Well-Being, Self-Efficacy and Independence in older adults: A Randomized Trial of Occupational Therapy

2019 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
pp. 277-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abel Toledano-González ◽  
Teresa Labajos-Manzanares ◽  
Dulce Romero-Ayuso
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Randomized Trial ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Well Being

scholarly journals Love Hurts: The Influence of Social Relations on Exercise Self-Efficacy for Older Adults with Osteoarthritis

2008 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 465-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly A. Cotter ◽  
Aurora M. Sherman
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Physical Activity Behavior ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social Strain

Exercise self-efficacy is a powerful predictor of physical activity behavior, which enhances health and well-being for older adults. Social relations have been proposed as influential precursors for exercise self-efficacy. In a longitudinal study of 160 older adults with osteoarthritis (76.9% women), the authors found that social support (but not social strain) significantly predicted exercise self-efficacy in a structural equation model examining cross-sectional data: χ2(178, N = 160) = 264.57, p < .01; RMSEA = .06; CFI = .92; TLI = .90. When data were examined longitudinally, however, social strain (but not social support) significantly predicted lower exercise self-efficacy 1 year later: χ2(233, N = 160) = 288.64, p < .01; RMSEA = .04; CFI = .96; TLI = .95. Results support the negativity effect, suggesting that social strain might be the more potent aspect of social relations and should be the target of interventions.

scholarly journals Terapia Ocupacional no cuidado ao idoso com demência: uma revisão integrativa/Occupational therapy in the care of the elderly with dementia: integrative review

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-132
Author(s):  
Vanessa Silva Lins ◽  
Marcia Queiroz de Carvalho Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Occupational Performance ◽  
Number Of Publications

A demência é uma das principais causas de incapacidade entre a população idosa, sua prevalência vem crescendo com o aumento da longevidade e vem se tornando um problema de saúde pública. O idoso acometido por demência tem as ocupações e o desempenho ocupacional bastante comprometido, necessitando da assistência do terapeuta ocupacional. O objetivo do presente estudo é analisar as contribuições da Terapia Ocupacional na atenção ao idoso com demência, descritas nas produções científicas publicadas em periódicos na área de saúde. Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática, do tipo integrativa, realizada na plataforma BIREME, nas bases de dados da LILACS, SciELO e MEDLINE, usando os descritores “Demência AND Terapia Ocupacional” e “Doença de Alzheimer AND Terapia Ocupacional”, nos idiomas português e espanhol. Foram encontrados 33 artigos, desse total foram selecionados para análise 07 artigos, que estavam dentro dos critérios de inclusão. Esta revisão permitiu constatar que, apesar da tímida produção de publicações de terapeutas ocupacionais acerca da demência, nos dois idiomas pesquisados, a Terapia Ocupacional vem ampliando seu escopo de ação, para além das tradicionais abordagens cognitivas e centradas apenas no idoso, avançou na promoção de práticas preventivas e no manejo de sintomas psicológicos e comportamentais, que envolvem tanto o ambiente físico quanto o ambiente social do idoso. A Terapia Ocupacional tem desenvolvido e utilizado instrumentos próprios da profissão, tais como a DADL-Br e a COPM, fortalecendo sua identidade e especificidade. Vem contribuindo para a qualidade de vida e bem-estar do idoso com Demência e seus cuidadores/familiares, promovendo uma atenção integral e contextualizada. Abstract Dementia is one of the leading causes of disability among the elderly population. Its prevalence has increased with longevity growth and it has become a public health problem. The older adults person affected by dementia has his/her occupations and occupational performance quite compromised, requiring Occupational Therapy assistance. The objective of the present study is to analyze Occupational Therapy assistance contributions to the elderly with dementia, described in the scientific productions published in health journals. It is a review of the integrative type, performed in BIREME platform, in the databases of LILACS, SciELO and MEDLINE, using the descriptors "Dementia AND Occupational Therapy" and "Alzheimer's Disease AND Occupational Therapy", in Portuguese and Spanish.We have found 33 articles, from which 7 articles were selected for analysis, according to the inclusion criteria.This review showed that, in spite of the small number of publications about the performance of dementia in both languages, Occupational Therapy has expanded its scope of action. Beyond cognitive approaches focused on the older adults, it has been making progress on preventing and managing psychological and behavioral symptoms, involving both the physical and social environment of the older adults. Occupational Therapy has developed and used its own tests and evaluations, such as DADL-Br and COPM, strengthening its identity and specificity. It contributes to the quality of life and well-being of the elderly with Dementia and their caregivers / family, promoting integrated and contextualized care.Keywords: Dementia, Alzheimer's Disease, Elderly; Occupational Therapy.

Resistance Training and Older Adults’ Beliefs about Psychological Benefits: The Importance of Self-Efficacy and Social Interaction

2007 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 723-746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rylee Dionigi
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Older People ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Benefits ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Training Interventions ◽  
Quantitative Studies

The purpose of this study was to determine the perceived psychological benefits and explore the mechanisms underlying the link between exercise and psychological well-being for a group of older adults (65-72 years; 6 women; 4 men) who participated in a 12-week program of moderate-to-high intensity resistance training. They were interviewed in-depth at 1 week preintervention, 1 month after commencement, and 1 week after completion. The participants believed that resistance training enhanced their well-being, and they gave various physical, mental, and social reasons to explain this link. In particular, self-efficacy and social interaction were found to be key mechanisms underlying this relationship. This study exposed meaningful perceived improvements in psychological well-being that have not been uncovered in quantitative studies of healthy older people undertaking resistance training. The findings highlight the importance of using qualitative methods to enrich understandings of the positive effect of exercise on psychological well-being. The findings also have implications for designing effective resistance training interventions for older people.

scholarly journals Predicting Control Beliefs in Older Adults: A Micro-Longitudinal Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. e1-e12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shenghao Zhang ◽  
Alyssa A Gamaldo ◽  
Shevaun D Neupert ◽  
Jason C Allaire
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Perceived Competence ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Control Beliefs ◽  
Internal Locus Of Control

Abstract Objectives The present study examined potential sources of intra- and inter-individual differences in older adults’ control beliefs using a micro-longitudinal design. Method Older adults (n = 205) ranging in age from 60 to 94 (M = 72.70, SD = 6.72) completed 8 in-person testing sessions within 3 weeks which included assessments of control beliefs (Locus of Control and Perceived Competence), physical health (physical symptoms and sleep self-efficacy), stressors, emotional well-being (Positive Affect and Negative Affect), and cognition (basic cognition tests, everyday cognition, and memory failures). Results Multilevel models indicated that on days when older adults had higher sleep self-efficacy, more positive affect, and less negative affect, they also had more internal locus of control and higher perceived competence. Having stressors on the previous occasion was associated with lower internal locus of control on the subsequent occasion. Physical symptoms, everyday cognition, and memory failures could be predictive of locus of control for some older adults. Discussion Our findings showed the differentiated antecedents of locus of control and perceived competence, the unique role of sleep self-efficacy, positive affect, and negative affect in understanding antecedents of both, as well as the need to study well-being and cognition antecedents of control beliefs in future studies.

scholarly journals SERVICE ENVIRONMENTS AND PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING AMONG RESIDENTIAL CARE FACILITY AND NURSING HOME RESIDENTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S161-S161
Author(s):  
Yeon Jin Choi
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Related Services ◽  
Residential Care Facility ◽  
Social Events ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Service Environments

Abstract One’s competence, or ability to cope, becomes lower as people age due to multiple factors, such as decreased physical and cognitive functioning, social isolation, and reduced income. Considering this change, providing appropriate services may help older adults to maintain their independence and improve their psychological well-being and quality of life. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate services that are positively associated with psychological well-being (i.e., mood, psychological health, self-efficacy) of older adults. For the analysis, observations were derived from the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS), which includes a nationally representative sample of Medicare beneficiaries ages 65 and older. Service environments were assessed by (1) reflect availability and usage of 13 services (i.e., service unavailable, service available/ not being used, service available/ being used by residents) and (2) number of services available within three categories (i.e., help with ADL/IADL, transportation services, social and health-related services) Both having social events and activities available and participating in it were positively associated with older residents’ mood, while using housekeeping services and walking areas (e.g., outdoor walking path) were associated with better psychological health and self-efficacy. When models were estimated with service categories, having more social and/or health-related services available were associated with better psychological health and self-efficacy. Findings of this study suggests that social events and activities, housekeeping services, and areas to walk for pleasure or exercise would improve older residents’ psychological well-being. For Not only providing those services, residential facilities should encourage older residents to participation in or use the services.

A randomized controlled trial protocol investigating effectiveness of an activity-pacing program for deconditioned older adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-147
Author(s):  
Amanda J. Timmer ◽  
Carolyn A. Unsworth ◽  
Matthew Browne
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Support Service ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Occupational Therapy Intervention ◽  
Need For Rehabilitation

Background. Acute hospitalization of older adults can lead to deconditioning and the need for rehabilitation to facilitate a return to home and previous lifestyle. An occupational therapy intervention to combat deconditioning is activity pacing, an active self-management strategy where individuals learn to modify how and when activities are completed with the aim of improving participation in occupation. Purpose. This study will examine the effectiveness of occupational therapy with activity pacing during rehabilitation for deconditioned older adults. Method. A randomized controlled trial is proposed with inclusion criteria of older adults, 65+ years old, living independently in the community prior to admission, with adequate cognition and language to participate in the intervention. Participation, health status, self-efficacy in daily activities, self-efficacy in activity pacing techniques, and symptom management (pain and fatigue) will be measured at admission, discharge, and 3 months postdischarge. Implications. Determining if an activity-pacing program is effective will provide occupational therapists with evidence to support service delivery.

Effects of Yoga on Psychological Health in Older Adults

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1334-1341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberlee Bethany Bonura ◽  
Gershon Tenenbaum
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Control ◽  
And Control ◽  
General Self Efficacy

Background:The objective of this study was to assess the effect of a yoga intervention on psychological health in older adults.Method:A randomized controlled trial study, conducted at 2 North Florida facilities for older adults. Subjects were 98 older adults, ages 65 to 92. Participants were randomly assigned to chair yoga, chair exercise, and control groups and assessed preintervention, postintervention, and 1-month follow-up on the State Anger Expression Inventory, State Anxiety Inventory, Geriatric Depression Scale, Lawton’s PGC Morale Scale, General Self-Efficacy Scale, Chronic Disease Self-Efficacy Scales, and Self- Control Schedule.Results:Yoga participants improved more than both exercise and control participants in anger (Cohen’s d = 0.89 for yoga versus exercise, and 0.90 for yoga versus control, pretest to posttest; and d = 0.90 and 0.72, pretest to follow-up), anxiety (d = 0.27, 0.39 and 0.62, 0.63), depression (d = 0.47, 0.49 and 0.53, 0.51), well-being (d = 0.14, 0.49 and 0.25, 0.61), general self-efficacy (d = 0.63, 1.10 and 0.30, 0.85), and self-efficacy for daily living (d = 0.52, 0.81 and 0.27, 0.42). Changes in self-control moderated changes in psychological health.Conclusions:Over a 6-week period, our findings indicate yoga’s potential for improving psychological health in older adults.

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