Environmental sampling and bio-decontamination—Recent progress, challenges, and future direction

2020 ◽  
pp. 195-208
Author(s):  
Vipin K. Rastogi ◽  
Lalena Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Recent Progress ◽  
Environmental Sampling ◽  
Future Direction

Recent Developments in Social Policy in the New European Union

ILR Review ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
John T. Addison ◽  
W. Stanley Siebert
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Adjustment Costs ◽  
Labor Policy ◽  
Market Regulation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Labor Market Regulation ◽  
Future Direction

This paper assesses the recent progress and future direction of labor policy in the European Community, now the European Union. The authors show that most of the mandates foreshadowed under the December 1989 Community Social Charter have now been enacted into law. They analyze the possible costs, as well as the benefits, of these firstphase mandates and show the link between these adjustment costs and the Community's policy of providing subsidies to its poorer member states. They also demonstrate how the new Treaty on European Union, agreed to at Maastricht in December 1991, has increased the scope for Community-level labor market regulation.

Can Neuroscience Provide a New Foundation for the Rorschach Variables?

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-165
Author(s):  
Koji Jimura ◽  
Tomoki Asari ◽  
Noriko Nakamura
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Mirror Neuron System ◽  
Mirror Neuron ◽  
Human Movement ◽  
Rorschach Test ◽  
Neuron System ◽  
The Future ◽  
Future Direction ◽  
Rorschach Variables

Abstract. Recent progress in neuroscience has made it possible to use neurophysiological techniques to validate and deepen the interpretation of Rorschach variables. The aim of this article is to review the results from Rorschach studies using the neurophysiological approach to discuss the consistencies and inconsistencies between the different results, and then to consider the future direction of Rorschach research in this area. We also provide unpublished data to complement the picture from peer-reviewed studies. Two main approaches to neuropsychological studies on the Rorschach exist. One approach is to measure brain activities directly during the Rorschach administration; a series of studies using multiple neurophysiological methods revealed activation of the mirror neuron system with relation to human movement responses. Another possible approach is to investigate whether individual differences in Rorschach scores can be explained by neurophysiological measurements during the administration of another psychological task. This article reviews how these two approaches provide novel insights into the Rorschach Test.

scholarly journals Recent Progress and Future Direction for the Application of Multiomics Data in Clinical Liver Transplantation

2022 ◽  
Vol 000 (000) ◽  
pp. 000-000
Author(s):  
Zhengtao Liu ◽  
Jun Xu ◽  
Shuping Que ◽  
Lei Geng ◽  
Lin Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Future Direction

scholarly journals Application of Nucleic Acid Frameworks in the Construction of Nanostructures and Cascade Biocatalysts: Recent Progress and Perspective

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gan Zhu ◽  
Ping Song ◽  
Jing Wu ◽  
Minglan Luo ◽  
Zhipeng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Cascade Reactions ◽  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Enzyme Systems ◽  
Structures And Properties ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Future Direction

Nucleic acids underlie the storage and retrieval of genetic information literally in all living organisms, and also provide us excellent materials for making artificial nanostructures and scaffolds for constructing multi-enzyme systems with outstanding performance in catalyzing various cascade reactions, due to their highly diverse and yet controllable structures, which are well determined by their sequences. The introduction of unnatural moieties into nucleic acids dramatically increased the diversity of sequences, structures, and properties of the nucleic acids, which undoubtedly expanded the toolbox for making nanomaterials and scaffolds of multi-enzyme systems. In this article, we first introduce the molecular structures and properties of nucleic acids and their unnatural derivatives. Then we summarized representative artificial nanomaterials made of nucleic acids, as well as their properties, functions, and application. We next review recent progress on constructing multi-enzyme systems with nucleic acid structures as scaffolds for cascade biocatalyst. Finally, we discuss the future direction of applying nucleic acid frameworks in the construction of nanomaterials and multi-enzyme molecular machines, with the potential contribution that unnatural nucleic acids may make to this field highlighted.

scholarly journals Current Limitations and Recent Progress in Nanomedicine for Clinically Available Photodynamic Therapy

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Jooho Park ◽  
Yong-Kyu Lee ◽  
In-Kyu Park ◽  
Seung Rim Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Target Tissue ◽  
Tumor Site ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Future Direction ◽  
Cancer Theranostics ◽  
Target Side

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) using oxygen, light, and photosensitizers has been receiving great attention, because it has potential for making up for the weakness of the existing therapies such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. It has been mainly used to treat cancer, and clinical tests for second-generation photosensitizers with improved physicochemical properties, pharmacokinetic profiles, or singlet oxygen quantum yield have been conducted. Progress is also being made in cancer theranostics by using fluorescent signals generated by photosensitizers. In order to obtain the effective cytotoxic effects on the target cells and prevent off-target side effects, photosensitizers need to be localized to the target tissue. The use of nanocarriers combined with photosensitizers can enhance accumulation of photosensitizers in the tumor site, owing to preferential extravasation of nanoparticles into the tumor vasculature by the enhanced permeability and retention effect. Self-assembly of amphiphilic polymers provide good loading efficiency and sustained release of hydrophobic photosensitizers. In addition, prodrug nanomedicines for PDT can be activated by stimuli in the tumor site. In this review, we introduce current limitations and recent progress in nanomedicine for PDT and discuss the expected future direction of research.

scholarly journals Covalent Organic Frameworks: A Promising Materials Platform for Photocatalytic CO2 Reductions

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 2425
Author(s):  
Jundan Li ◽  
Dongni Zhao ◽  
Jiangqun Liu ◽  
Anan Liu ◽  
Dongge Ma
Keyword(s):  
Recent Progress ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Co2 Reduction ◽  
Research Field ◽  
High Thermal Stability ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Covalent Organic Frameworks ◽  
Covalent Bonds ◽  
Good Crystallinity ◽  
Future Direction

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are a kind of porous crystalline polymeric material. They are constructed by organic module units connected with strong covalent bonds extending in two or three dimensions. COFs possess the advantages of low-density, large specific surface area, high thermal stability, developed pore-structure, long-range order, good crystallinity, and the excellent tunability of the monomer units and the linking reticular chemistry. These features endowed COFs with the ability to be applied in a plethora of applications, ranging from adsorption and separation, sensing, catalysis, optoelectronics, energy storage, mass transport, etc. In this paper, we will review the recent progress of COFs materials applied in photocatalytic CO2 reduction. The state-of-the-art paragon examples and the current challenges will be discussed in detail. The future direction in this research field will be finally outlooked.

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