Campanian Ignimbrite as raw material for lightweight aggregates

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 115-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. de Gennaro ◽  
P. Cappelletti ◽  
G. Cerri ◽  
M. de' Gennaro ◽  
M. Dondi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Material ◽  
Lightweight Aggregates ◽  
Campanian Ignimbrite

Reviews on the Properties of Aggregates Made with or without Geopolymerisation Method

2012 ◽  
Vol 626 ◽  
pp. 892-895 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafiza Abd Razak ◽  
Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah ◽  
Kamarudin Hussin ◽  
I. Khairul Nizar ◽  
D. Hardjito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Mechanical Testing ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Lightweight Aggregates ◽  
Ash Aggregates

Aggregates are popular for use in concrete and lightweight concrete applications. Recent research shows that the by-product materials such as fly ash can be used as raw material in producing aggregates and lightweight aggregates. The usage of this material can improve the quality of the aggregates produced compared to conventional in term of structurally strong, physically stable, durable, and environmentally inert. This paper summarized the process and mechanical testing on the fly ash aggregates and lightweight aggregates to be used in concrete.

Neapolitan Yellow Tuff as raw material for lightweight aggregates in lightweight structural concrete production

2005 ◽  
Vol 28 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 309-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. de Gennaro ◽  
P. Cappelletti ◽  
G. Cerri ◽  
M. de'Gennaro ◽  
M. Dondi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Material ◽  
Lightweight Aggregates ◽  
Structural Concrete ◽  
Neapolitan Yellow Tuff ◽  
Concrete Production

Prediction of Solid Waste Incineration Residues Quantity for Valorization in Lightweight Aggregates

2006 ◽  
Vol 514-516 ◽  
pp. 1731-1735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margarida J. Quina ◽  
Marisa A. Almeida ◽  
Regina C. Santos ◽  
João C. Bordado ◽  
Rosa M. Quinta-Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Waste Incineration ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Air Pollution Control ◽  
Lightweight Aggregates ◽  
Percentage Concentration ◽  
Incineration Residues ◽  
Eu Policies ◽  
Waste Characteristics ◽  
Apc Residues

The recycling of wastes is nowadays a priority in terms of the EU policies. This study aims at the replacement of a certain percentage of clay (natural raw material) by residues produced in a municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) process referred as Air Pollution Control (APC) residues. The main objective of this work concerns the prediction of the quantity of the waste that can be valorized as lightweight aggregates (LWA). For this analysis the Riley diagram was considered, which consists in plotting the percentage concentration of the main oxides (SiO2, Al2O3, fluxing) in a ternary diagram. The fluxing is defined as the sum of Fe2O3+CaO+MgO+Na2O+K2O. Our results point out that no more than 5% of APC residues should be considered, since the main oxide composition of APC residues is far away from bloating area. A pre-washing treatment improved the waste characteristics being then possible to increase the amount of residue that can be incorporated in percentages below 10%. This theoretical analysis can save experimental work, since it allows the prediction of the maximum amount of wastes to be tested.

scholarly journals Optimization of the technology for the production of foam glass aggregate

2020 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 14016
Author(s):  
Igor Bessonov ◽  
Aleksey Zhukov ◽  
Ekaterina Shokodko ◽  
Aleksandr Chernov
Keyword(s):  
Foam Glass ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Landscape Design ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Lightweight Aggregates ◽  
Recycled Glass ◽  
Blowing Agent ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Building Systems ◽  
Glass Aggregate

The article presents the results of a study of the state of production of a foam glass and the nomencla-ture of its products. It is shown that it is expedient to use the recycled glass obtained from the bottle battle, the defective glass and the double-glazed windows as a raw material for the production of the foam-glass. The re-quirements are formulated for glasses, which should have low viscosity values in the range of foaming tempera-tures. The features of the technology for the production of the foam glass aggregate at the specialized lines are outlined. The technology features are the composition of the charge and temperature conditions of burning. The mixture for the production of the foam glass aggregate consists of glass flour, organomineral blowing agent con-taining water and food glycerin, as distinct from the slab foam glass, where soot or coke is used as a blowing agent. The results confirm the effectiveness of the use of the foam glass aggregate as a soundproofing backfill for floors. Currently, about 70% of the foam glass aggregate is used for roofs and stylobates; the rest is used in landscape design, road construction, foundations and major repair. In the future, the areas of application of the foam glass aggregate can be significantly expanded in the direction of building systems, lightweight aggregates, etc., which involves in-depth studies of the properties of this material.

scholarly journals Application of the Taguchi Method for Optimizing the Process Parameters of Producing Controlled Low-Strength Materials by Using Dimension Stone Sludge and Lightweight Aggregates

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 5576
Author(s):  
How-Ji Chen ◽  
Hsuan-Chung Lin ◽  
Chao-Wei Tang
Keyword(s):  
Taguchi Method ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Resource Depletion ◽  
Renewable Resource ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Dimension Stone ◽  
Lightweight Aggregates ◽  
Low Strength

In view of the increasing concerns over non-renewable resource depletion and waste management, this paper studied the development of low-density controlled low-strength material (CLSM) by using stone sludge and lightweight aggregates. First, the investigation was performed at a laboratory scale to assess the effects of the composition on the properties of the resulting low-density CLSM. The Taguchi method with an L9(34) orthogonal array and four controllable three-level factors (i.e., the stone sludge dosage, water to binder ratio, accelerator dosage and lightweight aggregate dosage) was adopted. Then, to optimize the selected parameters, the analysis of variance method was used to explore the effects of the experimental factors on the performance (fresh and hardened properties) of the produced low-density CLSM. The test results show that when the percentage of stone sludge usage was increased from 30% to 60%, the initial setting time approximately doubled on average. Moreover, at the age of 28 days, the compressive strength of most specimens did not exceed the upper limit of 8.83 MPa stipulated by Taiwan’s Public Construction Commission. Further, the material cost per cubic meter of the produced CLSM was about NT$ 720.9 lower than that of the ordinary CLSM, which could reduce the cost by 40.6%. These results indicate that the use of stone sludge as a raw material to produce CLSM could achieve environmental sustainability. In other words, the use of stone sludge and lightweight aggregates to produce low-density CLSM was extremely feasible.

scholarly journals Manufacturing of Lightweight Aggregates as an Auspicious Method of Sewage Sludge Utilization

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 5635
Author(s):  
Jerzy Korol ◽  
Marcin Głodniok ◽  
Aleksander Hejna ◽  
Tomasz Pawlik ◽  
Błażej Chmielnicki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Specific Weight ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Lightweight Aggregates ◽  
Commercial Products

Sewage sludge is a high-volume and low-cost waste commonly generated worldwide, so its utilization is a vital issue. The application of this waste in the manufacturing of lightweight aggregates was investigated. The process was performed using intensive mixers with volumes of 5 and 30 L, as well as the industrial 500 L mixer. Then, granulates were sintered in a tube furnace. The influence of composition and mixer size on the particle size, microstructure, mechanical performance, and stability of lightweight aggregates in different environments was analyzed. The best results were obtained for a 500 L mixer, enhancing the industrial potential of the presented process. Increasing the share of sewage sludge in the composition of aggregates enhanced their porosity and reduced the specific weight, which caused a drop in compressive strength. Nevertheless, for all analyzed materials, the mechanical performance was superior compared to many commercial products. Therefore, sewage sludge can be efficiently applied as a raw material for the manufacturing of lightweight aggregates. The presented results confirm that a proper adjustment of composition allows easy the tailoring of aggregates’ performance and cost.

Microstructure Study on Volcano Ash Geopolymer Aggregate at Different Sintering Temperature

2013 ◽  
Vol 594-595 ◽  
pp. 83-87
Author(s):  
A.R. Rafiza ◽  
Abdullah Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri ◽  
Hussin Kamarudin ◽  
Ismail Khairul Nizar ◽  
D. Hardjito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Lightweight Aggregates

Recent research shows that the by-product materials such as fly ash can be used as raw material in producing aggregates and lightweight aggregates. The usage of this material can improve the quality of the aggregates produced compared to conventional in term of structurally strong, physically stable, durable, and environmentally inert. However, volcano ash also has a potential to be used as artificial geopolymer aggregate due to high Si and Al contents. This volcano ash is almost dominated by quartz phase and sulfur. Volcano ash has plate-like structure. The structure of original volcano ash shows more layer stick together to form the bigger structure due to the existence of water. More large pores can be clearly observed at sintering temperature of 1000 °C and contribute to less density and have potential to be used as lightweight artificial geopolymer aggregate.

Mental representation of economic crisis in Italian and Swiss samples 1The authors would like to thank Maurizio Mistri for his help in the construction of items. This research was supported by a grant from the Italian Murst (ex 40%).

2001 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Savadori ◽  
Eraldo Nicotra ◽  
Rino Rumiati ◽  
Roberto Tamborini
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Mental Representation ◽  
Mental Representations ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
National Context ◽  
Cluster Procedure ◽  
Total N ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Important Symptom

The content and structure of mental representation of economic crises were studied and the flexibility of the structure in different social contexts was tested. Italian and Swiss samples (Total N = 98) were compared with respect to their judgments as to how a series of concrete examples of events representing abstract indicators were relevant symptoms of economic crisis. Mental representations were derived using a cluster procedure. Results showed that the relevance of the indicators varied as a function of national context. The growth of unemployment was judged to be by far the most important symptom of an economic crisis but the Swiss sample judged bankruptcies as more symptomatic than Italians who considered inflation, raw material prices and external accounts to be more relevant. A different clustering structure was found for the two samples: the locations of unemployment and gross domestic production indicators were the main differences in representations.

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