Evolution of soil organic matter changes using pyrolysis and metabolic indices: A comparison between organic and mineral fertilization

2007 ◽  
Vol 98 (13) ◽  
pp. 2495-2502 ◽  
Author(s):  
S MARINARI ◽  
G MASCIANDARO ◽  
B CECCANTI ◽  
S GREGO
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Metabolic Indices

Soil respiration and soil organic matter pools in soils amended for 7 years with biochar combined with mineral and organic fertilizers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iria Benavente-Ferraces ◽  
Fátima Esteban ◽  
Denis Courtier-Murias ◽  
Ana Rey ◽  
Claudio Zaccone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Compost

<p>Biochar application is now considered to be one of the most promising agricultural practices to mitigate climate change. However, to fully assess the benefits of biochar, we still need to better understand its effects on soil properties, and particularly on native soil organic matter (SOM) dynamics.</p><p>In this work, we investigated soil respiration and changes in SOM pools (mineral-free, intra-aggregate, and mineral-associated SOM) as affected by the application of 20 t / ha per year of biochar alone or combined with mineral fertilizer, municipal solid waste compost, or sewage sludge. The experiment was run for 7 years in a semiarid agricultural soil. We found that biochar had no effect on soil respiration with respect to mineral fertilization and no amendment (control), and tended to decrease CO<sub>2 </sub>emissions from soils amended with municipal solid waste compost and sewage sludge. Biochar accumulated mainly in the mineral-free SOM fraction and its addition, especially in combination with municipal solid waste compost, promoted the amount of SOM occluded with aggregates and associated to mineral surfaces.</p><p>Acknowledgments: to the Spanish MICINN (MINECO, AEI, FEDER, EU) for supporting the research project AGL2016-75762-R.</p>

scholarly journals Thermal stability of soil organic matter responds to long-term fertilization practices

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Leifeld ◽  
U. Franko ◽  
E. Schulz
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Fertilization Experiment ◽  
Thermal Stability Of ◽  
Dsc Thermograms ◽  
Properties Of Soil

Abstract. We used differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to infer thermal properties of soil organic matter (SOM) in the static fertilization experiment in Bad Lauchstädt, Germany, which has been established in 1902. Four treatments (null N, change from null to manuring in 1978 NM, change from manuring to null in 1978 MN, and permanent manure and mineral fertilization since 1902 M) were sampled in 2004. Soil organic carbon contents were highest for M (2.4%), lowest for N (1.7%), and similar for MN and NM (2.2%). DSC thermograms were characterized by three peaks at around 354, 430, and 520°C, which were assigned to as thermally labile and stable SOM and combustion residues from lignite, respectively. DSC peak temperatures were relatively constant among treatments, but peak heights normalized to the organic C content of the soil were significantly different for labile and stable SOM. Labile C was higher for M>MN=NM=N, and stable C decreased in the order N=NM>MN=M, showing that agricultural depletion of SOM increases the share of thermally stable C. Lignite-derived C was not affected by management, suggesting a homogeneous deposition across treatments.

scholarly journals Macronutrients in watermelon plants fertilized with potassium and cattle manure

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 836-840
Author(s):  
José A. M. do Nascimento ◽  
Jacob S. Souto ◽  
Walter E. Pereira ◽  
Sherly A. da S. Medeiros ◽  
Lourival F. Cavalcante
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Potassium Chloride ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Cattle Manure ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Randomized Block Design

ABSTRACT Potassium is the nutrient required in greatest quantity by watermelon, especially during the production phase. Therefore, the aim of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of potassium and cattle manure doses on the nutritional composition of ‘Crimson Sweet’ watermelon plants. The treatments were arranged in a randomized block design with three replicates and 21 plants per plot using a 3 × 5 + 1 factorial scheme, referring to three manure doses (0; 1,100 and 2,520 g hole-1), in order to increment the level of soil organic matter from 0.67 present in the soil to 3.0 and 6.0%, five potassium doses (0, 7.5, 15, 22.5 and 30 kg ha-1) in the form of potassium chloride and one additional treatment (without organic and mineral fertilization). At the beginning of fruiting, leaves were collected to evaluate the nutritional status of the plants in macronutrients. According to the results, cattle manure stimulates the absorption of macronutrients by watermelon; in soil with 3.0% of organic matter, the best results corresponded to the K2O dose of 15 kg ha-1 and, for 6.0%, between 11 and 13 kg ha-1.

scholarly journals Thermal stability responses of soil organic matter to long-term fertilization practices

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Leifeld ◽  
U. Franko ◽  
E. Schulz
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Fertilization Experiment ◽  
Labile C ◽  
Dsc Thermograms ◽  
Properties Of Soil

Abstract. We used differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to infer thermal properties of soil organic matter (SOM) in the static fertilization experiment in Bad Lauchstädt, Germany, which has been established in 1902. Four treatments (null N, change from null to manuring in 1978 NM, change from manuring to null in 1978 MN, and permanent manure and mineral fertilization since 1902 M) were sampled in 2004. Soil organic carbon contents were highest for M (2.4%), lowest for N (1.7%), and similar for MN and NM (2.2%). Three heat flow peaks at around 354°C, 430°C, and 520°C, which were assigned to as thermally labile and stable SOM and combustion residues from lignite, respectively, characterized DSC thermograms. DSC peak temperatures were relatively constant among treatments, but peak heights normalized to the organic C content of the soil were significantly different for labile and stable SOM. Labile C was higher for M>MN=NM=N, and stable C decreased in the order N=NM>MN=M, showing that agricultural depletion of SOM increases the share of thermally stable C. Lignite-derived C was not affected by management, suggesting a homogeneous deposition across treatments.

scholarly journals Evolution of Soil Biochemical Parameters in Rainfed Crops: Effect of Organic and Mineral Fertilization

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta M. Moreno ◽  
Carmen Moreno ◽  
Carlos Lacasta ◽  
Ramón Meco
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Biomass Carbon ◽  
Biological Fixation ◽  
Mineral Fertilization

In organic farming, crop fertilization is largely based on the decomposition of organic matter and biological fixation of nutrients. It is therefore necessary to develop studies conducted to know and understand the soil biological processes for the natural nutrient supplies. The effect of three fertilizer managements (chemical with synthetic fertilizers, organic with 2500 kg compost ha−1, and no fertilizer) in a rainfed crop rotation (durum wheat-fallow-barley-vetch as green manure) on different soil biochemical parameters in semi-arid conditions was investigated. Soil organic matter, microbial biomass carbon, organic matter mineralization, CO2production-to-ATP ratio, and NO3-N content were analysed. Fertilization was only applied to cereals. The results showed the scarce effect of the organic fertilization on soil quality, which resulted more dependent on weather conditions. Only soil organic matter and NO3-N were affected by fertilization (significantly higher in the inorganic treatment, 1.28 g 100 g−1and 17.3 ppm, resp.). Soil organic matter was maintained throughout the study period by the inclusion of a legume in the cropping system and the burying of crop residues. In fallow, soil microbial biomass carbon increased considerably (816 ng g−1), and NO3-N at the end of this period was around 35 ppm, equivalent to 100 kg N ha−1.

scholarly journals Relationships between soil organic matter and crop yield after biochar substrates application and their combination with mineral fertilizers on sandy soil

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-20
Author(s):  
Vladimír Šimanský ◽  
Dušan Šrank
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
First Year ◽  
Labile Carbon ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
The Third ◽  
Linear Relationships

Abstract In this field study, under the soil conditions of southern Slovakia (Dolná Streda, sandy Haplic Arenosol), there were quantified the effects of biochar substrates (1. Effeco 50:50; 2. Effeco 33:33:33) in two rates (10 and 20 t.ha−1) applied alone or in combination with mineral fertilization on soil organic matter (SOM) content and crop yields for period of 3 years (2018-2020) but also the linear relationships between SOM and crop yields depending on the application of biochar substrates and its combination with mineral fertilizers. The results showed that the content of soil organic carbon (SOC) increased from 8.5 g.kg−1 in unfertilized control to 13.8 g.kg−1 in Effeco 33:33:33 at 20 t ha−1. However, SOC decreased from 13.6 g.kg−1 in fertilized control to 10.1 g.kg-1 in Effeco 50:50 at 10 t.ha−1. Biochar substrates and their combination with mineral fertilizers did not have a significant effect on changes in labile carbon in the soil. The effect on the crop yields was diametrically different in the first year after the application of biochar substrates compared to the second and third year. In the second and third year, the same trend was observed in the reaction to substrates – including a more robust effect on the increase in crop yields in the third year after the application of biochar substrates and also biochar substrates with mineral fertilizers. The linear relationships between SOC and crop yields were found only in biochar substrates alone treatments.

scholarly journals Organic Amendment vs. Mineral Fertilization under Minimum Tillage: Changes in Soil Nutrients, Soil Organic Matter, Biological Properties and Yield after 10 Years

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 700
Author(s):  
Diana Martín-Lammerding ◽  
José L. Gabriel ◽  
Encarnación Zambrana ◽  
Inés Santín-Montanyá ◽  
José L. Tenorio
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Soil Nutrients ◽  
Organic Amendment ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Minimum Tillage

Conservation tillage is recognized as a sustainable management practice, however its combination with organic residues application still constitutes a challenge in some areas. A field trial was established in a semiarid agro-ecosystem to study the effects of different crop nutrient sources under minimum tillage (MT). Application of organic amendments at the beginning of a five-year crop rotation (ORG treatment) was evaluated and compared to the control plot where wheat was continuously grown with traditional mineral fertilization (MIN treatment). In addition to wheat yield and biomass, several soil properties were measured (pH, soil nutrients (i.e., Olsen P, exchangeable K, and mineral N), soil organic matter (i.e., C, N, C/N ratio), potentially mineralizable nitrogen, total microbial activity and heavy metals) throughout the 10-year study. The wheat yield was significantly higher under the ORG treatment than under the MIN, although climatic conditions (e.g., rainfall) exerted a great influence too. The organic amendments increased soil nutrients content mainly right after their application but the levels were adequate for the whole crop rotation. Plots under organic amendment application did not accumulate significantly more soil organic matter than those mineral-fertilized, probably due to the low protective capacity of coarse-textured soils. The application of organic amendments under MT resulted in a promising management agro-ecosystem compared to the mineral fertilized because crop nutrients came from organic wastes, no herbicides were applied while the yields were higher.

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