Side effects of two citrus essential oil formulations on a generalist insect predator, plant and soil enzymatic activities

This review aims to determine the types of bases that can be used every day, which are effective and efficient as anti-inflammatory drugs. The research method used was to review the development of clove essential oil formulations that have been carried out using various concentrations of various types of bases including M / A type cream, A / M type cream, water soluble base, lotion, emulgel, hydrocarbons, hydrogels and absorbents. The recommended formulation is type M / A cream with a concentration of 5% clove flower essential oil. The types of bases studied were M / A cream, type A / M cream, water soluble base, lotion, emulgel, hydrocarbons, hydrogels and absorption properties which had good physical properties and did not irritate the skin of the test animals. This review refers to several national and international journals released in the last ten years, from 2010 to 2020.

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Effect of aromatherapy massage with orange essential oil on postoperative pain after cesarean section: a randomized controlled trial

Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine ◽

10.1515/jcim-2020-0138 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Seyedmohammad Mirhosseini ◽

Ali Abbasi ◽

Nastaran Norouzi ◽

Fatemeh Mobaraki ◽

Mohammad Hasan Basirinezhad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Side Effects ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Cesarean Section ◽

Statistical Tests ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Nursing Intervention ◽

Anxiety Score ◽

Control Group ◽

And Control ◽

Orange Essential Oil

Abstract Objectives Many women in recent years have been willing to undergo puncture surgery for childbirth, which, like other surgeries, has physical and psychological side effects such as incision, infertility, chronic pain, and anxiety. Therefore, it is important to reduce and improve these side effects. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of foot massage with orange essential oil on pain and anxiety in women undergoing cesarean section. Methods This randomized clinical trial study was conducted in 2019 on 80 women referred to Bahar Shahroud Hospital after cesarean section surgery. The samples were divided into two groups by intervention (foot massage with orange essential oil) and control (foot massage without orange essential oil). The Spielberger scale was used to determine anxiety scores after cesarean section. In the intervention group, the feet were massaged with orange essential oil, and in the control group, the orange essential oil massage was performed without oil. Anxiety before, immediately after, and 60 min after the intervention was measured and evaluated in both groups. Data analysis was performed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Significant levels were considered for all statistical tests (p<0.05). Results The anxiety score before the intervention in the two groups of intervention and control was 57.12 ± 3.12 and 57.07 ± 3.54, respectively, which were not significantly different, but immediately after the intervention, the anxiety scores in both groups decreased significantly so that there was a further decrease in the intervention group (52.10 ± 4.75 and 56.02 ± 3.77), 1 h after the intervention, the anxiety score in the intervention group decreased compared to the previous stage and increased in the control group (50.40 ± 3.74 and 56.85 ± 4.27). Conclusions Foot massage with orange essential oil can probably be effective as a proper nursing intervention in reducing anxiety after cesarean section surgery.

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Beneficial Features of Biochar and Arbuscular Mycorrhiza for Improving Spinach Plant Growth, Root Morphological Traits, Physiological Properties, and Soil Enzymatic Activities

Journal of Fungi ◽

10.3390/jof7070571 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (7) ◽

pp. 571

Author(s):

Dilfuza Jabborova ◽

Kannepalli Annapurna ◽

Sangeeta Paul ◽

Sudhir Kumar ◽

Hosam A. Saad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Morphological Traits ◽

Spinacia Oleracea ◽

Block Design ◽

Enzymatic Activities ◽

Soil Enzymatic Activity ◽

Soil Enzymatic Activities ◽

Physiological Properties ◽

Spinach Plant

Biochar and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can promote plant growth, improve soil properties, and maintain microbial activity. The effects of biochar and AMF on plant growth, root morphological traits, physiological properties, and soil enzymatic activities were studied in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.). A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of biochar and AMF on the growth of spinach. Four treatments, a T1 control (soil without biochar), T2 biochar alone, T3 AMF alone, and T4 biochar and AMF together, were arranged in a randomized complete block design with five replications. The biochar alone had a positive effect on the growth of spinach, root morphological traits, physiological properties, and soil enzymatic activities. It significantly increased the plant growth parameters, such as the shoot length, leaf number, leaf length, leaf width, shoot fresh weight, and shoot dry weight. The root morphological traits, plant physiological attributes, and soil enzymatic activities were significantly enhanced with the biochar alone compared with the control. However, the combination of biochar and AMF had a greater impact on the increase in plant growth, root morphological traits, physiological properties, and soil enzymatic activities compared with the other treatments. The results suggested that the combined biochar and AMF led to the highest levels of spinach plant growth, microbial biomass, and soil enzymatic activity.

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Responses of crop yields, soil enzymatic activities, and microbial communities to different long-term organic materials applied with chemical fertilizer in purple soil

European Journal of Soil Biology ◽

10.1016/j.ejsobi.2021.103319 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 105 ◽

pp. 103319

Author(s):

Lu Chen ◽

Xiubin Wang ◽

Wei Zhou ◽

Song Guo ◽

Ruili Zhu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Microbial Communities ◽

Organic Materials ◽

Crop Yields ◽

Enzymatic Activities ◽

Chemical Fertilizer ◽

Purple Soil ◽

Soil Enzymatic Activities

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Effects of pesticides on soil enzymatic activities, Pratylenchus penetrans populations, black root rot, and growth of flue-cured tobacco

Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part B ◽

10.1080/03601239509372931 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 141-162

Author(s):

C. M. Tu ◽

C. F. Marks' ◽

P. W. Johnson ◽

S. K. Gayed ◽

J. M. Elliot

Keyword(s):

Root Rot ◽

Enzymatic Activities ◽

Pratylenchus Penetrans ◽

Black Root Rot ◽

Soil Enzymatic Activities

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Involvement of Anti-Inflammatory, Antioxidant, and BDNF Up-Regulating Properties in the Antipsychotic-Like Effect of the Essential Oil of Alpinia Zerumbet in Mice: A Comparative Study With Olanzapine

10.21203/rs.3.rs-249536/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Fernanda Yvelize Ramos de Araújo ◽

Adriano José Maia Chaves Filho ◽

Adriana Mary Nunes ◽

Gersilene Valente de Oliveira ◽

Patrícia Xavier Lima Gomes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Drug Therapy ◽

Side Effects ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Negative Symptoms ◽

Repeated Administration ◽

Social Impairment ◽

Standard Drug ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Alpinia Zerumbet

Abstract The current drug therapy for schizophrenia effectively treats acute psychosis and its recurrence; however, this mental disorder’s cognitive and negative symptoms are still poorly controlled. Antipsychotics present important side effects, such as weight gain and extrapyramidal effects. The essential oil of Alpinia zerumbet (EOAZ) leaves presents potential antipsychotic properties that need further preclinical investigation. Here, we aimed to determine the effects of EAOZ in the prevention and reversal of schizophrenia-like symptoms (positive, negative, and cognitive) induced by ketamine (KET) repeated administration in mice and putative neurobiological mechanisms related to this effect. To this end, we evaluated antioxidant (GSH, nitrite levels), anti-inflammatory [interleukin (IL)-6], and neurotrophic [brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)] effects of this oil in hippocampal tissue. The atypical antipsychotic olanzapine (OLZ) was used as standard drug therapy. EOAZ, similarly to OLZ, prevented and reversed most KET-induced schizophrenia-like behavioral alterations, i.e., sensorimotor gating deficits and social impairment. EOAZ had a modest effect on the prevention of KET-associated working memory deficit. Compared to OLZ, EOAZ showed a more favorable side effects profile, inducing less cataleptic and weight gain changes. EOAZ efficiently protected the hippocampus against KET-induced oxidative imbalance, IL-6 increments, and BDNF impairment. In conclusion, our data add more mechanistic evidence for the anti-schizophrenia effects of EOAZ, based on its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and BDNF up-regulating actions. The absence of significant side effects observed in current antipsychotic drug therapy seems to be an essential benefit of the oil.

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Essential Oil-Based Bioherbicides: Human Health Risks Analysis

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22179396 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (17) ◽

pp. 9396

Author(s):

Chloë Maes ◽

Jeroen Meersmans ◽

Laurence Lins ◽

Sandrine Bouquillon ◽

Marie-Laure Fauconnier

Keyword(s):

Side Effects ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Health Risks ◽

Good Alternative ◽

Aquatic Systems ◽

Air Transport ◽

Human Health Risks ◽

Potential Risks ◽

Negative Side Effects

In recent years, the development of new bio-based products for biocontrol has been gaining importance as it contributes to reducing the use of synthetic herbicides in agriculture. Conventional herbicides (i.e., the ones with synthetic molecules) can lead to adverse effects such as human diseases (cancers, neurodegenerative diseases, reproductive perturbations, etc.) but also to disturbing the environment because of their drift in the air, transport throughout aquatic systems and persistence across different environments. The use of natural molecules seems to be a very good alternative for maintaining productive agriculture but without the negative side effects of synthetic herbicides. In this context, essential oils and their components are increasingly studied in order to produce several categories of biopesticides thanks to their well-known biocidal activities. However, these molecules can also be potentially hazardous to humans and the environment. This article reviews the state of the literature and regulations with regard to the potential risks related to the use of essential oils as bioherbicides in agricultural and horticultural applications.

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