COVID-19 vaccine information sources utilized by female healthcare workers

Abstract Background: In order to examine HPV information sources, vaccine hesitancy, and the association between the two variables. An online survey of HPV information sources and vaccine hesitancy was conducted among Chinese medical students. Methods: The World Health Organization (WHO) Vaccine Hesitancy 3C model was used to evaluate reasons for respondents' vaccine hesitancy. A probit model was used to investigate the association between vaccine information sources and vaccine hesitancy. Results: The reported rate of vaccine hesitancy was 62.36%. Convenience was the primary factor for vaccine hesitancy in medical students, and 37.23% used a single source to obtain vaccine information. A multivariate analysis revealed that men were 9% more likely to be hesitant about the HPV vaccine than women. Respondents without partners were 15% less hesitant than those with a partner. Respondents receiving HPV information through the Internet were 12% less likely to report vaccine hesitancy than those receiving information from other information channels. Conclusions: HPV vaccine hesitancy requires more attention. Future studies could examine whether increasing vaccination locations and dissemination of information about the safety and effectiveness of HPV vaccines as well as using Internet media would help reduce medical students’ vaccine hesitancy and expand HPV vaccine coverage. Trial registration: The study was conducted according to the guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki,and approved by the Harbin Medical University School of Health Management & nstitutional Research Board (reference No.HMUIRB20210006, approved on 30 June 2021).

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Trusted Sources of COVID-19 Vaccine Information among Hesitant Adopters in the United States

Vaccines ◽

10.3390/vaccines9121418 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 1418

Author(s):

Rachel S. Purvis ◽

Emily Hallgren ◽

Ramey A. Moore ◽

Don E. Willis ◽

Spencer Hall ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Health Care ◽

Information Sources ◽

The United States ◽

Vaccine Uptake ◽

World Health ◽

Health Concern ◽

Vaccine Hesitancy ◽

Care Providers ◽

Vaccine Information

The World Health Organization has identified vaccine hesitancy as a top health concern. Emerging research shows that those who are hesitant may still get vaccinated; however, little is known about those who say they are hesitant but still get vaccinated. Most people have high trust in several sources of COVID-19 information, and trust in certain information sources such as the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and health care providers was associated with being vaccinated. This study explored trusted information sources among hesitant adopters in the United States with a survey respondents completed while waiting after receiving a COVID-19 vaccine dose. The study included (n = 867) respondents. The majority of respondents were female (60.21%); were between the ages of 18 and 44 years old (71.97%); and were diverse, with most identifying as White (44.54%) or Hispanic/Latinx (32.55%). Hesitant adopters reported multiple trusted sources of COVID-19 vaccine information, which can be grouped into four emergent subthemes: (1) Health care/Medical science, (2) Personal relationships, (3) News and social media, and (4) Individual/Myself. Some respondents expressed a distrust of all sources of COVID-19 vaccine information, despite receiving the vaccine, describing a lack of trust in traditional sources of information such as the mainstream media or government. This study contributes to the literature by documenting trusted sources of COVID-19 vaccine information among hesitant adopters in the United States. Findings provide important insights about respondents’ trusted sources of COVID-19 vaccine information that can inform future public health messaging campaigns intended to increase vaccine uptake among hesitant adopters.

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The Impact of Information Sources on COVID-19-Related Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices (KAP) among University Students: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph182312462 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (23) ◽

pp. 12462

Author(s):

Israa Baker ◽

Nizar Marzouqa ◽

Bashar Nafe’ Yaghi ◽

Samer Osama Adawi ◽

Shahd Yousef ◽

...

Keyword(s):

University Students ◽

Healthcare Workers ◽

Information Sources ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Refugee Camps ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Public ◽

Attitudes And Practices ◽

Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

COVID-19 is an emerging respiratory disease caused by a novel coronavirus accompanied by a tsunami of misinformation and fake news. This can weaken the public health responses by affecting the COVID-19-related knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of the public. Therefore, this cross-sectional study was designed during the early stage of the pandemic to evaluate the KAP of Palestinian university students and their commonly used information sources. We found that the most trusted information source among students was the World Health Organization (WHO), followed by the Palestinian Ministry of Health (MoH) briefings and healthcare workers, whereas social media was the most frequently used source of information. The participants exhibited a high level of COVID-19-related knowledge, having an average score of 8.65 (range: 0–10). In total, 76% avoided going to crowded places, and only 33% wore a mask while being outdoors. The vast majority (93%) checked the accuracy of COVID-19-related information before publishing it, 56% used the WHO and MoH briefings for fact-checking, and only 8% relied on healthcare workers. This was particularly the case for those who lived in refugee camps. This study provides an insight into the information sources used by Palestinian university students, the sources they trust, and the information formats they prefer. These results may help public health authorities to locate the information sources through which university students should be targeted. Efforts should be made to recommend healthcare workers as credible information sources. In this way, they will be able to prevent the spread of misleading information and provide high-quality information, especially within unconventional settings such as refugee camps.

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Health Care Providers’ Trusted Sources for Information About COVID-19 Vaccines: Mixed Methods Study (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.33330 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Eden Brauer ◽

Kristen Choi ◽

John Chang ◽

Yi Luo ◽

Bruno Lewin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Mixed Methods ◽

Health Care Providers ◽

Information Sources ◽

Mixed Methods Study ◽

Government Agencies ◽

Advanced Practice ◽

Care Providers ◽

Sources Of Information ◽

Vaccine Information

BACKGROUND Information and opinions shared by health care providers can affect patient vaccination decisions, but little is known about who health care providers themselves trust for information in the context of new COVID-19 vaccines. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to investigate which sources of information about COVID-19 vaccines are trusted by health care providers and how they communicate this information to patients. METHODS This mixed methods study involved a one-time, web-based survey of health care providers and qualitative interviews with a subset of survey respondents. Health care providers (physicians, advanced practice providers, pharmacists, nurses) were recruited from an integrated health system in Southern California using voluntary response sampling, with follow-up interviews with providers who either accepted or declined a COVID-19 vaccine. The outcome was the type of information sources that respondents reported trusting for information about COVID-19 vaccines. Bivariate tests were used to compare trusted information sources by provider type; thematic analysis was used to explore perspectives about vaccine information and communicating with patients about vaccines. RESULTS The survey was completed by 2948 providers, of whom 91% (n=2683) responded that they had received ≥1 dose of a COVID-19 vaccine. The most frequently trusted source of COVID-19 vaccine information was government agencies (n=2513, 84.2%); the least frequently trusted source was social media (n=691, 9.5%). More physicians trusted government agencies (n=1226, 93%) than nurses (n=927, 78%) or pharmacists (n=203, 78%; <i>P</i><.001), and more physicians trusted their employer (n=1115, 84%) than advanced practice providers (n=95, 67%) and nurses (n=759, 64%; <i>P</i>=.002). Qualitative themes (n=32 participants) about trusted sources of COVID-19 vaccine information were identified: processing new COVID-19 information in a health care work context likened to a “war zone” during the pandemic and communicating information to patients. Some providers were hesitant to recommend vaccines to pregnant people and groups they perceived to be at low risk for COVID-19. CONCLUSIONS Physicians have stronger trust in government sources and their employers for information about COVID-19 vaccines compared with nurses, pharmacists, and advanced practice providers. Strategies such as role modeling, tailored messaging, or talking points with standard language may help providers to communicate accurate COVID-19 vaccine information to patients, and these strategies may also be used with providers with lower levels of trust in reputable information sources.

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Knowledge, Perceptions, and Preferred Information Sources Related to COVID-19 Among Healthcare Workers: Results of a Cross Sectional Survey

American Journal of Health Promotion ◽

10.1177/0890117120982416 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 089011712098241

Author(s):

Shyama Sathianathan ◽

Lauren Jodi Van Scoy ◽

Surav Man Sakya ◽

Erin Miller ◽

Bethany Snyder ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Healthcare Workers ◽

Information Sources ◽

Clinical Decision ◽

Decision Makers ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Convenience Sample ◽

Web Based ◽

Binary Responses ◽

Generalized Linear Mixed Effects

Purpose: To compare COVID-19 related knowledge, perceptions, and preferred information sources between healthcare workers and non-healthcare workers. Design: Cross-sectional survey. Setting: Web-based. Subjects: Convenience sample of Pennsylvanian adults. Measures: Primary outcomes were binary responses to 15 COVID-19 knowledge questions weighted by a Likert scale assessing response confidence. Analysis: Generalized linear mixed-effects models to assess comparisons between clinical decision makers (CDM), non-clinical decision makers working in healthcare (non-CDM) and non-healthcare workers (non-HCW). Results: CDMs (n = 91) had higher overall knowledge than non-CDMs (n = 854; OR 1.81 [1.51, 2.17], p < .05). Overall knowledge scores were not significantly different between non-CDMs (n = 854) and non-HCW (n = 4,966; OR 1.03 [0.97, 1.09], p > .05). Conclusion: The findings suggest a need for improved education about COVID-19 for healthcare workers who are not clinical decision makers, as they play key roles in patient perceptions and compliance with preventive medicine during primary care visits.

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Vaccine acceptance among college students in South Carolina: Do information sources and trust in information make a difference?

10.1101/2020.12.02.20242982 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Shan Qiao ◽

Daniela B. Friedman ◽

Cheuk Chi Tam ◽

Chengbo Zeng ◽

Xiaoming Li

Keyword(s):

College Students ◽

Social Media ◽

South Carolina ◽

Information Sources ◽

Vaccine Uptake ◽

Pharmaceutical Companies ◽

Vaccine Acceptance ◽

Health Authorities ◽

Health Agencies ◽

Vaccine Information

AbstractBackgroundTo control the COVID-19 pandemic, governments need to ensure a successful large-scale administration of COVID-19 vaccines when safe and efficacious vaccines become available. Vaccine acceptance could be a critical factor influencing vaccine uptake. Health information has been associated with vaccine acceptance. For college students who are embracing a digital era and being exposed to multimedia, the sources of COVID-19 vaccine information and their trust in these sources may play an important role in shaping their acceptance of vaccine uptake.MethodsIn September 2020, we conducted an online survey among 1062 college students in South Carolina to understand their perceptions and attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccination. Descriptive analysis and linear regression analysis were used to investigate vaccine information sources among college students and examine how COVID-19 vaccine acceptance was associated with information source and trust level in each source.ResultsThe top three sources of COVID-19 vaccine information were health agencies (57.7%), mass media (49.5%), and personal social networks (40.5%). About 83.1% of the participants largely or always trusted scientists, 73.9% trusted healthcare providers, and 70.2% trusted health agencies. After controlling for key demographics, vaccine acceptance was positively associated with scientists as information sources but negatively associated with pharmaceutical companies as sources. Higher trust levels in mass media, health agencies, scientists, and pharmaceutical companies was significantly associated with higher COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. However, trust in social media was negatively associated with vaccine acceptance.DiscussionCollege students use multiple sources to learn about upcoming COVID-19 vaccines including health agencies, personal networks, and social media. The level of trust in these information sources play a critical role in predicting vaccine acceptance. Trust in health authorities and scientists rather than social media is related to higher level vaccine acceptance. Our findings echo the call for restoring trust in government, healthcare system, scientists, and pharmaceutical industries in the COVID-19 era and highlight the urgency to dispel misinformation in social media. Effective strategies are needed to disseminate accurate information about COVID-19 vaccine from health authorities and scientific research to improve vaccine communication to the public and promote COVID-19 vaccine uptake.

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Health Care Providers’ Trusted Sources for Information About COVID-19 Vaccines: Mixed Methods Study

JMIR Infodemiology ◽

10.2196/33330 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. e33330

Author(s):

Eden Brauer ◽

Kristen Choi ◽

John Chang ◽

Yi Luo ◽

Bruno Lewin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Mixed Methods ◽

Health Care Providers ◽

Information Sources ◽

Mixed Methods Study ◽

Government Agencies ◽

Advanced Practice ◽

Care Providers ◽

Sources Of Information ◽

Vaccine Information

Background Information and opinions shared by health care providers can affect patient vaccination decisions, but little is known about who health care providers themselves trust for information in the context of new COVID-19 vaccines. Objective The purpose of this study is to investigate which sources of information about COVID-19 vaccines are trusted by health care providers and how they communicate this information to patients. Methods This mixed methods study involved a one-time, web-based survey of health care providers and qualitative interviews with a subset of survey respondents. Health care providers (physicians, advanced practice providers, pharmacists, nurses) were recruited from an integrated health system in Southern California using voluntary response sampling, with follow-up interviews with providers who either accepted or declined a COVID-19 vaccine. The outcome was the type of information sources that respondents reported trusting for information about COVID-19 vaccines. Bivariate tests were used to compare trusted information sources by provider type; thematic analysis was used to explore perspectives about vaccine information and communicating with patients about vaccines. Results The survey was completed by 2948 providers, of whom 91% (n=2683) responded that they had received ≥1 dose of a COVID-19 vaccine. The most frequently trusted source of COVID-19 vaccine information was government agencies (n=2513, 84.2%); the least frequently trusted source was social media (n=691, 9.5%). More physicians trusted government agencies (n=1226, 93%) than nurses (n=927, 78%) or pharmacists (n=203, 78%; P<.001), and more physicians trusted their employer (n=1115, 84%) than advanced practice providers (n=95, 67%) and nurses (n=759, 64%; P=.002). Qualitative themes (n=32 participants) about trusted sources of COVID-19 vaccine information were identified: processing new COVID-19 information in a health care work context likened to a “war zone” during the pandemic and communicating information to patients. Some providers were hesitant to recommend vaccines to pregnant people and groups they perceived to be at low risk for COVID-19. Conclusions Physicians have stronger trust in government sources and their employers for information about COVID-19 vaccines compared with nurses, pharmacists, and advanced practice providers. Strategies such as role modeling, tailored messaging, or talking points with standard language may help providers to communicate accurate COVID-19 vaccine information to patients, and these strategies may also be used with providers with lower levels of trust in reputable information sources.

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Tingkat Pengetahuan Orang Tua terhadap Penyakit Pneumonia dan Imunisasi Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV) di Indonesia

JURNAL MANAJEMEN DAN PELAYANAN FARMASI (Journal of Management and Pharmacy Practice) ◽

10.22146/jmpf.54423 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 156

Author(s):

Erlika Saputri ◽

Dwi Endarti ◽

Tri Murti Andayani

Keyword(s):

Regular Education ◽

Information Sources ◽

Immunization Coverage ◽

Parental Knowledge ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Level Of Knowledge ◽

Convenience Sampling ◽

Vaccine Information ◽

Experience Of Illness

PCV immunization has been proven to be effective in preventing pneumonia, but the immunization coverage is still low in Indonesia. Good parental knowledge about pneumonia and PCV vaccine is an important factor that can support the coverage of PCV immunization. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of parental knowledge about pneumonia and PCV immunization and to know the factors that influence it. This study obeservasional design with a multi-center cross-sectional approach. Data was collected using survey to parents in 5 Provinces in Indonesia which were Provinces of DIY, Lampung, Sulawesi Tengah, Kalimantan Tengah, and Jawa Barat using convenience sampling. Study instrument consisted of questionnaire to determine sociodemographic characteristics and level of knowledge. Data was analyzed and presented descriptively and statistically using the Mann Whitney test. The results showed of 500 respondents had mean score of knowledge 80.6% ± 12.8% and median of knowledge 84.6%. Low knowledge was observed in the item of PCV immunization was not yet included in national program of immunization in Indonesia with percentage of respondents’ correct answer was 24.6%. There was significant difference in the score of knowledge about pneumonia and PCV immunization within different groups in the respondents’ characteristics of expenditure per month (p=0.001), number of responsibilities (p=0.007), experience of hearing illness (p=0,000), experience of illness (p=0.046), experience of hearing vaccines (p=0,000), and vaccine information sources (p=0.024). This study suggests the need of regular education programs for community in Indonesia to improve knowledge regarding pneumonia and PCV immunization.

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COVID-19 vaccine uptake among healthcare workers in the fourth country to authorize BNT162b2 during the first month of rollout

10.1101/2021.01.29.21250749 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mazin Barry ◽

Mohamad-Hani Temsah ◽

Fadi Aljamaan ◽

Basema Saddik ◽

Ayman Al-Eyadhy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Media ◽

Healthcare Workers ◽

Scale Up ◽

Vaccine Uptake ◽

University Hospital ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Vaccine Information ◽

To Receive ◽

Source Of Information

AbstractBackgroundThe Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) was the fourth country in the world to authorize the BNT162b2 coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine, which it rolled out on December 17, 2020 and first targeted at healthcare workers (HCWs). This study assesses vaccine uptake among this group during the first month of its availability.MethodsA national cross-sectional, pilot-validated, self-administered survey was conducted among HCWs in the KSA between December 27, 2020 and January 3, 2021. The survey included sociodemographic details, previous contact with COVID-19 patients, previous infection with COVID-19, receiving (or registering with the Ministry of Health website to receive) the COVID-19 vaccine, sources of HCWs’ information on vaccines, awareness of emerging variants of concern, and anxiety level using the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder assessment. A descriptive bivariate analysis and multivariate logistic binary regression analysis were performed. The primary evaluated outcome was vaccine uptake.ResultsOf the 1,058 participants who completed the survey, 704 (66.5%) were female, and 626 (59.2%) were nurses. Of all the respondents, 352 (33.27%) were enrolled to receive or had already received the vaccine, while 706 (66.73%) had not registered. In a bivariate analysis, not enrolling for vaccination was more likely in females than males (78.5% vs. 21.5%, P < 0.001), HCWs between the ages of 20 and 40 years than those > 40 years (70.4% vs. 29.6%, P = 0.005), Saudi HCWs than expatriates (78% vs 22%, P < 0.001), and among HCWs who used social media as a source of information than those who did not (69.8% vs. 38.6%, P < 0.001). In a multivariate analysis, independent factors for not enrolling to receive the vaccine included being female (aOR = 0.287, 95%CI = 0.206–0.401, P < 0.001), being less than 40 years of age (aOR = 1.021, 95%CI = 1.002–1.040, P = 0.032), and using social media as a source of information (aOR = 0.207, 95%CI = 0.132-1.354, P = 0.001). Factors associated with uptake were being a Saudi national (aOR = 1.918, 95%CI = 1.363–2.698, P < 0.001), working in an intensive care unit (aOR = 1.495, 95%CI = 1.083–2.063, P = 0.014), and working at a university hospital (aOR = 1.867, 95%CI = 1.380–2.525, P < 0.001).ConclusionsA low level of vaccine uptake was observed especially in female HCWs, those younger than 40 years old, and those who used social media as their source of vaccine information. This survey provides important information for public health authorities in order to scale up vaccination campaigns targeting these HCWs to increase vaccine enrollment and uptake.

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Vaccine Information Sources and Parental Trust in Their Child’s Health Care Provider

Health Education & Behavior ◽

10.1177/1090198118819716 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 46 (3) ◽

pp. 445-453 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Nikki M. Eller ◽

Nora B. Henrikson ◽

Douglas J. Opel

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Health Care Provider ◽

Care Provider ◽

Information Sources ◽

Information Source ◽

Secondary Analysis ◽

Vaccine Hesitancy ◽

Future Research ◽

Vaccine Information ◽

Parental Trust

Background. Parental trust in their child’s health care provider and the number and type of vaccine information sources are important dimensions of vaccine hesitancy and may suggest intervention components for future research. Method. We conducted secondary analysis of survey data from mothers of healthy newborns in Washington State, and examined the association between parental trust in their child’s health care provider and vaccine information sources. Results. We found that mothers with less trust in their child’s health care provider used more sources, more informal sources, and were less likely to consider their child’s pediatrician their main source of vaccine information compared with more trusting mothers. However, less trusting mothers did not report more effort to read or watch stories about vaccines than more trusting mothers, nor were they more likely to report the internet as their main vaccine information source. Conclusions. Future interventions seeking to reduce parental vaccine hesitancy should consider intervention components focused on building or improving parent trust in their child’s health care provider.

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