scholarly journals Addressing the challenge of cold stress resilience with the synergistic effect of Rhizobium inoculation and exogenous melatonin application in Medicago truncatula

2021 ◽  
Vol 226 ◽  
pp. 112816
Author(s):  
Annie Irshad ◽  
Rana Naveed Ur Rehman ◽  
Hafiz Abdul Kareem ◽  
Peizhi Yang ◽  
Tianming Hu
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Medicago Truncatula ◽  
Stress Resilience ◽  
Exogenous Melatonin ◽  
Rhizobium Inoculation

scholarly journals Exogenous melatonin improves growth in hulless barley seedlings under cold stress by influencing the expression rhythms of circadian clock genes

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e10740
Author(s):  
Tianliang Chang ◽  
Yi Zhao ◽  
Hongyan He ◽  
Qianqian Xi ◽  
Jiayi Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Stress ◽  
Circadian Clock ◽  
Clock Genes ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
Hulless Barley ◽  
Exogenous Melatonin ◽  
Physiological Indicators ◽  
Treatment Conditions ◽  
Circadian Clock Genes ◽  
Qinghai Tibet Plateau

Background Melatonin is a hormone substance that exists in various living organisms. Since it was discovered in the pineal gland of cattle in 1956, the function of melatonin in animals has been roughly clarified. Nevertheless, in plants, the research on melatonin is still insufficient. Hulless barley (Hordeum vulgare L. var. nudum hook. f.) is a crop that originates from cultivated barley in the east, usually grown on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, becoming the most important food crop in this area. Although the genome and transcriptome research of highland barley has gradually increased recently years, there are still many problems about how hulless barley adapts to the cold climate of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Methods In this study, we set three temperature conditions 25°C, 15°C, 5°C hulless barley seedlings, and at the same time soaked the hulless barley seeds with a 1 µM melatonin solution for 12 hours before the hulless barley seeds germinated. Afterwards, the growth and physiological indicators of hulless barley seedlings under different treatment conditions were determined. Meanwhile, the qRT-PCR method was used to determine the transcription level of the hulless barley circadian clock genes under different treatment conditions under continuous light conditions. Results The results showed the possible mechanism by which melatonin pretreatment can promote the growth of hulless barley under cold stress conditions by studying the effect of melatonin on the rhythm of the circadian clock system and some physiological indicators. The results revealed that the application of 1 µM melatonin could alleviate the growth inhibition of hulless barley seedlings caused by cold stress. In addition, exogenous melatonin could also restore the circadian rhythmic oscillation of circadian clock genes, such as HvCCA1 and HvTOC1, whose circadian rhythmic phenotypes were lost due to environmental cold stress. Additionally, the results confirmed that exogenous melatonin even reduced the accumulation of key physiological indicators under cold stress, including malondialdehyde and soluble sugars. Discussion Overall, these findings revealed an important mechanism that exogenous melatonin alleviated the inhibition of plant vegetative growths either by restoring the disrupted circadian rhythmic expression oscillations of clock genes, or by regulating the accumulation profiles of pivotal physiological indicators under cold stress.

scholarly journals Exogenous Melatonin Alleviates Cold Stress by Promoting Antioxidant Defense and Redox Homeostasis in Camellia sinensis L.

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Li ◽  
Ji-Peng Wei ◽  
Eric Scott ◽  
Jian-Wei Liu ◽  
Shuai Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Stress ◽  
Camellia Sinensis ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Redox Homeostasis ◽  
Exogenous Melatonin

scholarly journals The Alleviation of Photosynthetic Damage in Tomato under Drought and Cold Stress by High CO2 and Melatonin

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (15) ◽  
pp. 5587
Author(s):  
Rong Zhou ◽  
Hongjian Wan ◽  
Fangling Jiang ◽  
Xiangnan Li ◽  
Xiaqing Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Stress ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Exogenous Melatonin ◽  
Moderate Drought ◽  
Chlorophyll A Content

The atmospheric CO2 concentration (a[CO2]) is increasing at an unprecedented pace. Exogenous melatonin plays positive roles in the response of plants to abiotic stresses, including drought and cold. The effect of elevated CO2 concentration (e[CO2]) accompanied by exogenous melatonin on plants under drought and cold stresses remains unknown. Here, tomato plants were grown under a[CO2] and e[CO2], with half of the plants pre-treated with melatonin. The plants were subsequently treated with drought stress followed by cold stress. The results showed that a decreased net photosynthetic rate (PN) was aggravated by a prolonged water deficit. The PN was partially restored after recovery from drought but stayed low under a successive cold stress. Starch content was downregulated by drought but upregulated by cold. The e[CO2] enhanced PN of the plants under non-stressed conditions, and moderate drought and recovery but not severe drought. Stomatal conductance (gs) and the transpiration rate (E) was less inhibited by drought under e[CO2] than under a[CO2]. Tomato grown under e[CO2] had better leaf cooling than under a[CO2] when subjected to drought. Moreover, melatonin enhanced PN during recovery from drought and cold stress, and enhanced biomass accumulation in tomato under e[CO2]. The chlorophyll a content in plants treated with melatonin was higher than in non-treated plants under e[CO2] during cold stress. Our findings will improve the knowledge on plant responses to abiotic stresses in a future [CO2]-rich environment accompanied by exogenous melatonin.

scholarly journals Hydrogen Peroxide and Nitric Oxide Crosstalk Mediates Brassinosteroids Induced Cold Stress Tolerance in Medicago truncatula

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Arfan ◽  
Da-Wei Zhang ◽  
Li-Juan Zou ◽  
Shi-Shuai Luo ◽  
Wen-Rong Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Medicago Truncatula ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Specific Inhibitor ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
No Production ◽  
Dependent Manner

Brassinosteroids (BRs) play pivotal roles in modulating plant growth, development, and stress responses. In this study, a Medicago truncatula plant pretreated with brassinolide (BL, the most active BR), enhanced cold stress tolerance by regulating the expression of several cold-related genes and antioxidant enzymes activities. Previous studies reported that hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and nitric oxide (NO) are involved during environmental stress conditions. However, how these two signaling molecules interact with each other in BRs-induced abiotic stress tolerance remain largely unclear. BL-pretreatment induced, while brassinazole (BRZ, a specific inhibitor of BRs biosynthesis) reduced H2O2 and NO production. Further, application of dimethylthiourea (DMTU, a H2O2 and OH− scavenger) blocked BRs-induced NO production, but BRs-induced H2O2 generation was not sensitive to 2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (PTIO, a scavenger of NO). Moreover, pretreatment with DMTU and PTIO decreased BL-induced mitochondrial alternative oxidase (AOX) and the photosystem capacity. However, pretreatment with PTIO was found to be more effective than DMTU in reducing BRs-induced increases in Valt, Vt, and MtAOX1 gene expression. Similarly, BRs-induced photosystem II efficiency was found in NO dependent manner than H2O2. Finally, we conclude that H2O2 was involved in NO generation, whereas NO was found to be crucial in BRs-induced AOX capacity, which further contributed to the protection of the photosystem under cold stress conditions in Medicago truncatula.

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Characterization, Evolution, and Expression Analysis of the Leucine-Rich Repeat Receptor-Like Protein Kinase (LRR-RLK) Gene Family in Medicago truncatula

Life ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Meng ◽  
Jie Yang ◽  
Mengdi Peng ◽  
Xiaolin Liu ◽  
Hengbin He
Keyword(s):  
Gene Family ◽  
Medicago Truncatula ◽  
Leucine Rich Repeat ◽  
Nod Factor ◽  
Rhizobium Inoculation ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Rnaseq Data ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Tandem Duplications

Leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinases (LRR-RLKs) constitute the largest subfamily of receptor-like kinases (RLKs) in plants. They play roles in plant growth and developmental and physiological processes, but less is known about the functions of LRR-RLKs in Medicago truncatula. Our genome-wide analysis revealed 329 LRR-RLK genes in the M.truncatula genome. Phylogenetic and classification analysis suggested that these genes could be classified into 15 groups and 24 subgroups. A total of 321 genes were mapped onto all chromosomes, and 23 tandem duplications (TDs) involving 56 genes were distributed on each chromosome except 4. Twenty-seven M.truncatula LRR-RLK segmental duplication gene pairs were colinearly related. The exon/intron organization, motif composition and arrangements were relatively conserved among members of the same groups or subgroups. Using publicly available RNAseq data and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), expression profiling suggested that LRR-RLKs were differentially expressed among different tissues, while some were expressed specifically in the roots and nodules. The expression of LRR-RLKs in A17 and 4 nodule mutants under rhizobial infection showed that 36 LRR-RKLs were highly upregulated in the sickle (skl) mutant [an ethylene (ET)-insensitive, Nod factor-hypersensitive mutant] after 12 h of rhizobium inoculation. Among these LRR-RLKs, six genes were also expressed specifically in the roots and nodules, which might be specific to the Nod factor and involved in autoregulation of the nodulation signal. Our results provide information on the LRR-RLK gene family in M. truncatula and serve as a guide for functional research of the LRR-RLKs.

scholarly journals Comparative photosynthetic and metabolic analyses reveal mechanism of improved cold stress tolerance in bermudagrass by exogenous melatonin

2016 ◽  
Vol 100 ◽  
pp. 94-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengrong Hu ◽  
Jibiao Fan ◽  
Yan Xie ◽  
Erick Amombo ◽  
Ao Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Exogenous Melatonin

scholarly journals Exogenous melatonin Action on hormonal levels, implantation sites and Mel1a receptor expression and PRL-II in ovaries of pinealectomized rats induced hyperprolactinemia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda das Chagas Angelo Mendes Tenório ◽  
Marcos Aurélio Santos Costa ◽  
Diana Babini Lapa de Albuquerque Britto ◽  
Maria Luísa Figueira Oliveira ◽  
Geovanna Hachyra Facundo Guedes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Exogenous Melatonin ◽  
The Third ◽  
Implantation Sites ◽  
Implantation Process ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Hormonal Levels

Abstract The study evaluated the effect of exogenous melatonin and the induction of hyperprolactinemia on estrogen, prolactin and progesterone levels, implantation sites and expression of Mel1a and PRL-II receptors in pinealectomized rats ovaries, during the third Initial pregnancy. We Used 35 rats divided into groups: I-rats Sham-pinealectomized (Sham); II – pinealectomized rats (P); III-pinealectomized rats treated with melatonin (P + Honey); IV-pinealectomized rats treated with domperidone (P + Domp); Pinealectomized V-rats treated with melatonin and domperidone (P + Honey/Domp); VI-rats treated with saline + ethanol (placebo honey) and VII-rats treated with saline solution (placebo domp). Melatonin (200μg/100g) and/or Domperidone (4mg/kg) was applied until the 7th day of gestation. The expression of the MEL1A receptor was low in the ovaries of rats P and P + Mel. The PRL-II receptor did not present differences between the groups as well as in the estrogen levels. Prolactin levels were elevated in rats treated with domperidone, while progesterone showed low levels in rats P and P + Domp. The weight and number of implantation sites were reduced in rats P and P + Mel, with no alteration in the weight of the ovaries. Thus, it is concluded that Hyperprolactinemia promotes an increase in the expression of the Mel1a receptor in the ovaries, at the beginning of pregnancy in pinealectomized rats, however without altering the expression of the PRLII receptor. In These animals, prolactin levels were kept elevated regardless of the presence or absence of melatonin, but there seems to be a synergistic effect when melatonin is associated with hyperprolactinemia and that melatonin is a preponderant factor for Maintenance of progesterone levels. Prolactin seems to play an important role during the implantation process.

Direct and Moderated Relationships Among Stress, Resilience, Neuroticism, Stigma, and PTSD

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel M. De La Rosa ◽  
Scott L. Johnston ◽  
Jennifer Webb-Murphy ◽  
Stephanie Raducha ◽  
Elizabeth Vishniak
Keyword(s):  
Stress Resilience
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