Rethinking technology development for older adults

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiktoria Wilkowska ◽  
Philipp Brauner ◽  
Martina Ziefle
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Technology Development

scholarly journals A critical analysis of the representations of older adults in the field of human–robot interaction

AI & Society ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dafna Burema
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Social Robots ◽  
Human Robot Interaction ◽  
Robot Interaction ◽  
Socially Constructed ◽  
Academic Publications ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Welfare State

AbstractThis paper argues that there is a need to critically assess bias in the representations of older adults in the field of Human–Robot Interaction. This need stems from the recognition that technology development is a socially constructed process that has the potential to reinforce problematic understandings of older adults. Based on a qualitative content analysis of 96 academic publications, this paper indicates that older adults are represented as; frail by default, independent by effort; silent and technologically illiterate; burdensome; and problematic for society. Within these documents, few counternarratives are present that do not take such essentialist representations. In these texts, the goal of social robots in elder care is to “enable” older adults to “better” themselves. The older body is seen as “fixable” with social robots, reinforcing an ageist and neoliberal narrative: older adults are reduced to potential care receivers in ways that shift care responsibilities away from the welfare state onto the individual.

scholarly journals Interdisciplinary Team for MEDSReM-2 and Decision Support Through Pharmacology of Aging Principles

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 230-230
Author(s):  
Kathie Insel ◽  
J Nicholas ◽  
Amani Albadawi ◽  
Jeannie Lee
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Interdisciplinary Collaboration ◽  
Interdisciplinary Team ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Peer Reviews ◽  
Older Users

Abstract The interdisciplinary team members with distinct and complementary expertise working collaboratively to advance MEDSReM to MEDSReM-2 will be introduced. The decision support functionality in MEDSReM-2 application (app) is to guide older users on making decisions about missed doses. MEDSReM-2 medication formulary was created to include safe hypertension medications for older adults. Pharmacology of aging, including Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic principles, along with published studies and expert peer reviews, were used to create an algorithm for safe window of time to take the missed medications. We will present the processes for developing the decision support algorithm for the MEDSReM-2 App and how this guide will be communicated to the users to inform their decision making about missed doses. Interdisciplinary collaboration including pharmacy, nursing, cognitive aging, and technology development that was crucial for designing and implementing decision support within the MEDSReM-2 app for older users will be shared.

scholarly journals Privacy and Security in Multi-User Health Kiosks

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-14
Author(s):  
Harold Takyi ◽  
Valerie Watzlaf ◽  
Judith Talbot Matthews ◽  
Leming Zhou ◽  
Dilhari DeAlmeida
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Health Technology ◽  
Privacy And Security ◽  
Market Making ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Office For Civil Rights

Enforcement of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) and the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act (HITECH) has gotten stricter and penalties have become more severe in response to a significant increase in computer-related information breaches in recent years. With health information said to be worth twice as much as other forms of information on the underground market, making preservation of privacy and security an integral part of health technology development, rather than an afterthought, not only mitigates risks but also helps to ensure HIPAA and HITECH compliance. This paper provides a guide, based on the Office for Civil Rights (OCR) audit protocol, for creating and maintaining an audit checklist for multi-user health kiosks. Implementation of selected audit elements for a multi-user health kiosk designed for use by community-residing older adults illustrates how the guide can be applied. 

scholarly journals Leveraging Assistive Technology Resources to Support Aging in Place: A Scoping Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 100-100
Author(s):  
George Mois ◽  
Jenay Beer
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Living Arrangement ◽  
Aging In Place ◽  
Assistive Technologies ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Perceived Ease Of Use ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
Perceived Usability ◽  
Technology Resources

Abstract Aging in place is the preferred living arrangement for most older adults. However, the challenges that often accompany longevity coupled with housing which lacks proper modifications presents concerns about older adults’ safety and wellbeing. Advancements in assistive technologies have promising potential in helping address many of these challenges and support aging in place. The purpose of this scoping review was to survey the current literature to understand why, how, and what assistive technologies are adopted and utilized to help support aging in place. We followed the Arksey and O’Malley (2005) methodological framework for scoping studies, searching seven databases and systematically assessed 611 titles/articles. Findings were organized using frequencies and themes. Following the inclusion/exclusion criteria, 12 articles were included. Upon thematic analysis, three main themes emerged: 1.) challenges experienced in the context of aging in place, 2.) technology adoption, and 3.) technology types and applications. Findings indicate technology can serve an important role in helping support aging in place and can serve as a medium to deliver and increase access to resources to support physical, social, and psychological wellbeing. The technologies most frequently utilized include personal devices and smart home technologies. The adoption and use of technologies can be impacted by the perceived ease of use, perceived usability, family/caregiver, self-selection, involvement in technology development, policies supporting access, and environment factors. Our findings indicate that there is a current gap in the understanding of how older adults are interacting with technology and how long term use impacts wellbeing and aging in place.

scholarly journals Involving older adults in technology research and development discussions through dialogue cafés

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Lund ◽  
Torhild Holthe ◽  
Liv Halvorsrud ◽  
Dag Karterud ◽  
Adele Flakke Johannessen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Assistive Technology ◽  
Assisted Living ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Research Question ◽  
User Involvement ◽  
Assistive Technologies ◽  
Citizen Involvement ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages

Abstract Background Citizen involvement is important for ensuring the relevance and quality of many research and innovation efforts. Literature shows that inadequate citizen involvement poses an obstacle during the research, development, and implementation of assistive technology. Previous studies have addressed the advantages and disadvantages of citizen engagement in health research and technology development, and there is concern about how to ensure valuable engagement to avoid situations where they don’t have influence. Frail older adults are often excluded from being active partners in research projects. The overall objective of this commentary is to describe a case where dialogue cafés was used as a method for involving assisted living residents in technology discussions, elaborating on the following research question: In what ways are dialogue cafés useful for directing research and development and for engaging residents in assisted living facilities in assistive technology discussions? Method Six dialogue cafés with assisted living residents as participants were carried out over a period of 3 years (2016–19). Reports that were written after each café by the group leaders and rapporteurs provide the material for the analyses in this paper. Results This study demonstrates an example of facilitating user involvement where the participants felt useful by contributing to research and discussions on assistive technology and where this contribution in fact directed the research and development in the overall Assisted Living Project. Conclusion This study demonstrated that dialogue cafés enable older residents at an assisted living facility to contribute with opinions about their needs and perspectives on assistive technologies. This negates the view of older adults as too frail to participate and demonstrates the importance of including and collaborating with older adults in research.

Cognitive control constrains memory attributions

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colleen M. Kelley ◽  
Larry L. Jacoby
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Cognitive Control

Abstract Cognitive control constrains retrieval processing and so restricts what comes to mind as input to the attribution system. We review evidence that older adults, patients with Alzheimer's disease, and people with traumatic brain injury exert less cognitive control during retrieval, and so are susceptible to memory misattributions in the form of dramatic levels of false remembering.

Some applications of electron beam microanalysis techniques in VLSI process evaluation

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 160-161
Author(s):  
Simon Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Process Evaluation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Analysis Of Failures ◽  
Characterization Of Materials ◽  
Circuits Vlsi

Trends in the technology development of very large scale integrated circuits (VLSI) have been in the direction of higher density of components with smaller dimensions. The scaling down of device dimensions has been not only laterally but also in depth. Such efforts in miniaturization bring with them new developments in materials and processing. Successful implementation of these efforts is, to a large extent, dependent on the proper understanding of the material properties, process technologies and reliability issues, through adequate analytical studies. The analytical instrumentation technology has, fortunately, kept pace with the basic requirements of devices with lateral dimensions in the micron/ submicron range and depths of the order of nonometers. Often, newer analytical techniques have emerged or the more conventional techniques have been adapted to meet the more stringent requirements. As such, a variety of analytical techniques are available today to aid an analyst in the efforts of VLSI process evaluation. Generally such analytical efforts are divided into the characterization of materials, evaluation of processing steps and the analysis of failures.

Cognitive Load Affects Speech Motor Performance Differently in Older and Younger Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 1258-1277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan K. MacPherson
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Load ◽  
Motor Performance ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Incongruent Condition ◽  
Sentence Production ◽  
Movement Duration ◽  
Production Task ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Speech Motor

PurposeThe aim of this study was to determine the impact of cognitive load imposed by a speech production task on the speech motor performance of healthy older and younger adults. Response inhibition, selective attention, and working memory were the primary cognitive processes of interest.MethodTwelve healthy older and 12 healthy younger adults produced multiple repetitions of 4 sentences containing an embedded Stroop task in 2 cognitive load conditions: congruent and incongruent. The incongruent condition, which required participants to suppress orthographic information to say the font colors in which color words were written, represented an increase in cognitive load relative to the congruent condition in which word text and font color matched. Kinematic measures of articulatory coordination variability and movement duration as well as a behavioral measure of sentence production accuracy were compared between groups and conditions and across 3 sentence segments (pre-, during-, and post-Stroop).ResultsIncreased cognitive load in the incongruent condition was associated with increased articulatory coordination variability and movement duration, compared to the congruent Stroop condition, for both age groups. Overall, the effect of increased cognitive load was greater for older adults than younger adults and was greatest in the portion of the sentence in which cognitive load was manipulated (during-Stroop), followed by the pre-Stroop segment. Sentence production accuracy was reduced for older adults in the incongruent condition.ConclusionsIncreased cognitive load involving response inhibition, selective attention, and working memory processes within a speech production task disrupted both the stability and timing with which speech was produced by both age groups. Older adults' speech motor performance may have been more affected due to age-related changes in cognitive and motoric functions that result in altered motor cognition.

Effects of Aging on the Subcortical Encoding of Stop Consonants

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-403
Author(s):  
Dania Rishiq ◽  
Ashley Harkrider ◽  
Cary Springer ◽  
Mark Hedrick
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Responses ◽  
Aging Effects ◽  
Formant Frequency ◽  
Place Of Articulation ◽  
Second Formant ◽  
Effects Of Aging

Purpose The main purpose of this study was to evaluate aging effects on the predominantly subcortical (brainstem) encoding of the second-formant frequency transition, an essential acoustic cue for perceiving place of articulation. Method Synthetic consonant–vowel syllables varying in second-formant onset frequency (i.e., /ba/, /da/, and /ga/ stimuli) were used to elicit speech-evoked auditory brainstem responses (speech-ABRs) in 16 young adults ( M age = 21 years) and 11 older adults ( M age = 59 years). Repeated-measures mixed-model analyses of variance were performed on the latencies and amplitudes of the speech-ABR peaks. Fixed factors were phoneme (repeated measures on three levels: /b/ vs. /d/ vs. /g/) and age (two levels: young vs. older). Results Speech-ABR differences were observed between the two groups (young vs. older adults). Specifically, older listeners showed generalized amplitude reductions for onset and major peaks. Significant Phoneme × Group interactions were not observed. Conclusions Results showed aging effects in speech-ABR amplitudes that may reflect diminished subcortical encoding of consonants in older listeners. These aging effects were not phoneme dependent as observed using the statistical methods of this study.

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