scholarly journals Apolipoprotein M and its impact on endothelial dysfunction and inflammation in the cardiovascular system

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid Yao Mattisson ◽  
Christina Christoffersen
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Apolipoprotein M

scholarly journals Endothelial dysfunction as a new concept of early prevention of diseases of the cardiorespiratory system in workers of dust occupations

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 347-353
Author(s):  
Elena A. Denisova ◽  
Oksana P. Rushkevich ◽  
Olga I. Nenenko
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Elastic Properties ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Arterial Compliance ◽  
Medical Documentation ◽  
Bronchial Obstruction ◽  
Cardiorespiratory System ◽  
Respiratory Pathology

Introduction. The development of ferruginous quartzites of the Kursk magnetic anomaly basin is accompanied by the release of dust, which affects miners. Identification of markers of preclinical pathology of the cardiorespiratory system (CRS) is relevant. Objective is to identify markers of endothelial dysfunction (ED) (endothelin-1 (ET-1), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), changes in the elastic properties of blood vessels) at the preclinical stage of the development of pathology of the cardiovascular system and pathology of the respiratory organs in workers of dust occupations with different experience. Material and methods: Medical documentation (812 persons, the period from 2008 to 2015), systematized and statistically processed. ET-1 and BNP were determined by enzyme immunoassay. The central hemodynamics was studied by the method of volumetric compression oscillometry. Results. A significant correlation was established between the prevalence of diseases of the cardiovascular system (CCC), work experience in harmful conditions, and the peculiarities of the production process, r = 0.36-0.44; r = 0.48-0.64; the development of respiratory pathology with the production process and experience, r = 0.52-0.61, r = 0.41-0.47. The structure of morbidity is mainly formed by respiratory diseases - from 5.7 % to 40%; the third rank place (7.8-10.0%) is occupied by CCC diseases. A number of the examined patients have combined cardiorespiratory pathology (CRP) - 42.4%. The changes are more typical for highly trained workers. The study revealed: an increase in the pulse wave velocity (p = 0.037); linear blood flow velocity (p = 0.029), a decrease in arterial compliance (p = 0.031) with an increase in peripheral vascular resistance (p = 0.031), signs of ED (increase in ET-1, BNP). Discussion. Changes in ET-1, BNP, elastic-elastic properties of the main vessels more often developed in highly trained workers. They manifested by the development of ED, occurring as an unfavourable factor in the early appearance and progression of bronchial obstruction followed by the formation of a chronic pulmonary heart, remodelling of the main vessels. Conclusion. The study of ED is an urgent problem for studying with the subsequent optimization of therapeutic and preventive measures at mining enterprises.

scholarly journals Markers of endothelial dysfunction

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. V. Vasina ◽  
N. N. Petrishchev ◽  
T. D. Vlasov
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Endothelial Damage ◽  
Morphological Heterogeneity

Endothelial dysfunction is considered as a universal non-specific link in the pathogenesis of many diseases, primarily the cardiovascular system. This review is devoted to the discussion of the main functions of the endothelium and mechanisms for their implementation. One of the most striking features of endothelial cells is their morphological heterogeneity, which allows us to identify several typical forms of endothelial dysfunction (vasomotor, hemostatic, adhesion and angiogenous). Also, the review presents the most promising predictors of cardiovascular diseases and their complications among endothelial damage markers.

scholarly journals The Delivery of Nitric Oxide in the Cardiovascular System: Implication for Clinical Diagnosis and Therapy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianxiang Ma ◽  
Zhexi Zhang ◽  
Yu Chen ◽  
Haoran Su ◽  
Xiaoyan Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Fast Reaction ◽  
Clinical Images ◽  
Diagnosis And Therapy ◽  
Reaction Characteristics

Nitric oxide (NO) is a key molecule in cardiovascular homeostasis and its abnormal delivery is highly associated with the occurrence and development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The assessment and manipulation of NO delivery is crucial to the diagnosis and therapy of CVD, such as endothelial dysfunction, atherosclerotic progression, pulmonary hypertension, and cardiovascular manifestations of Coronavirus (COVID-19). However, due to the low concentration and fast reaction characteristics of NO in cardiovascular system, the clinical applications centered on the NO delivery are challenging. In this tutorial review, we first summarized the methods to estimate the in vivo NO delivery process based on the clinical images and mathematical modeling to assess the endothelial function and vulnerability of atherosclerotic plaque. Then, the emerging bioimaging technologies that have the potential to directly measure the arterial NO concentration were discussed, including the Raman spectroscopy and electrochemical sensor. Aside from the diagnostic methods, therapies aimed at controlling NO delivery to regulate CVD were reviewed, including the inhaled NO therapy to treat the pulmonary hypertension and COVID-19, stem cell therapy and NO-releasing platform to treat endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis.

scholarly journals Delivery of Nitric Oxide in the Cardiovascular System: Implications for Clinical Diagnosis and Therapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (22) ◽  
pp. 12166
Author(s):  
Tianxiang Ma ◽  
Zhexi Zhang ◽  
Yu Chen ◽  
Haoran Su ◽  
Xiaoyan Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Computational Modeling ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Electrochemical Sensors ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Diagnosis And Therapy ◽  
No Release

Nitric oxide (NO) is a key molecule in cardiovascular homeostasis and its abnormal delivery is highly associated with the occurrence and development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The assessment and manipulation of NO delivery is crucial to the diagnosis and therapy of CVD, such as endothelial dysfunction, atherosclerotic progression, pulmonary hypertension, and cardiovascular manifestations of coronavirus (COVID-19). However, due to the low concentration and fast reaction characteristics of NO in the cardiovascular system, clinical applications centered on NO delivery are challenging. In this tutorial review, we first summarized the methods to estimate the in vivo NO delivery process, based on computational modeling and flow-mediated dilation, to assess endothelial function and vulnerability of atherosclerotic plaque. Then, emerging bioimaging technologies that have the potential to experimentally measure arterial NO concentration were discussed, including Raman spectroscopy and electrochemical sensors. In addition to diagnostic methods, therapies aimed at controlling NO delivery to regulate CVD were reviewed, including the NO release platform to treat endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis and inhaled NO therapy to treat pulmonary hypertension and COVID-19. Two potential methods to improve the effectiveness of existing NO therapy were also discussed, including the combination of NO release platform and computational modeling, and stem cell therapy, which currently remains at the laboratory stage but has clinical potential for the treatment of CVD.

scholarly journals Correction of morphofunctional disorders of the cardiovascular system with asialized erythropoietin and arginase II selective inhibitors KUD 974 and KUD 259 in experimental preeclampsia

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatyana I. Lokteva ◽  
l’ya S. Rozhkov ◽  
Vladimir V. Gureev ◽  
Anastasia V. Gureeva ◽  
Marija A. Zatolokina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Pressure Coefficient ◽  
Selective Inhibitor ◽  
Selective Inhibitors ◽  
Fluid Content ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Arginase Ii

Introduction: Preeclampsia remains one of the most common causes of maternal and perinatal mortality worldwide. A significant role in the pathogenesis of this pathology is assigned to placental ischemia and endothelial dysfunction. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to study the effectiveness of asialized erythropoietin and arginase II selective inhibitors: KUD-259 and KUD-974 in the correction of morphofunctional disorders of the cardiovascular system in experimental preeclampsia. Materials and methods: The study was performed in 260 female Wistar rats, each weighing 250–300 g. An ADMA-like preeclampsia was reproduced in the experiment. To assess the emerging morphofunctional disorders, the following parameters were used: blood pressure, coefficient of endothelial dysfunction, microcirculation in the placenta, proteinuria, fluid content in the omentum, concentration of terminal metabolites in the blood plasma, and morphometric parameters of fetuses. Results and discussion: The administration of arginase II selective inhibitor KUD-974 in combination with asialized erythropoietin leads to a pronounced correction of emerging changes: a decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure in 1.5 and 1.7 times, a decrease in proteinuria in 3.6 times and a decrease in fluid content in the omentum. When arginase II selective inhibitor KUD 974 and asialized erythropoietin are used with methyldopa, the positive effects of the former are enhanced. Conclusion: Arginase II selective inhibitors KUD-259 and KUD-974 and asialized erythropoietin have a pronounced positive effect on the correction of morphofunctional disorders in animals with ADMA-like preeclampsia.

scholarly journals P2Y Purinergic Receptors, Endothelial Dysfunction, and Cardiovascular Diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (18) ◽  
pp. 6855 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek Strassheim ◽  
Alexander Verin ◽  
Robert Batori ◽  
Hala Nijmeh ◽  
Nana Burns ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
G Protein ◽  
Purinergic Receptors ◽  
G Protein Coupled Receptors ◽  
Receptor Subtypes ◽  
Activated State ◽  
G Protein Coupled

Purinergic G-protein-coupled receptors are ancient and the most abundant group of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). The wide distribution of purinergic receptors in the cardiovascular system, together with the expression of multiple receptor subtypes in endothelial cells (ECs) and other vascular cells demonstrates the physiological importance of the purinergic signaling system in the regulation of the cardiovascular system. This review discusses the contribution of purinergic P2Y receptors to endothelial dysfunction (ED) in numerous cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Endothelial dysfunction can be defined as a shift from a “calm” or non-activated state, characterized by low permeability, anti-thrombotic, and anti-inflammatory properties, to a “activated” state, characterized by vasoconstriction and increased permeability, pro-thrombotic, and pro-inflammatory properties. This state of ED is observed in many diseases, including atherosclerosis, diabetes, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, sepsis, and pulmonary hypertension. Herein, we review the recent advances in P2Y receptor physiology and emphasize some of their unique signaling features in pulmonary endothelial cells.

scholarly journals Endothelial dysfunction in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: some aspects of medicamental treatment (a literature review)

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 138-145
Author(s):  
O. I. Lemko ◽  
N. V. Vantiukh
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Membrane Damage ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Professional Literature ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Term Management

The aim of the study was to analyze the professional literature concerning general principles of medicamental correction for endothelial dysfunction and their peculiarities in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.  The development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is based on certain trigger factors and pathogenetic processes (chronic inflammation of low intensity, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction). These factors are common for a number of other pathological processes, promoting the development of systemic extrapulmonary effects and comorbid conditions. Endothelial dysfunction is of particular interest because it causes, first of all, cardiovascular system pathology. Therefore, modern treatment of COPD, in addition to the drugs approved by clinical protocols, must be supplemented by methods of endothelial dysfunction correction in the long-term management for patients beyond the exacerbation period, which at the same time have no negative effect on the disease course.   At present, medicines of various pharmacological groups with a positive effect on the endothelial function are known. Among them are those ones that replenish the deficiency of endothelial relaxing factors or have a direct effect on endothelial receptors; stimulate endothelial nitric oxide synthase activation; prevent endothelial dysfunction caused by mediator influences; regulate the blood coagulation system; provide protection from endothelial cell membrane damage or affect various pathogenetic links of the disease (inflammatory process, immune disorders, dysbiosis, etc.), that indirectly reduces endothelial dysfunction.   Conclusions. The key role of endothelial dysfunction in the formation of comorbid pathology in COPD, first of all lesions of cardiovascular system, determines the necessity for complex treatment of these patient groups with additional correction of endothelial dysfunction, especially in long-term management programs beyond the exacerbation period. Given the multifactorial mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction development, the treatment choice for its correction should be personalized taking into account all the disease peculiarities and the comorbid pathology spectrum. 

scholarly journals Sulodexide. Prophylactic and therapy response to endothelial dysfunction

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (4S) ◽  
pp. 23-32
Author(s):  
Luca Masotti
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Therapy Response ◽  
Protective Properties

Endothelial dysfunction plays the key role in the development of cardiovascular system disorders. Sulodexide, decreasing oxidative stress and stabilizing endothelial cells, has protective properties on endothelial dysfunction. The article describes the role of sulodexide both in prophylaxis and therapy of venous and arterial diseases, underlining its clinical efficacy as demonstrated in clinical trials. Besides, the article describes its role in the management of some other diseases, like diabetic nephropathy, diabetic foot, tinnitus, or hemorrhoids.

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