scholarly journals Reduced nicotine content cigarette advertising: How false beliefs and subjective ratings affect smoking behavior

2017 ◽  
Vol 173 ◽  
pp. 99-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Mercincavage ◽  
Megan L. Saddleson ◽  
Emily Gup ◽  
Angela Halstead ◽  
Darren Mays ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
False Beliefs ◽  
Subjective Ratings ◽  
Nicotine Content ◽  
Cigarette Advertising

scholarly journals The Impact of Gradual and Immediate Nicotine Reduction on Subjective Cigarette Ratings

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S73-S80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracy T Smith ◽  
Eric C Donny ◽  
Xianghua Luo ◽  
Alicia M Allen ◽  
Dana M Carroll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reduction Method ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Smoke Exposure ◽  
Subjective Ratings ◽  
Gradual Reduction ◽  
Nicotine Content ◽  
Reward Value ◽  
Reduction Group ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Nicotine Reduction

Abstract Background A recent clinical trial showed that an immediate transition to very low nicotine content (VLNC) cigarettes, compared with a gradual transition, produced greater reductions in smoking behavior, smoke exposure, and dependence. However, there was less compliance with the instruction to smoke only VLNC cigarettes in the immediate versus gradual reduction condition. The goal of this study was to test whether nicotine reduction method alters subjective ratings of VLNC cigarettes, and whether subjective ratings mediate effects of nicotine reduction method on smoking behavior, smoke exposure, dependence, and compliance. Methods This is a secondary analysis of a randomized trial conducted across 10 sites in the United States. Smokers (n = 1250) were randomized to either a control condition, or to have the nicotine content of their cigarettes reduced immediately or gradually to 0.04 mg nicotine/g of tobacco during a 20-week study period. Participants completed the modified Cigarette Evaluation Questionnaire (mCEQ). Results After Week 20, the immediate reduction group scored significantly lower than the gradual reduction group on multiple subscales of the mCEQ (ps < .001). The Satisfaction subscale of the mCEQ mediated the impact of nicotine reduction method on smoke exposure, smoking behavior, dependence, compliance, and abstinence. Other subscales also mediated a subset of these outcomes. Conclusions An immediate reduction in nicotine content resulted in lower product satisfaction than a gradual reduction, suggesting that immediate reduction further reduces cigarette reward value. This study will provide the Food and Drug Administration with information about the impact of nicotine reduction method on cigarette reward value. Implications These data suggest that an immediate reduction in nicotine content will result in greater reductions in cigarette satisfaction than a gradual reduction, and this reduction in satisfaction is related to changes in smoking behavior and dependence.

scholarly journals Nicotine content and abstinence state have different effects on subjective ratings of positive versus negative reinforcement from smoking

2013 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
pp. 710-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly P. Lindsey ◽  
Bethany K. Bracken ◽  
Robert R. MacLean ◽  
Elizabeth T. Ryan ◽  
Scott E. Lukas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Reinforcement ◽  
Subjective Ratings ◽  
Nicotine Content

scholarly journals Very Low Nicotine Content Cigarettes Disrupt the Feedback Loop of Affective States and Smoking Behavior

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 1294-1300
Author(s):  
Jason D Robinson ◽  
George Kypriotakis ◽  
Mustafa Al’absi ◽  
Rachel L Denlinger-Apte ◽  
David J Drobes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Feedback Loop ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Cigarette Consumption ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Affective States ◽  
Nicotine Content ◽  
Reduction Group ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Nicotine Reduction

Abstract Introduction Smoking to reduce negative affect has been identified as a key motivational feature of tobacco use. Our recent work suggests that smoking very low nicotine content (VLNC) cigarettes reduces the relationship between negative affect and smoking behavior over a 6-week period. Here, we sought to extend our findings by evaluating whether a gradual or immediate approach to switching to VLNC cigarettes led to a differential reduction in the relationship between affect and smoking behavior over a longer (20-week) period. Aims and Methods Participants (n = 1250) were adult smokers from 10 US sites randomized to one of three groups: gradual nicotine reduction (15.5, 11.7, 5.2, 2.4, and 0.4 mg of nicotine per gram of tobacco [mg/g]), immediate nicotine reduction (0.4 mg/g), or standard nicotine content cigarettes (15.5 mg/g; control), for 20 weeks. We examined whether the relationship between affect—both negative and positive—and cigarettes per day differed as a function of reduction group. Results We found that both negative and positive affect were associated with cigarette consumption in the control group, but not in the gradual or immediate reduction groups across the 20 weeks of exposure. Conclusions Our results extend previous findings that switching to VLNC cigarettes disrupts the relationship between affect and cigarette consumption by showing that either gradually or immediately reducing cigarette nicotine content achieves this disruption. These findings provide further evidence that switching to VLNC cigarettes reduces nicotine-related reinforcement of cigarette smoking. Implications These findings support the notion that switching to very low nicotine content cigarettes reduces the association between affect and smoking behavior, and that either a gradual or immediate nicotine reduction approach achieves this reduction. This provides further evidence that switching to very low nicotine content cigarettes weakens reinforcement mechanisms associated with nicotine dependence.

Effects of cigarette nicotine content on smoking behavior of baboons

1985 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter R. Rogers ◽  
Robert L. Wilbur ◽  
Robert L. Bass ◽  
Donald E. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Nicotine Content

scholarly journals DETERMINAN PERILAKU MEROKOK PADA SISWA SMP SWASTA IMMANUEL KABANJAHE TAHUN 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 796-803
Author(s):  
Merlin Hobertin Lawerissa ◽  
Frida Lina Tarigan ◽  
Wisnu Hidayat -
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Peer Influence ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cigarette Advertising ◽  
Phenomenological Design

SMOKING BEHAVIOR IN IMMANUEL KABANJAHE PRIVATE JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS IN 2020 There are many factors that background teenagers into smokers, including intrinsic factors that include gender factors, personality factors, occupational factors and confidence factors. Extrinsic factors include the influence of family and the environment, peer influence, climate influence, cigarette advertising, ease of obtaining cigarettes, absence of regulation, and attitude of health officials. This study aims to find out the factors that influence smoking behavior in private middle school students immanuel kabanjahe in 2020. The type of research used is qualitative research with phenomenological design. The type of research used is qualitative research with phenomenological design. Data collection in the form of in-depth interviews. Determination of informants using purposive sampling method and obtained informant as many as 5 people. The results of this study shows the factors influenced smoking behavior in Private Junior High School student Immanuel Kabanjahe are individual factors, family factors (parenting patterns), family history. Based on the results of the study it is recommended for students to form a community of anti-smoking peers in order to promote about smoking behavior and its dangers to health. For parents to pay more attention to their children. For schools to conduct UKS training activities to BK teachers related to cigarettes and their dangers to health by involving health centers or health services.

scholarly journals Perilaku merokok pasien jantung koroner: studi di rumah sakit Saras Husada

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Debsy Vonneke Pattilima ◽  
Anggoro Budi Hartono ◽  
Trisno Agung Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Coronary Heart Diseases ◽  
Education Data ◽  
Smoking Exposure ◽  
Cigarette Advertising

Smoking behavior of patients with coronary heart diseases: a study in the Saras Husada hospitalPurposeThis study aimed to examine the determinants of smoking behavior in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) in Saras Husada hospital Purworejo.Methods A cross sectional study was conducted involving 205 respondents. Dependent variable was smoking behavior in patients with coronary heart diseases, while independent variables were knowledge about dangers of smoking, exposure to cigarette advertising and smoking behavior of family members with confounding variables: age, sex, and education. Data were collected through interviews using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using bivariate and multivariate tests.ResultsThis study found no correlation of cigarette advertisement exposure, smoking behavior of family members, gender, and education with smoking behavior in CHD patients. Multivariate analysis showed that gender variables influence the determinant of smoking behavior in CHD patients.ConclusionThis study provides knowledge that gender is the strongest determinant affecting smoking behavior in CHD patients. It is necessary to apply the local regulation ban on smoking, especially for men in public places, workplaces and schools.

scholarly journals Smoking Topography Characteristics During a 6-Week Trial of Very Low Nicotine Content Cigarettes in Smokers With Serious Mental Illness

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 1414-1418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel L Denlinger-Apte ◽  
Eric C Donny ◽  
Bruce R Lindgren ◽  
Nathan Rubin ◽  
Christine Goodwin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Serious Mental Illness ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Smoking Topography ◽  
Nicotine Content ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Nicotine Reduction

Abstract Introduction A nicotine-reduction policy could have major benefits for smokers with serious mental illness (SMI). However, potential unintended consequences, such as compensatory smoking, should be considered to ensure that such a policy does not negatively affect this population. The purpose of this secondary analysis was to examine the impact of smoking very low nicotine content (VLNC) cigarettes for 6 weeks on smoking topography characteristics, indicators of compensatory smoking, among smokers with SMI. Aims and Methods After a baseline usual brand smoking phase, smokers with SMI (N = 58) were randomly assigned under double-blind conditions to receive either VLNC (0.4 mg nicotine per g tobacco) or normal nicotine content (NNC; 15.8 mg nicotine per g tobacco) research cigarettes for 6 weeks. During two study visits scheduled 6 weeks apart, participants smoked either their usual brand (baseline) or assigned study cigarettes (postrandomization) through a handheld smoking topography device. Univariate analysis of variance compared smoking topography indices with cigarette condition (VLNC vs. NNC) as the between-subjects factor with corresponding baseline topography results included as covariates. Results At week 6, participants in the VLNC condition smoked fewer puffs per cigarette and had shorter interpuff intervals compared to participants in the NNC condition (ps < .05). There were no differences between research cigarette conditions at week 6 for cigarette volume, puff volume, puff duration, peak flow rate, or carbon monoxide boost. Conclusions Findings are consistent with acute VLNC cigarette topography studies and indicate that a nicotine-reduction policy is unlikely to lead to compensation among smokers with SMI. Implications Given the high smoking rates among people with SMI, understanding how a nicotine-reduction policy may affect this population is critically important. When considering the smoking topography results as a whole, smokers with SMI did not engage in compensatory smoking behavior when using VLNC cigarettes during a 6-week trial. Study findings suggest that compensatory smoking is not likely to occur among smokers with SMI if nicotine content is lowered to minimally addictive levels.

Cigarette nicotine content as a determinant of human smoking behavior

1970 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. L. Goldfarb ◽  
M. E. Jarvik ◽  
S. D. Glick
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Nicotine Content
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document