scholarly journals Constructal thermodynamic optimization for a novel Kalina-organic Rankine combined cycle to utilize waste heat

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 6095-6106
Author(s):  
Zhixiang Wu ◽  
Lingen Chen ◽  
Huijun Feng ◽  
Yanlin Ge
Keyword(s):  
Waste Heat ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Thermodynamic Optimization

Modern opportunities for preparation of ultra-pure water for feeding high-performance boiler plants

2020 ◽  
pp. 74-84
Author(s):  
A.A. Filimonova ◽  
◽  
N.D. Chichirova ◽  
A.A. Chichirov ◽  
A.A. Batalova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
Operational Characteristics ◽  
Treatment Equipment

The article provides an overview of modern high-performance combined-cycle plants and gas turbine plants with waste heat boilers. The forecast for the introduction of gas turbine equipment at TPPs in the world and in Russia is presented. The classification of gas turbines according to the degree of energy efficiency and operational characteristics is given. Waste heat boilers are characterized in terms of design and associated performance and efficiency. To achieve high operating parameters of gas turbine and boiler equipment, it is necessary to use, among other things, modern water treatment equipment. The article discusses modern effective technologies, the leading place among which is occupied by membrane, and especially baromembrane methods of preparing feed water-waste heat boilers. At the same time, the ion exchange technology remains one of the most demanded at TPPs in the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals Thermo-economic comparative analysis of gas turbine GT10 integrated with air and steam bottoming cycle

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 83-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Czaja ◽  
Tadeusz Chmielnak ◽  
Sebastian Lepszy
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Small Range ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Thermodynamic Optimization ◽  
Technological Structure ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract A thermodynamic and economic analysis of a GT10 gas turbine integrated with the air bottoming cycle is presented. The results are compared to commercially available combined cycle power plants based on the same gas turbine. The systems under analysis have a better chance of competing with steam bottoming cycle configurations in a small range of the power output capacity. The aim of the calculations is to determine the final cost of electricity generated by the gas turbine air bottoming cycle based on a 25 MW GT10 gas turbine with the exhaust gas mass flow rate of about 80 kg/s. The article shows the results of thermodynamic optimization of the selection of the technological structure of gas turbine air bottoming cycle and of a comparative economic analysis. Quantities are determined that have a decisive impact on the considered units profitability and competitiveness compared to the popular technology based on the steam bottoming cycle. The ultimate quantity that can be compared in the calculations is the cost of 1 MWh of electricity. It should be noted that the systems analyzed herein are power plants where electricity is the only generated product. The performed calculations do not take account of any other (potential) revenues from the sale of energy origin certificates. Keywords: Gas turbine air bottoming cycle, Air bottoming cycle, Gas turbine, GT10

Gas Turbine Control System Integration for Royal Caribbean Millennium Class Cruise Liner

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Olsheski ◽  
William W. Schulke
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Direct Drive ◽  
Dynamic Features ◽  
Turbine Generator ◽  
Marine Propulsion ◽  
Prime Movers

Traditionally commercial marine propulsion needs have been met with direct drive reciprocating prime movers. In order to increase efficiency, simplify installation and maintenance accessibility, and increase cargo / passenger capacity; indirect electric drive gas and steam turbine combined cycle prime movers are being introduced to marine propulsion systems. One such application is the Royal Caribbean Cruise Line (RCCL) Millennium Class ship. This commercial vessel has two aero-derivative gas turbine generator sets with a single waste heat recovery steam turbine generator set. Each is controlled by independent microprocessor based digital control systems. This paper addresses only the gas turbine control system architecture and the unique safety and dynamic features that are integrated into the control system for this application.

Lignite-Fired Combined Cycle Power Plant With ACPFBC: Concept and Thermodynamic Calculations

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Joachim Krautz ◽  
Rolf Chalupnik ◽  
Franz Stuhlmu¨ller
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Basic Function ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Thermodynamic Calculations ◽  
Test Plant ◽  
Coal Conversion

A 200 kWth test plant was constructed by BTU Cottbus for the purpose of developing a special variant of coal conversion based on 2nd generation PFBC. This concept, primarily to be used for generating power from lignite, employs a circulating type fluidized bed and is characterized by a design that combines the two air-blown steps “partial gasification” and “residual char combustion” in a single component. The subject of this paper is to develop an overall power plant concept based on this process, and to perform the associated thermodynamic calculations. In addition to the base concept with one large heavy-duty Siemens gas turbine V94.3A fired with Lausitz dried lignite (19% H2O), further versions with variation of Siemens gas turbine model (V94.3A and V64.3A), the water content of the fuel fired (raw lignite with more than 52% H2O or dried lignite) as well as the method of drying the coal were investigated. Common assumptions for all versions were ISO conditions for the ambient air and a condenser pressure of 0.05 bar. As expected, the calculations yielded very attractive net efficiencies of almost 50% (LHV based) for a variant with the small V64.3A gas turbine and up to more than 55% for the large plants with the V94.3A gas turbine. It was further demonstrated that thermodynamic integration of an advanced, innovative coal drying process (e.g. fluidized-bed drying with waste heat utilization) causes an additional gain in net efficiency of about three percentage points compared with the variant of firing lignite that was first dried externally. In addition to the basic function of the coal conversion system, it was necessary to also assume preconditions such as complete carbon conversion, reliable hot gas cleaning facilities and fuel gas properties that are acceptable for combustion in the gas turbine. Put abstract text here.

New Free-Piston Topping Cycle for Gas-Turbine Power Plants

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
William L. Kopko ◽  
John S. Hoffman
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Complete Recovery ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Piston Engine ◽  
Free Piston ◽  
Free Piston Engine ◽  
Topping Cycle

A proposed topping cycle inserts a free-piston internal-combustion engine between the compressor and the combustor of a combustion turbine. The topping cycle diverts air from the compressor to supercharge the free-piston engine. Because the free-piston engine uses gas bearings to support the piston and is built of high-temperature materials, the engine can increase the pressure and temperature of the gas, exhausting it to a small expander that produces power. The exhaust from the topping-cycle expander is at a pressure that can be re-introduced to the main turbine, allowing almost complete recovery of waste heat. A capacity increase exceeding 35% is possible, and overall cycle efficiency can approach 70% when incorporated into a state-of-the-art combined-cycle plant. The cost of per incremental kW of the topping cycle can be dramatically lower than that of the base turbine because of the high power density and simplicity of the engine. Building on decades of progress in combustion turbines systems, the new cycle promises high performance without the engineering risks of manufacturing a completely new cycle.

Combined Cycle and Waste Heat Recovery Power Systems Based on a Novel Thermodynamic Energy Cycle Utilizing Low-Temperature Heat for Power Generation

1983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander I. Kalina
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
General Motors ◽  
Energy Prices ◽  
Cycle System ◽  
Energy Cycle ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Thermodynamic Energy

A new thermodynamic energy cycle has been developed, using a multicomponent working agent. Condensation is supplemented with absorption, following expansion in the turbine. Several combined power systems based on this cycle have been designed and cost-estimated. Efficiencies of these new systems are 1.35 to 1.5 times higher than the best Rankine Cycle system, at the same border conditions. Investment cost per unit of power output is about two-thirds of the cost of a comparable Rankine Cycle system. Results make cogeneration economically attractive at current energy prices. The first experimental installation is planned by Fayette Manufacturing Company and Detroit Diesel Allison Division of General Motors.

Efficiency Improvement of Natural Gas Combined Cycle Power Plant With CO2 Capturing and Sequestration

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah Al-Abdulkarem ◽  
Yunho Hwang ◽  
Reinhard Radermacher
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Co2 Removal ◽  
Efficiency Improvement ◽  
Absorption Chillers ◽  
Natural Gas Combined Cycle

Although natural gas is considered as a clean fuel compared to coal, natural gas combined cycles (NGCC) emit high amounts of CO2 at the plant site. To mitigate global warming caused by the increase in atmospheric CO2, CO2 capture and sequestration (CCS) using amine absorption is proposed. However, implementing this CCS system increases the energy consumption by about 15–20%. Innovative processes integration and waste heat utilization can be used to improve the energy efficiency. Four waste heat sources and five potential uses were uncovered and compared using a parameter defined as the ratio of power gain to waste heat. A new integrated CCS configuration is proposed, which integrates the NGCC with the CO2 removal and CO2 compression cycles. HYSYS simulation software was used to simulate the CO2 removal cycle using monoethanolamine (MEA) solution, NGCC, CO2 compression cycle, CO2 liquefaction cycles and Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC). The developed models were validated against experimental data from the literature with good agreements. Two NGCC with steam extraction configurations were optimized using Matlab GA tool coupled with HYSYS simulation software. Efficiency improvement in one of the proposed CCS configurations that uses the available waste heat in absorption chillers to cool the inlet-air to the gas turbine and to run an ORC, and uses the developed CO2 liquefaction and pumping instead of multistage compression is 6.04 percent point, which represents 25.91 MW more power than the conventional CCS configuration.

scholarly journals Technologies for Waste Heat Recovery in Off-Shore Applications

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Pierobon ◽  
Fredrik Haglind ◽  
Rambabu Kandepu ◽  
Alessandro Fermi ◽  
Nicola Rossetti
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Payback Time ◽  
Low Weight

In off-shore oil and gas platforms the selection of the gas turbine to support the electrical and mechanical demand on site is often a compromise between reliability, efficiency, compactness, low weight and fuel flexibility. Therefore, recovering the waste heat in off-shore platforms presents both technological and economic challenges that need to be overcome. However, onshore established technologies such as the steam Rankine cycle, the air bottoming cycle and the organic Rankine cycle can be tailored to recover the exhaust heat off-shore. In the present paper, benefits and challenges of these three different technologies are presented, considering the Draugen platform in the North Sea as a base case. The Turboden 65-HRS unit is considered as representative of the organic Rankine cycle technology. Air bottoming cycles are analyzed and optimal design pressure ratios are selected. We also study a one pressure level steam Rankine cycle employing the once-through heat recovery steam generator without bypass stack. We compare the three technologies considering the combined cycle thermal efficiency, the weight, the net present value, the profitability index and payback time. Both incomes related to CO2 taxes and natural gas savings are considered. The results indicate that the Turboden 65-HRS unit is the optimal technology, resulting in a combined cycle thermal efficiency of 41.5% and a net present value of around 15 M$, corresponding to a payback time of approximately 4.5 years. The total weight of the unit is expected to be around 250 ton. The air bottoming cycle without intercooling is also a possible alternative due to its low weight (76 ton) and low investment cost (8.8 M$). However, cycle performance and profitability index are poorer, 12.1% and 0.75. Furthermore, the results suggest that the once-trough single pressure steam cycle has a combined cycle thermal efficiency of 40.8% and net present value of 13.5 M$. The total weight of the steam Rankine cycle is estimated to be around 170 ton.

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