaming a gender-responsive and rights-based One Health approach, in order to heal ourselves and nature. Using a leverage-points perspective, we suggest a change of paradigm, from the pursuit of GDP and over-consumption, to a focus on human well-being and their reconnection with healthy environments, using a One Health understanding of nature and health. We recommend learning from Indigenous People to re-position ourselves within nature and to better conserve biodiversity. We also propose integration of gender equity in leadership, the respect of human rights, women’s rights (access to health care, healthy food, land tenure, natural resources, education, and economic opportunities), and the rights of nature, through the implementation of gender-responsive and rights-based One Health Action Plans, at policy-making level, in the private sector and the civil society. As the COVID-19 pandemic continues to unveil deep socio-economic inequities in the wealthiest economies and the vital role of nature in supporting our health, we argue to seize this opportunity to build back better and improve resilience and sustainability by using a gender-responsive and rights-based One Health approach.

scholarly journals Seeing the Forest for the Trees: A Review-Based Framework for Better Harmonization of Timber Production, Biodiversity, and Recreation in Boreal Urban Forests

Urban Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vegard Gundersen ◽  
Berit Köhler ◽  
Knut Marius Myrvold
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Outdoor Recreation ◽  
Competing Demands ◽  
Recreation Opportunities ◽  
Service Areas ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Economic Contribution ◽  
Structured Approach ◽  
Recreational Use

Forested lands serve multiple needs, and the priorities that go into balancing the competing demands can vary over time. In addition to being the source of timber and other natural resources, forested lands provide a number of other services such as biodiversity conservation and opportunities for outdoor recreation. While allocations that enhance conservation and recreation can involve expenses and lost revenue, mechanisms exist to provide landowners with incentives to make such contributions. Here, we review the literature and present a conceptual framework that can help landowners envision possible contributions towards bolstering outdoor recreation opportunities on their lands. The framework classifies forests within a simple conceptual space defined by two axes: (1) the spectrum of intensity of recreational use, and (2) the level of economic contribution required by landowners to meet recreational demands of visitors to their lands. The resulting matrix consists of four broad categories that can be used in forest management zoning as seen from an outdoor recreation perspective: general and special considerations for recreational opportunities and biodiversity, wilderness and nature reserves, and service areas. These categories have different tolerances for active silviculture and require shifting harvest practices spatially within the forest property. While timber revenues may decrease with shifting allocations, other sources of revenue may open up. With an increasingly urban population and rising demands for natural resources, it is prudent for landowners and land use planners to consider zoning their properties to better handle potential conflicts. The framework presented here provides a simple, structured approach to visualize future challenges and opportunities.

Characterisation of the Siri breed and the Mithun cross Siri in Bhutan

1996 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 27-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phanchung ◽  
J. A. Roden
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Indigenous Cattle ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Backcross Hybrids ◽  
Training Institute

SummaryThe authors describe the evolution, morphological characteristics, body weights, body measurements and production performance of three indigenous cattle breeds in Bhutan, namely the Siri, Mithun cross Siri (Jatsha for male and Jatsham for female) and first backcross hybrids (Yangka for male and Yangkum for female). The data was collected through a sample survey which was conducted in Lobesa block of Thimphu district in April/May 1995 near the Natural Resources Training Institute (NRTI). Observations were recorded from 44 Siri (22 bulls and 22 cows), 10 Mithun cross Siri (5 Jatshas and 5 Jatshams) and 8 first backcross hybrids (5 Yangkas and 3 Yangkums). The aim of this breed description is to assist in developing the future conservation strategies of the indigenous breeds in Bhutan.

scholarly journals ECOTOURISM DEVELOPMENT OF MUNJANG MANGROVE FOREST AND CONSERVATION EFFORTS BASED ON COMMUNITY APPROACH

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-116
Author(s):  
Henri Henri ◽  
Seta Ardiawati
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Community Approach ◽  
Good Potential

Ecotourism development in a mangrove forest area includes many positive and negative aspects and requires a sustainablecomprehensive study. Ecotourism potential must be assessed to provide understanding of local people in managing natural resources. This study aims at identifying the potential for the development of ecotourism and determining the efforts of conservation strategies for supporting mangrove forests. Data collection was done by questionnaires and interviews using  1-5 Likert scale measurement and SWOT analysis to determine ecotourism development strategies. The results of the study indicates that Munjang mangrove forest has a very good potential to be developed as an ecotourism area. It is supported by the efforts of conservation as the main key in realizing the development of sustainable ecotourism. The role of the community and stakeholders has been well established such as mangrove seeding and nursery activities. Finally, this study recognizes that the capacity of sustainability indicators is very important to map the transformation and constant challenges of supporting mangrove ecotourism, so that it can provide conservation benefits, provide quality services for visitors and improve local communities welfare.

INVENTÁRIO DA GEODIVERSIDADE DA REGIÃO METROPOLITANA DO CARIRI (RMC): UMA ESTRATÉGIA GEOCONSERVACIONISTA

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-80
Author(s):  
João Victor Mariano da Silva ◽  
Raquel Landim Nascimento ◽  
Marcelo Martins de Moura Fé
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Natural Heritage ◽  
Geoconservation Strategies ◽  
New Strategies

A geodiversidade, tratando-se dos elementos naturais abióticos do planeta possibilitaram o desenvolvimento das sociedades ao fornecer recursos naturais, garantindo ainda a sustentabilidade da biodiversidade. Dessa forma, estratégias de conservação vêm sendo desenvolvidas para conhecer, valorizar e proteger esse patrimônio natural. A Região Metropolitana do Cariri (RMC), Ceará, instituída em de 2009, é composta por 9 municípios que apresentam consideráveis índices de crescimento populacional, correlatos níveis de expansão urbana e ocupação de áreas outrora classificáveis como ambientalmente conservadas, dotadas de significativa geodiversidade. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar e discutir um inventário da geodiversidade presente na RMC, etapa sine qua non para a proposição de estratégias de geoconservação específicas e exequíveis. Metodologicamente, em gabinete foram realizadas análises e levantamentos bibliográficos e cartográficos sobre as temáticas e a RMC. Em campo foram identificadas áreas significativas dentro de cada município e, por fim, em laboratório, sendo cartografados os dados de campo em consonância com as análises de gabinete. Assim, apresenta-se um inventário da geodiversidade da RMC, o qual, discutido e retrabalhado, poderá subsidiar novas estratégias para sua geoconservação.Palavras-chave: Patrimônio Natural. Geoconservação. Ceará. ABSTRACTGeodiversity, dealing with the abiotic natural elements of the planet, which enabled the development of societies by providing natural resources, guaranteeing the sustainability of biodiversity. In this way, conservation strategies have been developed to know, value and protect this natural heritage. The Metropolitan Region of Cariri (RMC), Ceará, established in 2009, is composed of 9 municipalities that present significant levels of population growth, related levels of urban expansion and occupancy of areas formerly classified as environmentally conserved, endowed with significant geodiversity. In this context, the objective of this work is to present and discuss an inventory of geodiversity present in the RMC, a sine qua non step for proposing specific and feasible geoconservation strategies. Methodologically, in the office were carried out analyzes and bibliographical and cartographic surveys on the themes and the RMC. Methodologically, in the office were carried out analyzes and bibliographical and cartographic surveys on the themes and the RMC. In the field, significant areas were identified within each municipality and, finally, in the laboratory, the field data are being mapped in line with the analysis of the cabinet. Thus, an inventory of the geodiversity of the RMC is presented, which, discussed and reworked, may support new strategies for its geoconservation.Keywords: Natural Heritage. Geoconservation. Ceará. RESUMENLa geodiversidad, al ser los elementos naturales abióticos del planeta, permitió el desarrollo de sociedades al proporcionar recursos naturales, al tiempo que garantizaba la sostenibilidad de la biodiversidad. Por lo tanto, se han desarrollado estrategias de conservación para conocer, valorar y proteger este patrimonio natural. La Región Metropolitana de Cariri (RMC), Ceará, establecida en 2009, está compuesta por 9 municipios que tienen tasas considerables de crecimiento de la población, niveles correlacionados de expansión urbana y ocupación de áreas anteriormente clasificadas como conservadas ambientalmente, con una geodiversidad significativa. En este contexto, el objetivo de este documento es presentar y discutir un inventario de la geodiversidad presente en el RMC, un paso sine qua non para proponer estrategias de geoconservación específicas y factibles. Metodológicamente, en la oficina, se realizaron análisis bibliográficos y cartográficos y encuestas sobre la temática y la RMC. En el campo, se identificaron áreas significativas dentro de cada municipio y, finalmente, en el laboratorio, y los datos de campo se mapearon de acuerdo con el análisis del gabinete. Por lo tanto, se presenta un inventario de la geodiversidad CMR, que, discutido y reelaborado, puede apoyar nuevas estrategias para su geoconservación.Palabras clave: Patrimonio natural. Geoconservacion. Ceará

scholarly journals Quantitative Ethnobotanical Investigation Of Flowering Plants of Laspur Valley (Chitral), Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 561-564
Author(s):  
Gh. Qadir ◽  
J. Alam ◽  
M. Hussain ◽  
Gh. M. Shah ◽  
Gh. Shoab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Flowering Plants ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Floral Diversity ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Indigenous Uses ◽  
Fire Wood ◽  
Day By Day

The use of medicinal plants for treatment, cure and prevention of diseases has been described by many people since time immemorial. Because of this, the scientific interests have emerged, making it necessary to realize ethnobotanical surveys of plants species, which is important for subsequent phytochemical and pharmacological bio prospections. This paper deals with the indigenous uses of 44 flowering plants of Laspur Valley, District Chitral. These species distributed in 26 families and 42 genera. Asteraceae was the largest family with 6 species (14.89%), followed by Rosaceae with 4(8.51%) species. In the rest of families, less than 3 species (6.38%) per family were recorded. Leaves of 6 plants were used for medicinal purposes. Similarly, roots of 24 species and fruit / flowers of 6 species were used, while 24 species were used as whole plant and seed of six were used for different purposes. About 30 species were as fodder, 26 medicinal purposes, 7 for hatching, 7 as fire wood, 5 as timber, 5 as vegetable, 3 fencing, 3 furniture 5 agricultural purposes while 4 used for making handy craft instrument. Further, the study is required to quantify the availability of plants which are important traditionally for various purposes. The pressure on natural resources increases day by day which further led the local floral diversity to destruction. The conservation strategies must be implemented in the study area to save the God gifted natural wealth.

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