Effects of vitamin D supplementation on body fat accumulation, inflammation, and metabolic risk factors in obese adults with low vitamin D levels — Results from a randomized trial

Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of cardio-metabolic risk factors in apparently healthy Saudi women with vitamin D deficiency. Study Design: A retrospective chart review. Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted in the Center of Excellence for Osteoporosis Research (CEOR), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, between June 2015 to October 2015. Methodology: Healthy women 20–40 years old, with no history of previous illnesses and not on any medications were included in this study. Data on anthropometric measurements as well as blood pressure (BP) were obtained. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Laboratory results including fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting lipid profile, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3) and parathyroid hormone (PTH) were also obtained. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as 25(OH)D3 concentration <50 nmol/l. Modified NCEP:ATPIII criteria were used to define cardio-metabolic risk factor cutoff points. Results: A total of 305 women were included in the current analysis. Mean (± S.D.) age of the study group was 28.4±6.1 years and median (IQR) 25(OH)D3 was 17.8 (11.9–28.2) nmol/l. Almost 97% of the study participants were vitamin D deficient and 70% had values below 25 nmol/l. 25(OH)D3 was significantly inversely associated with waist circumference, systolic and diastolic BP and PTH (P=0.011, <0.0001, <0.0001, <0.0001, respectively). Prevalence of cardio-metabolic risk factors were higher among participants who fell in the lowest tertile of 25(OH)D3 except total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol, however only higher PTH was statistically significant (P=0.022). Conclusion: The results of the present study confirm the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among otherwise healthy Saudi women. The results also suggest that the prevalence of selected cardio-metabolic risk factors is higher among those with low vitamin D status. Prospective studies are needed to determine whether such deficiency will be of clinical significance with advancing age in this population, and whether vitamin D supplementation has beneficial effects.

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High-dose vitamin D supplementation is associated with an improvement in several cardio-metabolic risk factors in adolescent girls: a nine-week follow-up study

Annals of Clinical Biochemistry International Journal of Laboratory Medicine ◽

10.1177/0004563217707784 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 55 (2) ◽

pp. 227-235 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Sayyed Saeed Khayyatzadeh ◽

Seyed Jamal Mirmoosavi ◽

Mostafa Fazeli ◽

Zahra Abasalti ◽

Amir Avan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Adolescent Girls ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Vitamin D Supplementation ◽

Metabolic Risk Factors ◽

High Dose ◽

Metabolic Risk ◽

High Dose Vitamin

Background Vitamin D deficiency is a prevalent and important global health problem. Because of its role in growth and development, vitamin D status is likely to be particularly important in adolescent girls. Here, we explored the effects of high-dose vitamin D supplementation on cardio-metabolic risk factors. Methods We have examined the effects of vitamin D supplementation on cardio-metabolic risk factors in 988 healthy adolescent girls in Iran. Fasting blood samples and anthropometric measurements were obtained at baseline and after supplementation with high-dose vitamin D. All individuals took a capsule of 50,000 IU vitamin D/week for nine weeks. The study was completed by 940 participants. Results The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was 90% at baseline, reducing to 16.3% after vitamin D supplementation. Vitamin supplementation was associated with a significant increase in serum concentrations of 25 (OH) vitamin D and calcium. There were significant reductions in diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, waist circumference and serum fasting blood glucose, total- and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol after the nine-week period on vitamin D treatment, but no significant effects were observed on body mass index, systolic blood pressure or serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride. Conclusion Vitamin D supplementation had beneficial effects on cardio-metabolic profile in adolescent girls.

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Vitamin D status and associated metabolic risk factors among North Korean refugees in South Korea: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2015-009140 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 5 (11) ◽

pp. e009140 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Kyeong Jin Kim ◽

Yoon Jung Kim ◽

Sun Hwa Kim ◽

Jee Hyun An ◽

Hye Jin Yoo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Vitamin D ◽

South Korea ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Metabolic Risk Factors ◽

Metabolic Risk ◽

Vitamin D Status ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

North Korean Refugees

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Dietary quality indices modifies the effects of melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) rs17782313 polymorphism on cardio-metabolic risk factors and hypothalamic hormones in obese adults

BMC Cardiovascular Disorders ◽

10.1186/s12872-020-01366-8 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mahdieh Khodarahmi ◽

Houman Kahroba ◽

Mohammad Asghari Jafarabadi ◽

Mehran Mesgari-Abbasi ◽

Mahdieh Abbasalizad Farhangi

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Metabolic Risk Factors ◽

Dietary Quality ◽

Metabolic Risk ◽

Quality Indices ◽

Obese Adults ◽

Hypothalamic Hormones ◽

Melanocortin 4 Receptor ◽

Mc4r Rs17782313

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Effect of Almond Consumption on Metabolic Risk Factors - Glucose, Hyperinsulinemia, Inflammatory Markers: A Randomized Controlled Trial in 16–25 year olds in Mumbai City

Current Developments in Nutrition ◽

10.1093/cdn/nzaa061_075 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. 1447-1447

Author(s):

Jagmeet Madan ◽

Panchali Moitra ◽

Sharvari Desai ◽

Sheryl Salis ◽

Rekha Battalwar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

At Risk ◽

Young Adults ◽

Body Fat ◽

Inflammatory Markers ◽

Metabolic Risk Factors ◽

Control Group ◽

Metabolic Risk ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Mumbai City

Abstract Objectives A large percentage of Indian population has diabetes or is at risk of pre-diabetes. Almond consumption has shown benefits on cardio metabolic risk factors in adults. The present study explored the effect of almond consumption on determinants of metabolic dysfunction - blood glucose, insulin, selected inflammatory markers and oxidant damage in adolescents and young adults aged 16–25 years from Mumbai city. Daily almond consumption will reduce insulin levels, selected pro-inflammatory markers, improve lipid profile of 16–25 year old persons. Methods This cluster randomized trial was conducted on individuals with impaired levels of glucose (fasting glucose (5.6–6.9 mmol/L), 2 h post-glucose (7.8–11.0 mmol/L) and/or insulin (fasting insulin(≥15 mIU/ml)/glucose challenge insulin(≥80 mIU/ml). 421 individuals were selected after screening 1313 individuals. The almonds group (n = 107) consumed 56gm almonds daily for 90 days and was compared with a control group (n = 112) who consumed an iso-caloric snack for the same period. Blood samples were analysed at baseline, endline for glucose, insulin, HbA1C, LDL, HDL, TC, ox-LDL, TG, hs-CRP, IL-6, TNF-α, adiponectin, leptin. Body fat (%), visceral fat, weight, were measured. HOMA-IR, FG: FI ratio, BMI, WHR, WHtR were calculated. Dietary intakes were assessed at baseline, endline using 24-hour recall. Results Baseline values for all measurements, macronutrient intakes did not differ significantly between the two groups. Changes in anthropometric measurements between baseline and endline were not significantly different in both groups. Percent body fat increased in both groups but was four times more in the control than the almonds group. Almond consumption significantly decreased HbA1C, total cholesterol, LDL-C, IL-6. Stimulated insulin decreased post-intervention in both groups, but was greater in almonds group. FG: FI ratio decreased in almonds group. TNF-α decreased in almonds group while it increased in control group. Conclusions The present study shows the directionality for almond consumption to reduce inflammatory markers, total, LDL cholesterol levels and HbA1C levels in adolescents and young adults who were at risk for developing diabetes. Thus, almonds can be considered as one of the food-based strategies for preventing pre-diabetes. Funding Sources Research grant from Almond Board of California.

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Demographic Characteristics, Risk Factors, and Presenting Features of Children with Symptomatic Nutritional Rickets: A French Series

Hormone Research in Paediatrics ◽

10.1159/000511419 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 93 (5) ◽

pp. 304-312

Author(s):

Claire Flot ◽

Valérie Porquet-Bordes ◽

Justine Bacchetta ◽

Anya Rothenbuhler ◽

Anne Lienhardt-Roussie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Pediatric Population ◽

Vitamin D Supplementation ◽

Demographic Characteristics ◽

Total Serum ◽

Nutritional Rickets ◽

Total Serum Calcium ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

25 Hydroxy Vitamin D

Aim: To describe the demographic characteristics, risk factors, and presenting features of children with symptomatic nutritional rickets in France. Methods: This is a retrospective study of 38 children diagnosed with nutritional rickets from 1998 to 2019. Results: We observed a higher frequency of rickets in males (74 vs. 26%), in young children (median age at diagnosis: 23 months; 82% were younger than 5 years), and in children with a non-Caucasian ethnic background (89%). Most children were exclusively breastfed (78%) without adequate vitamin D supplementation (89%). The most common presentations were bowed legs (63%), hypocalcemic seizures (21%), and growth retardation (11%). Approximately half (62%) of the children were hypocalcemic. The children presenting with hypocalcemic seizures were significantly younger (0.8 vs. 2.2 years; p = 0.041) and had lower total serum calcium levels (1.44 vs. 2.17 mmol/L; p < 0.0001), higher phosphatemia (1.43 vs. 1.23 mmol/L; p = 0.020), and lower 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels (3 vs. 7 ng/mL; p = 0.020) but similar parathyroid hormone levels (357 vs. 289 ng/mL; p = 0.940) compared to rickets cases who did not experience hypocalcemic seizures. A dilated cardiomyopathy was detected in 14% of the children who had undergone echocardiography. Conclusion: Nutritional rickets remains endemic in the pediatric population and its most severe forms can have life-threatening sequelae. Health practitioners need to be cognizant of these facts to raise awareness and screen high-risk populations.

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