Lethal effects of abamectin on the aquatic organisms Daphnia similis, Chironomus xanthus and Danio rerio

Exposure to even low concentrations of heavy metals can be toxic to aquatic organisms, especially during embryonic development. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the toxicity of nickel and cadmium in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of each metal alone or in combination from 4 h through to 72 h postfertilization. Neither metal altered survival, but individual and combined exposures decreased hatching rate. Whereas cadmium did not affect total body length, trunk area, eye diameter, or eye area, nickel alone and in combination with cadmium decreased each morphological parameter. Yolk sac area, an index of metabolic rate, was not affected by nickel, but was larger in embryos exposed to high cadmium concentrations or nickel and cadmium combined at high concentrations. Nickel decreased spontaneous movement, whereas cadmium alone or nickel and cadmium combined had no effect. Neither metal altered elicited movement, but nickel and cadmium combined decreased elicited movement. Myosin protein expression in skeletal muscle was not altered by cadmium exposure. However, exposure to nickel at low concentrations and combined exposure to nickel and cadmium decreased myosin expression. Overall, nickel was more toxic than cadmium. In conclusion, we observed that combined exposures had a greater effect on movement than gross morphology, and no significant additive or synergistic interactions were present. These results imply that nickel and cadmium are toxic to developing embryos, even at very low exposure concentrations, and that these metals act via different mechanisms.

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Toxicity Studies of Ametryne to Land and Aquatic Organisms

Aquatic Science and Technology ◽

10.5296/ast.v6i1.9828 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 8

Author(s):

Ana Paula Justiniano Régo ◽

Ederio Dino Bidoia ◽

Cassiana Maria Reganhan-Coneglian

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Root Growth ◽

Test Organism ◽

Aquatic Organisms ◽

Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽

Toxic Effects ◽

Eruca Sativa ◽

Daphnia Similis ◽

Low Concentrations ◽

Bodies Of Water

The ametryne herbicide is largely used on sugar cane plantation in Brazil. It is persistent in the environment and can be found in bodies of water, impacting the aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Generally, in crops are applied mixtures of herbicides in order to obtain a higher success in combating weeds. This study evaluated the toxicity only of ametryne herbicide, without mixture with other herbicides, in order to quantify only the degree of dangerousness. This work evaluated the toxicity of ametryne to one aquatic test organism (Daphnia similis) and two land test organism (Eruca sativa and Lactuca sativa). Immobility of D. similis was evaluated in the presence of ametryne. Influences of ametryne on seed germination and root growth of E. sativa and L. sativa were evaluated. Even at low concentrations (5.00 mg/L), ametryne caused toxic effects on the mobility of D. similis, and 0.25 g/L caused toxic effects on the seeds. Root growth and the percentage of inhibition showed greater sensitivity to ametryne compared with seed germination. Thus, ametryne resulted in toxic effects to the analyzed organisms, which may bring damage to both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems.

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Sub-lethal effects of the triazole fungicide propiconazole on zebrafish (Danio rerio) development, oxidative respiration, and larval locomotor activity

Neurotoxicology and Teratology ◽

10.1016/j.ntt.2019.106809 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 74 ◽

pp. 106809 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Christopher L. Souders ◽

Priscilla Xavier ◽

Veronica Perez-Rodriguez ◽

Naomi Ector ◽

Ji-Liang Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Locomotor Activity ◽

Danio Rerio ◽

Lethal Effects ◽

Triazole Fungicide ◽

Oxidative Respiration

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The Mode of Action of Isocyanide in Three Aquatic Organisms, Balanus amphitrite, Bugula neritina and Danio rerio

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0045442 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 7 (9) ◽

pp. e45442 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Yi-Fan Zhang ◽

Yoshikazu Kitano ◽

Yasuyuki Nogata ◽

Yu Zhang ◽

Pei-Yuan Qian

Keyword(s):

Danio Rerio ◽

Mode Of Action ◽

Aquatic Organisms ◽

Balanus Amphitrite ◽

Bugula Neritina

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Guanicid and PHMG Toxicity Tests on Aquatic Organisms

Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis ◽

10.11118/actaun201664010129 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 64 (1) ◽

pp. 129-134

Author(s):

Eva Poštulková ◽

Radovan Kopp

Keyword(s):

Acute Toxicity ◽

Green Algae ◽

Danio Rerio ◽

Guanidine Hydrochloride ◽

Aquatic Organisms ◽

Toxicity Tests ◽

Freshwater Algae ◽

Lc50 Value ◽

Desmodesmus Communis ◽

Cyanobacteria And Algae

The emergence and development of new algicidal products is caused by the ever increasing popularity of garden ponds as well as the use of these products in the fisheries sector, especially for disposal of cyanobacteria and algae. Most frequent means of combating cyanobacteria and algae are applications of algicidal substances. Newly developed algaecides include Guanicid and polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride (PHMG). The aim of the study was to identify toxic effects of Guanicid and PHMG on zebrafish (Danio rerio) and green algae (Desmodesmus communis). We determined the acute toxicity in fish according to ČSN EN ISO 7346-1, and conducted the freshwater algae growth inhibition test according to ČSN ISO 8692 methodology. For inhibition tests with green algae we chose Guanicid and PHMG concentrations of 0.001, 0.005, and 0.010 ml/L. For fish short-term acute toxicity tests we chose Guanicid concentrations of 0.010, 0.050, 0.150, 0.200, 0.250, and 0.300 ml/L and PHMG concentrations of 0.010, 0.025, 0.050, 0.075, 0.100, and 0.125 ml/L. In case of zebrafish (Danio rerio), the LC50 value for Guanicid is 0.086 ml/L, while the LC50 value for PHMG is 0.043 ml/L. Effects of Guanicid on inhibition of green algae (Desmodesmus communis) appear highly significant (p < 0.010) at a concentration of 0.010 ml/L. For PHMG, these effects are highly significant (p < 0.001) at concentrations of 0.005 and 0.010 ml/L in 48 hours.

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Acute and Chronic Toxicity of Carbamazepine on the Release of Chitobiase, Molting, and Reproduction in Daphnia similis

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16020209 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 209 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Huihui Chen ◽

Xiaohong Gu ◽

Qingfei Zeng ◽

Zhigang Mao

Keyword(s):

Chronic Toxicity ◽

Aquatic Organisms ◽

Pharmaceutical Compounds ◽

Aquatic Environments ◽

Daphnia Similis ◽

Delayed Reproduction ◽

Acute And Chronic Toxicity ◽

The Mean ◽

Median Effective Concentration ◽

Toxic Responses

As one of the most frequently detected pharmaceutical compounds in aquatic environments, carbamazepine (CBZ) has recently been shown to cause acute and chronic toxicity in a variety of non-target aquatic organisms. However, little is known about the ecotoxicological effects it has on the molting and reproduction of crustaceans. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the acute and chronic toxic responses to CBZ in the crustacean Daphnia similis. After acute exposure (4 days), CBZ did not cause lethal toxicity at the tested concentrations. However, CBZ did inhibit the molting and release of chitobiase at concentrations higher than 6.25 μg/L, with 96 h EC50 (median effective concentration) values of 864.38 and 306.17 μg/L, respectively. The results of chronic exposure showed that the mean number of molts, size of the first brood, mean number of offspring per brood, mean number of broods per female, and total offspring per female decreased significantly with increasing CBZ concentrations. Significant effects of CBZ on the molting or fecundity in D. similis were observed even at concentrations as low as 0.03 μg/L. In conclusion, CBZ can cause inhibition of molting, delayed reproduction, and reduced fecundity in D. similis. CBZ toxicity to D. similis depends on the timing and duration of the exposure. Moreover, our results indicated that CBZ would act as an endocrine disrupter in D. similis, as with vertebrates (e.g., fish).

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Bioaccumulation and Toxicity Effects of Flubendiamide in Zebrafish (Danio Rerio)

10.21203/rs.3.rs-862021/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Zhiyuan Meng ◽

Zhichao Wang ◽

xiaojun Chen ◽

Yueyi Song ◽

Miaomiao Teng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Danio Rerio ◽

Structural Damage ◽

Biochemical Analysis ◽

Early Stage ◽

Aquatic Organisms ◽

Histopathological Analysis ◽

Caspase 9 ◽

Somatic Index ◽

Physiological And Biochemical ◽

Toxicity Effects

Abstract As a diamide insecticide, flubendiamide is widely used and has many adverse effects on environmental organisms. In this study, bioaccumulation and toxicity effects of flubendiamide in zebrafish (Danio rerio) were studied. Specifically, the results showed that the concentrations of flubendiamide increased in the early stage and achieved steady stages at 14 days and the bioconcentration factors (BCFs) of flubendiamide in zebrafish were 1.125 - 2.011. Furthermore, flubendiamide had no significant effects on the growth phenotypes of zebrafish. However, zebrafish hepatic somatic index (HSI) of zebrafish had changed significantly with exposure. Histopathological analysis showed that exposure to flubendiamide could cause structural damage to liver tissue of zebrafish. Further physiological and biochemical analysis showed that flubendiamide could significantly change the activity of CAT and the contents of MDA and GSH in liver of zebrafish. In particular, exposure to flubendiamide could also cause significant changes in the mRNA expression levels of cell apoptosis-related genes involving p53, puma, caspase-3, caspase-9, apaf-1 and bax in liver of zebrafish. In general, these results indicated that exposure to flubendiamide could induce liver damage by inducing oxidative stress and apoptosis in liver of zebrafish. The results of this study will help to further comprehensively evaluate the safety of flubendiamide to aquatic organisms.

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