scholarly journals Development of 3D needled composite from denim waste and polypropylene fibers for structural applications

2022 ◽  
Vol 314 ◽  
pp. 125583
Author(s):  
Shujuan Wang ◽  
Tao Zhang ◽  
Xiaolin Zhang ◽  
Shengbo Ge ◽  
Wei Fan
Keyword(s):  
Polypropylene Fibers ◽  
Structural Applications

scholarly journals Effect of Concrete Admixtures on Structural Properties and Corrosion Resistance of Steel Reinforcements

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Dad CHANDIO ◽  
Shahid Hussain ABRO ◽  
Asif Ahmed SHAIKH ◽  
Haseeb AHMED ◽  
Baber FAROOQI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Properties ◽  
Polypropylene Fibers ◽  
Curing Time ◽  
Remarkable Improvement ◽  
Structural Applications ◽  
Concrete Admixtures ◽  
Concrete Blocks ◽  
Corrosion Susceptibility ◽  
Variable Water ◽  
Control Corrosion

Concrete structural properties are compromised largely due to corrosion susceptibility of steel reinforcements. This results in weakening and eventual failure of structures. Several strategies have been employed in past to control corrosion and increase mechanical strength of concretes, in particular for structural applications. In this study, fly ash and polypropylene fibers were utilized as the admixtures for preparation of concrete blocks with variable water-cement (w/c) ratios i.e. 0.45, 0.5 and 0.65. Three different grades of cements were selected in this study namely OPC 43, OPC 53 and sulfate resistant one. Also, two different steel alloys were used i.e. ASTM-615 and ASTM-706, since both of them are very common reinforcement materials (rebars). The curing time of 56 consecutive days was employed before testing and characterization. The results suggest remarkable improvement in the mechanical properties of blocks upon the incorporation of admixtures. However, rebars exhibited highest corrosion rate in the presence of OPC 43 cement at w/c ratio of 0.65.

Lattice Imaging of Grain Boundaries in Ceramics

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 114-115
Author(s):  
D. R. Clarke ◽  
G. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Silicon Nitride ◽  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
High Temperature Strength ◽  
Current Interest ◽  
Lattice Imaging ◽  
Special Significance ◽  
Structural Applications ◽  
Refractory Ceramics

Grain boundaries have long held a special significance to ceramicists. In part, this has been because it has been impossible until now to actually observe the boundaries themselves. Just as important, however, is the fact that the grain boundaries and their environs have a determing influence on both the mechanisms by which powder compaction occurs during fabrication, and on the overall mechanical properties of the material. One area where the grain boundary plays a particularly important role is in the high temperature strength of hot-pressed ceramics. This is a subject of current interest as extensive efforts are being made to develop ceramics, such as silicon nitride alloys, for high temperature structural applications. In this presentation we describe how the techniques of lattice fringe imaging have made it possible to study the grain boundaries in a number of refractory ceramics, and illustrate some of the findings.

Precipitation in Al-Li-Cu Alloys

1981 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 44-45
Author(s):  
J. E. O'Neal ◽  
K. K. Sankaran
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Age Hardening ◽  
Precipitation Behavior ◽  
Zone Formation ◽  
Specific Strength ◽  
Hardening Behavior ◽  
Cu Alloys ◽  
High Specific Strength ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Structural Applications

Al-Li-Cu alloys combine high specific strength and high specific modulus and are potential candidates for aircraft structural applications. As part of an effort to optimize Al-Li-Cu alloys for specific applications, precipitation in these alloys was studied for a range of compositions, and the mechanical behavior was correlated with the microstructures.Alloys with nominal compositions of Al-4Cu-2Li-0.2Zr, Al-2.5Cu-2.5Li-0.2Zr, and Al-l.5Cu-2.5Li-0.5Mn were argon-atomized into powder at solidification rates ≈ 103°C/s. Powders were consolidated into bar stock by vacuum pressing and extruding at 400°C. Alloy specimens were solution annealed at 530°C and aged at temperatures up to 250°C, and the resultant precipitation was studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM).The low-temperature (≲100°C) precipitation behavior of the Al-4Cu-2Li-0.2Zr alloy is a combination of the separate precipitation behaviors of Al-Cu and Al-Li alloys. The age-hardening behavior at these temperatures is characteristic of Guinier-Preston (GP) zone formation, with additional strengthening resulting from the coherent precipitation of δ’ (Al3Li, Ll2 structure), the presence of which is revealed by the selected-area diffraction pattern (SADP) shown in Figure la.

A Tem Study of Slip Systems in MoSi2/WSi2 Alloys

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 942-943
Author(s):  
Stuart A. Maloy
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Solid Solution Hardening ◽  
Slip Systems ◽  
High Melting ◽  
Group 14 ◽  
Solution Hardening ◽  
Brittle To Ductile Transition ◽  
High Melting Temperature ◽  
Tetragonal Unit Cell ◽  
Structural Applications

MoSi2 has recently been investigated as a potential material for high temperature structural applications. It has excellent oxidation resistance up to 1700°C, a high melting temperature, 2030°C, and a brittle-to-ductile transition temperature at 900-1000°C. WSi2 is isomorphous with MoSi2 and has a body-centered tetragonal unit cell of the space group 14/mmm. The lattice parameters are a=3.20 Å and c=7.84 Å for MoSi2 and a=3.21 Å and c=7.88 Å for WSi2. Therefore, WSi2 was added to MoSi2 to improve its strength via solid solution hardening. The purpose of this study was to investigate the slip systems in polycrystalline MoSi2/WSi2 alloys.

Crystallization sequence of an A1N-Y2O3-SiO2 glass-ceramic

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 446-447
Author(s):  
T.R. Dinger ◽  
G. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Glass Ceramic ◽  
Crystallization Behavior ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Crystallization Sequence ◽  
Sio2 Glass ◽  
Structural Applications ◽  
Ceramic Precursors

The use of Si3N4, alloys for high temperature, high stress structural applications has prompted numerous studies of the oxynitride glasses which exist as intergranular phases in their microstructures. Oxynitride glasses have been investigated recently in their bulk form in order to understand their crystallization behavior for subsequent Si3N4 applications and to investigate their worth as glass-ceramic precursors. This research investigates the crystallization sequence of a glass having a normalized composition of Y26Si30Al11 ON11 and lying in the A1N-Y2O3-SiO2 section of the Y-Si-Al-O-N system. Such glasses exist as intergranular phases in the technologically important Y2O3/Al2O3-fluxed Si3N4 alloys.

Analytical and High-Resolution EM Study of Crystalline Phases formed at Metal-Ceramic Interface

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 426-427
Author(s):  
N. Merk ◽  
A. P. Tomsia ◽  
G. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Dissimilar Materials ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Electron Micrograph ◽  
Scanning Electron Micrograph ◽  
Structural Applications ◽  
Metal Ceramic ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Ceramic Compounds ◽  
Scanning Electron

A recent development of new ceramic materials for structural applications involves the joining of ceramic compounds to metals. Due to the wetting problem, an interlayer material (brazing alloy) is generally used to achieve the bonding. The nature of the interfaces between such dissimilar materials is the subject of intensive studies and is of utmost importance to obtain a controlled microstructure at the discontinuities to satisfy the demanding properties for engineering applications . The brazing alloy is generally ductile and hence, does not readily fracture. It must also wett the ceramic with similar thermal expansion coefficient to avoid large stresses at joints. In the present work we study mullite-molybdenum composites using a brazing alloy for the weldment.A scanning electron micrograph from the cross section of the joining sequence studied here is presented in Fig. 1.

In situ observation of the martensitic transformation in (Mg,Y)-PSZ

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 500-501
Author(s):  
R-R. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Martensitic Transformation ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Nucleation And Growth ◽  
In Situ Observation ◽  
Considerable Potential ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Structural Applications ◽  
Applied Stresses ◽  
Kinetics Of

Partially-stabilized ZrO2 (PSZ) ceramics have considerable potential for advanced structural applications because of their high strength and toughness. These properties derive from small tetragonal ZrO2 (t-ZrO2) precipitates in a cubic (c) ZrO2 matrix, which transform martensitically to monoclinic (m) symmetry under applied stresses. The kinetics of the martensitic transformation is believed to be nucleation controlled and the nucleation is always stress induced. In situ observation of the martensitic transformation using transmission electron microscopy provides considerable information about the nucleation and growth aspects of the transformation.

Electron energy loss near edge structures of intermetallic alloys and grain boundaries in NiAl

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 522-523
Author(s):  
G.A. Botton ◽  
C.J. Humphreys
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Transition Metal ◽  
Energy Loss ◽  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Edge Structure ◽  
Structural Applications ◽  
Yield Behaviour ◽  
Late Transition ◽  
Metal Aluminides

Transition metal aluminides are of great potential interest for high temperature structural applications. Although these materials exhibit good mechanical properties at high temperature, their use in industrial applications is often limited by their intrinsic room temperature brittleness. Whilst this particular yield behaviour is directly related to the defect structure, the properties of the defects (in particular the mobility of dislocations and the slip system on which these dislocations move) are ultimately determined by the electronic structure and bonding in these materials. The lack of ductility has been attributed, at least in part, to the mixed bonding character (metallic and covalent) as inferred from ab-initio calculations. In this work, we analyse energy loss spectra and discuss the features of the near edge structure in terms of the relevant electronic states in order to compare the predictions on bonding directly with spectroscopic experiments. In this process, we compare spectra of late transition metal (TM) to early TM aluminides (FeAl and TiAl) to assess whether differences in bonding can also be detected. This information is then discussed in terms of bonding changes at grain boundaries in NiAl.

Phase transformation and layer evolution in molybdenum disilicide-silicon carbide nanolayered coatings

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 538-539
Author(s):  
H. Kung ◽  
T. R. Jervis ◽  
J.-P. Hirvonen ◽  
M. Nastasi ◽  
T. E. Mitchell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transformation ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Oxidation Resistance ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Molybdenum Disilicide ◽  
High Temperature Strength ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Good Oxidation Resistance ◽  
Structural Applications

MoSi2 is a potential matrix material for high temperature structural composites due to its high melting temperature and good oxidation resistance at elevated temperatures. The two major drawbacksfor structural applications are inadequate high temperature strength and poor low temperature ductility. The search for appropriate composite additions has been the focus of extensive investigations in recent years. The addition of SiC in a nanolayered configuration was shown to exhibit superior oxidation resistance and significant hardness increase through annealing at 500°C. One potential application of MoSi2- SiC multilayers is for high temperature coatings, where structural stability ofthe layering is of major concern. In this study, we have systematically investigated both the evolution of phases and the stability of layers by varying the heat treating conditions.Alternating layers of MoSi2 and SiC were synthesized by DC-magnetron and rf-diode sputtering respectively. Cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (XTEM) was used to examine three distinct reactions in the specimens when exposed to different annealing conditions: crystallization and phase transformation of MoSi2, crystallization of SiC, and spheroidization of the layer structures.

Chemical and structural applications of X-ray absorption spectroscopy in mineralogy

1989 ◽  
Vol 86 ◽  
pp. 1533-1545 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Manceau ◽  
J.M. Combes ◽  
G. Calas
Keyword(s):  
Absorption Spectroscopy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Structural Applications ◽  
X Ray Absorption
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