scholarly journals The beneficial pharmacological effects and potential mechanisms of picroside II: Evidence of its benefits from in vitro and in vivo

2020 ◽  
Vol 130 ◽  
pp. 110421
Author(s):  
Shangying Ma ◽  
Xueyi Wang ◽  
Feifan Lai ◽  
Chenghua Lou
Keyword(s):  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Picroside Ii

scholarly journals Natural products with therapeutic potential in melanoma metastasis

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 1170-1182 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. AlQathama ◽  
J. M. Prieto
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Melanoma Cells ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Melanoma Metastasis ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Cytotoxic Compounds

Natural products continue to provide lead cytotoxic compounds for cancer treatment but less attention has been given to antimigratory compounds. We here systematically and critically survey more than 30 natural products with direct in vitro and in vivo pharmacological effects on migration and/or metastasis of melanoma cells and chart the mechanisms of action for this underexploited property.

scholarly journals Ginsenoside Rh1: A Systematic Review of Its Pharmacological Properties

Planta Medica ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 84 (03) ◽  
pp. 139-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dao Tam ◽  
Duy Truong ◽  
Thi Nguyen ◽  
Le Quynh ◽  
Linh Tran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grey Literature ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Systemic Review ◽  
York Academy ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Literature Report ◽  
Positive Effects

AbstractGinsenoside Rh1 is one of major bioactive compounds extracted from red ginseng, which has been increasingly used for enhancing cognition and physical health worldwide. The objective of this study was to review the pharmacological effects of ginsenoside Rh1 in a systematic manner. We performed searches on eight electronic databases including MEDLINE (Pubmed), Scopus, Google Scholar, POPLINE, Global Health Library, Virtual Health Library, the System for Information on Grey Literature in Europe, and the New York Academy of Medicine Grey Literature Report to select the original research publications reporting the biological and pharmacological effects of ginsenoside Rh1 from in vitro and in vivo studies regardless of publication language and study design. Upon applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, we included a total of 57 studies for our systemic review. Ginsenoside Rh1 exhibited the potent characteristics of anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immunomodulatory effects, and positive effects on the nervous system. The cytotoxic effects of ginsenoside Rh1 were dependent on different types of cell lines. Other pharmacological effects including estrogenic, enzymatic, anti-microorganism activities, and cardiovascular effects have been mentioned, but the results were considerably diverged. A higher quality of evidence on clinical trial studies is highly recommended to confirm the consistent efficacy of ginsenoside Rh1.

Pharmacological Properties of Curcumin

2020 ◽  
pp. 235-248
Author(s):  
Anuradha Singh
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Natural Product ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Pharmacological Properties ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Cellular Factors

Curcumin, the polyphenol natural product, is a constituent of the traditional medicine known as turmeric. Extensive research over the last 50 years has indicated that this polyphenol displays potent pharmacological effects by targeting many critical cellular factors through a diverse array of mechanisms of action. However, there are some obstacles that prevent this wonder molecule to be effective in clinical settings and limit its use to topical applications only. Curcumin has recently been classified as both PAINS (panassay interference compounds) and an IMPS (invalid metabolic panaceas) candidate. Due to likely false activity of curcumin in vitro and in vivo has resulted unsuccessful clinical trial of curcumin against several disease. The chapter will review the essential medicinal chemistry of curcumin as well as envisage a compilation and discussion on the poor bioavailability of curcumin.

In-vitro characterization of the pharmacological effects induced by (–)-α-bisabolol in rat smooth muscle preparations

2012 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo J.B. de Siqueira ◽  
Walter B.S. Freire ◽  
Alfredo A. Vasconcelos-Silva ◽  
Patrícia A. Fonseca-Magalhães ◽  
Francisco J.B. Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Bladder Tissue ◽  
In Vitro Characterization ◽  
Voltage Dependent ◽  
Spontaneous Contractions

The present study deals with the pharmacological effects of the sesquiterpene alcohol (–)-α-bisabolol on various smooth-muscle preparations from rats. Under resting tonus, (–)-α-bisabolol (30–300 µmol/L) relaxed duodenal strips, whereas it showed biphasic effects in other preparations, contracting endothelium-intact aortic rings and urinary bladder strips, and relaxing these tissues at higher concentrations (600–1000 µmol/L). In preparations precontracted either electromechanically (by 60 mmol/L K+) or pharmacomechanically (by phenylephrine or carbachol), (–)-α-bisabolol showed only relaxing properties. The pharmacological potency of (–)-α-bisabolol was variable, being higher in mesenteric vessels, whereas it exerted relaxing activity with a lesser potency on tracheal or colonic tissues. In tissues possessing spontaneous activity, (–)-α-bisabolol completely decreased spontaneous contractions in duodenum, whereas it increased their amplitude in urinary bladder tissue. Administered in vivo, (–)-α-bisabolol attenuated the increased responses of carbachol in tracheal rings of ovalbumin-sensitized rats challenged with ovalbumin, but was without effect in the decreased responsiveness of urinary bladder strips in mice treated with ifosfamide. In summary, (–)-α-bisabolol is biologically active in smooth muscle. In some tissues, (–)-α-bisabolol preferentially relaxed contractions induced electromechanically, especially in tracheal smooth muscle. The findings from tracheal rings reveal that (–)-α-bisabolol may be an inhibitor of voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels.

scholarly journals Rutin-Loaded Nanovesicles for Improved Stability and Enhanced Topical Efficacy of Natural Compound

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Maria Chiara Cristiano ◽  
Antonella Barone ◽  
Antonia Mancuso ◽  
Daniele Torella ◽  
Donatella Paolino
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Encapsulation Efficiency ◽  
Natural Compound ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Great Stability ◽  
Improved Stability ◽  
Characterization Studies ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

Rutin is a natural compound with several pharmacological effects. Among these, antioxidant activity is one of the best known. Despite its numerous benefits, its topical application is severely limited by its physicochemical properties. For this reason, the use of suitable systems could be necessary to improve its delivery through skin, thus enhancing its pharmacological effects. In this regard, the aim of this work is to optimize the ethosomal dispersion modifying both lipid and ethanol concentrations and encapsulating different amounts of rutin. Characterization studies performed on the realized systems highlighted their great stability properties. Studies of encapsulation efficiency and loading degree allowed us to identify a better formulation (EE% 67.5 ± 5.2%, DL% 27 ± 1.7%), which was used for further analyses. The data recorded from in vitro studies showed that the encapsulation into these nanosystems allowed us to overcome the photosensitivity limitation of rutin. Indeed, a markable photostability of the loaded formulation was recorded, compared with that reported from the free rutin solution. The efficacy of the nanosystems was finally evaluated both in vitro on keratinocyte cells and in vivo on human healthy volunteers. The results confirmed the potentiality of rutin-loaded nanosystems for skin disease, mainly related to their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects.

scholarly journals Pharmacological Effects and Toxicogenetic Impacts of Omeprazole: Genomic Instability and Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Márcia Fernanda Correia Jardim Paz ◽  
Marcus Vinícius Oliveira Barros de Alencar ◽  
Rodrigo Maciel Paulino de Lima ◽  
André Luiz Pinho Sobral ◽  
Glauto Tuquarre Melo do Nascimento ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genomic Instability ◽  
Neutrophil Infiltration ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Omeprazole (OME) is commonly used to treat gastrointestinal disorders. However, long-term use of OME can increase the risk of gastric cancer. We aimed to characterize the pharmacological effects of OME and to correlate its adverse effects and toxicogenetic risks to the genomic instability mechanisms and cancer-based on database reports. Thus, a search (till Aug 2019) was made in the PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect with relevant keywords. Based on the study objective, we included 80 clinical reports, forty-six in vitro, and 76 in vivo studies. While controversial, the findings suggest that long-term use of OME (5 to 40 mg/kg) can induce genomic instability. On the other hand, OME-mediated protective effects are well reported and related to proton pump blockade and anti-inflammatory activity through an increase in gastric flow, anti-inflammatory markers (COX-2 and interleukins) and antiapoptotic markers (caspases and BCL-2), glycoprotein expression, and neutrophil infiltration reduction. The reported adverse and toxic effects, especially in clinical studies, were atrophic gastritis, cobalamin deficiencies, homeostasis disorders, polyp development, hepatotoxicity, cytotoxicity, and genotoxicity. This study highlights that OME may induce genomic instability and increase the risk of certain types of cancer. Therefore, adequate precautions should be taken, especially in its long-term therapeutic strategies and self-medication practices.

scholarly journals Picroside II, an iridoid glycoside from Picrorhiza kurroa, suppresses tumor migration, invasion, and angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo

2019 ◽  
Vol 120 ◽  
pp. 109494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenghua Lou ◽  
Zhihui Zhu ◽  
Xintong Xu ◽  
Rui Zhu ◽  
Yunjie Sheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iridoid Glycoside ◽  
Picrorhiza Kurroa ◽  
Picroside Ii

An Appraisal of Current Pharmacological Perspectives of Sesamol: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 988-1000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bellamkonda Bosebabu ◽  
Sri Pragnya Cheruku ◽  
Mallikarjuna Rao Chamallamudi ◽  
Madhavan Nampoothiri ◽  
Rekha R. Shenoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) seeds have been authenticated for its medicinal value in both Chinese and Indian systems of medicine. Its numerous potential nutritional benefits are attributed to its main bioactive constituents, sesamol. As a result of those studies, several molecular mechanisms are emerging describing the pleiotropic biological effects of sesamol. This review summarized the most interesting in vitro and in vivo studies on the biological effects of sesamol. The present work summarises data available from Pubmed and Scopus database. Several molecular mechanisms have been elucidated describing the pleiotropic biological effects of sesamol. Its major therapeutic effects have been elicited in managing oxidative and inflammatory conditions, metabolic syndrome and mood disorders. Further, compelling evidence reflected the ability of sesamol in inhibiting proliferation of the inflammatory cell, prevention of invasion and angiogenesis via affecting multiple molecular targets and downstream mechanisms. Sesamol is a safe, non‐toxic chemical that mediates anti‐inflammatory effects by down‐regulating the transcription of inflammatory markers such as cytokines, redox status, protein kinases, and enzymes that promote inflammation. In addition, sesamol also induces apoptosis in cancer cells via mitochondrial and receptor‐mediated pathways, as well as activation of caspase cascades. In the present review, several pharmacological effects of sesamol are summarised namely, antioxidant, anti-cancer, neuroprotective, cardioprotective, anti-inflammatory, hypolipidemic, radioprotective, anti-aging, anti-ulcer, anti-dementia, anti-depressant, antiplatelet, anticonvulsant, anti-anxiolytic, wound healing, cosmetic (skin whitening), anti-microbial, matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs) inhibition, hepatoprotective activity and other biological effects. Here we have summarized the proposed mechanism behind these pharmacological effects.

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