Social-emotional well-being among youth living in out-of-home care

2019 ◽  
Vol 96 ◽  
pp. 381-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth K. Anthony ◽  
Judy Krysik ◽  
Cara Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Home Care ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Out Of Home Care

scholarly journals Kinship Care and Child Protection in High-Income Countries: A Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 152483802110360
Author(s):  
Nutmeg Hallett ◽  
Joanna Garstang ◽  
Julie Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Home Care ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Kinship Care ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
High Income ◽  
Out Of Home Care ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Abuse And Neglect

Kinship care is a global phenomenon with a long history, which in high-income countries (HICs) at least, is being increasingly formalized through legislation and policy. There are many benefits to kinship care, including improved child mental health and well-being when compared to other types of out-of-home care. Despite this, kinship care is not without its risks with a lack of support and training for kinship carers putting children at an increased risk of abuse and neglect. This scoping review was conducted across 11 databases to explore the breadth and depth of the literature about abuse and neglect within kinship care in HICs and to provide initial indications about the relationship between kinship care and abuse. Of the 2,308 studies initially identified, 26 met the inclusion criteria. A majority of studies were from the United States, and most used case review methods. From the included studies, rates of re-abuse, and particularly rates of physical and sexual abuse, appear to be lower in kinship care settings when compared to other out-of-home care settings, but rates of neglect are often higher. This review has demonstrated that a small but significant number of children living in kinship care experience neglect or abuse.

scholarly journals Impact of Kinship Care on Behavioral Well-being for Children in Out-of-Home Care

2008 ◽  
Vol 162 (6) ◽  
pp. 550 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Rubin ◽  
Kevin J. Downes ◽  
Amanda L. R. O'Reilly ◽  
Robin Mekonnen ◽  
Xianqun Luan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Home Care ◽  
Kinship Care ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Out Of Home Care

Adolescent males in out-of- home care: Past adversity and current functioning

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Romano ◽  
Jessie Moorman ◽  
Véronique Bonneville ◽  
Carl Newton ◽  
Robert Flynn
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Academic Performance ◽  
Home Care ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Adolescent Males ◽  
Male Youth ◽  
Out Of Home Care ◽  
Adverse Experiences ◽  
Abuse And Neglect

Adolescent males comprise a significant number of youth in out-of-home care, yet our understanding of their past adverse experiences and current functioning remains relatively limited. The current study relied on data from the Assessment and Action Record—second Canadian version for a representative sample of 508 12- to 17-year-olds in out-of-home care across the province of Ontario (Canada). Findings indicated high rates of maltreatment (especially emotional abuse) as the primary reason for child welfare entry, with an elevated occurrence of multiple exposure to different types of maltreatment (71.6% of youth). Once in care, male youth appeared vulnerable to continuing adverse experiences, with 23.8% experiencing maltreatment (emotional abuse and neglect) and non-maltreatment adversity primarily in the form of school changes and suspensions. Results on current functioning suggested some relative strengths (e.g., developmental assets) but also challenges in the areas of substance use, mental health, caregiver relationship, and academic performance. Past emotional abuse and neglect, as well as greater maltreatment exposure, significantly predicted greater substance use, while greater past-year individual adversities (e.g., school changes and suspensions) predicted poorer academic performance. Findings point to the importance of child welfare’s continued monitoring of adolescent males’ safety and well-being across home and school settings, as well as the reliance on trauma-informed practices to address the multiple needs of male youth in out-of-home care. Our findings also highlight the importance of using data in child welfare practice to regularly assess the well-being of youth in out-of-home care for purposes of service planning and delivery.

Avoidable mortality among parents whose children were placed in care in Sweden: a population-based study

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (12) ◽  
pp. 1091-1098 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Wall-Wieler ◽  
Bo Vinnerljung ◽  
Can Liu ◽  
Leslie L Roos ◽  
Anders Hjern
Keyword(s):  
Home Care ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Matched Cohort ◽  
Avoidable Mortality ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Parental Health ◽  
Out Of Home Care ◽  
Health And Well Being

BackgroundSeparation from one’s child can have significant consequences for parental health and well-being. We aimed to investigate whether parents whose children were placed in care had higher rates of avoidable mortality.MethodsData were obtained from the Swedish national registers. Mortality rates among parents whose children were placed in care between 1990 and 2012 (17 503 mothers, 18 298 fathers) were compared with a 1:5 matched cohort of parents whose children were not placed. We computed rate differences and HRs of all-cause and avoidable mortality.ResultsAmong mothers, deaths due to preventable causes were 3.09 times greater (95% CI 2.24 to 4.26) and deaths due to amenable causes were 3.04 times greater (95% CI 2.03 to 4.57) for those whose children were placed in care. Among fathers, death due to preventable causes were 1.64 times greater (95% CI 1.32 to 2.02) and deaths due to amenable causes were 1.84 times greater (95% CI 1.33 to 2.55) for those whose children were placed in care. Avoidable mortality rates were higher among mothers whose children were young when placed in care and among parents whose children were all placed in care.ConclusionsParents who had a child placed in out-of-home care are at higher risk of avoidable mortality. Interventions targeting mothers who had a child aged less than 13 placed in care, and parents whose children were all placed in care could have the greatest impact in reducing avoidable mortality in this population.

Remembering the ‘forgotten’ Australians: The Care Leavers of Australia Network and the Senate Inquiry into Institutional and Out-of-home Care

2005 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Mendes
Keyword(s):  
Home Care ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Professional Staff ◽  
Committee Report ◽  
The Public ◽  
Relationship Skills ◽  
Out Of Home Care ◽  
Functional Transition ◽  
Care Leavers ◽  
Services And Supports

This study examines the findings of the recent Community Affairs Reference Committee report into institutional and out-of-home care. Attention is drawn to the key role played by the Care Leavers of Australia Network (CLAN) in pushing the concerns of older care leavers onto the public agenda, successfully lobbying for the Senate Inquiry, and providing services and supports to care leavers.The report highlighted the historical failure of state authorities to protect the well-being of children and young people placed in alternative care. Many of those children have subsequently experienced significant emotional and psychological problems, the results of which include psychiatric illness, depression, suicide, substance abuse, illiteracy, impaired relationship skills and marriage breakdown, and incarceration.The report also has contemporary implications. In order to achieve better outcomes for care leavers in the future, we need to ensure that child welfare services are adequately funded, employ properly trained and qualified professional staff, promote a gradual and functional transition from dependence to independence, and ensure accountability to external bodies including consumer groups.

Children in foster care– Five years on

2010 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Delfabbro ◽  
Daniel King ◽  
James Barber
Keyword(s):  
Home Care ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Child Behaviour ◽  
The South ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Children In Foster Care ◽  
Out Of Home Care ◽  
Family Contact ◽  
Larger Sample

This paper reviews the findings of the South Australian longitudinal study and the extent to which findings are borne out in subsequent national and international research. Included in this paper is an analysis of several issues in out-of-home care, including the disparity between child and carer numbers, the nature and effects of placement instability, the complexity of child behaviour and family contact. Using some recent findings of the ongoing National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-being (NSCAW) study in the United States, the paper shows how many of the South Australian findings have been also borne out in other studies with larger sample sizes and more sophisticated measures. These comparisons suggest that the out-of-home care experiences of children living in both countries may share many similarities. Findings obtained in either country may be more easily translated to inform policy and practice internationally than has been previously thought.

scholarly journals Smart Sensor Based on Biofeedback to Measure Child Relaxation in Out-of-Home Care

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (15) ◽  
pp. 4194
Author(s):  
Daniel Jaramillo-Quintanar ◽  
Irving A. Cruz-Albarran ◽  
Veronica M. Guzman-Sandoval ◽  
Luis A. Morales-Hernandez
Keyword(s):  
Home Care ◽  
Guided Imagery ◽  
Psychological Treatment ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Smart Sensor ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
K Nearest Neighbors ◽  
Anxiety Management ◽  
Out Of Home Care

Children from out-of-home care are a vulnerable population that faces high stress and anxiety levels due to stressful experiences, such as being abused, being raped, and violence. This problem could have negative effects on their bio-psycho-social well-being if they are not provided with comprehensive psychological treatment. Numerous methods have been developed to help them relax, but there are no current approaches for assessing the relaxation level they reach. Based on this, a novel smart sensor that can evaluate the level of relaxation a child experiences is developed in this paper. It evaluates changes in thermal biomarkers (forehead, right and left cheek, chin, and maxillary) and heart rate (HR). Then, through a k-nearest neighbors (K-NN) intelligent classifier, four possible levels of relaxation can be obtained: no-relax, low-relax, relax, and very-relax. Additionally, an application (called i-CARE) for anxiety management, which is based on biofeedback diaphragmatic breathing, guided imagery, and video games, is evaluated. After testing the developed smart sensor, an 89.7% accuracy is obtained. The smart sensor used provides a reliable measurement of relaxation levels and the i-CARE application is effective for anxiety management, both of which are focused on children exposed to out-of-home care conditions.

Child, Family, and Case Characteristics Associated With Reentry Into Out-of-Home Care Among Children and Youth Involved With Child Protection Services

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha M. Brown ◽  
Rebecca Orsi ◽  
Pang Ching Bobby Chen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Home Care ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Child Protection Services ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Out Of Home Care ◽  
Case Characteristics

Many children and youth with child protection services (CPS) involvement enter out-of-home care. The aims of this study were to examine rates of reentry and risk factors associated with reentry into out-of-home care among children and youth involved in the child protection (reported for abuse/neglect) and youth-in-conflict (reported for behavioral issues) programs. This study used administrative data from Colorado’s Statewide Automated Child Welfare Information System, which contains information on all children and youth who enter Colorado’s CPS. Of the 14,461 children and youth in the child protection program and 2,353 children and youth in the youth-in-conflict program, 14.7% and 35.1%, respectively, reentered into out-of-home care. Families’ prior history of CPS involvement and current CPS case characteristics better explained reentry into out-of-home care than child and family demographic characteristics alone. Understanding risk factors associated with reentry into out-of-home care is critical to inform the prevention of child maltreatment recurrence and ensure the safety, permanency, and well-being of children and youth.

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