The article presents the results of a theoretical study of the problem of component-structural analysis of leadership potential in relation to preschool children, in particular, analyzed the approaches of scientists to understanding the concept of «leadership potential of preschoolers» and its structural components. We support the opinion of scientists in understanding this phenomenon as a set of psychological qualities that would meet the needs of the group and are most useful for solving the problem situation in which this group found itself. During the structural-component analysis of the concept of «leadership potential of the preschooler» the personal characteristics inherent in the leader (intellectual, volitional, general, ideological, value, organizational) and emotional-value attitude (ideals, values), his role in determining the purpose and orientation of group actions (ability to establish interpersonal interaction and communication, ability to adapt behavior), functional features of the leader's interaction with group members in real situations (motivation, creativity and reflection) and universal (experience, skills, leadership styles, motives, introspection, reflection) components. The individual component is transformed into a personal component, and the universal component - into social and creative-activity components. Based on the generalization of approaches to the components of leadership potential of the individual, in order to further substantiate the criterion apparatus we have developed a structure of leadership potential of the individual, according to which it contains three interrelated components: activities (indicators: personal leadership qualities, emotional and value attitude); the social component is explained by the desire to use leadership potential for the benefit of the group (indicators: communication, partnership, adaptive behavior); creative-activity component is considered as a technological block of leadership potential and is a manifestation of readiness for its practical use in specific situations of interaction (motivation to succeed, creative approach, ability to reflect).