The coating layer structure of commercial chrome plates

2015 ◽  
Vol 202 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Coating Layer ◽  
Layer Structure

Analysis of Coating Pore Structure and its Effect on Printability of Low Gloss Coated Paper

2011 ◽  
Vol 236-238 ◽  
pp. 1178-1182
Author(s):  
Yan Xin Liu ◽  
Yu Long Wang ◽  
Shen Tao Qin ◽  
Fei Fei Liu
Keyword(s):  
Pore Structure ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Pore Volume ◽  
Coating Layer ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
Capillary Absorption ◽  
Coated Paper ◽  
Base Paper ◽  
Small Pore ◽  
Coating Color

Coating pore structure of low gloss coated paper based on different pigment blends was analyzed using mercury intrusion method in this paper. The results show that pore size of coating layer structure of low gloss coated paper ranges from 20nm-500nm, and the range from 500nm-5000nm is mainly from base paper and interactions between coating color and base paper. Printability of coated paper can be well related with coating pore structure. Print gloss is strongly influenced by pore size and pore volume. Large pore diameters and small pore volume of coating layer structure can improve print gloss. Ink density increases with the increasing of pore diameter while the pore volume is kept constant. The increasing of pore volume of coat layer structure will improve capillary absorption and then improve ink absorption. The control of coating pore structure is very important for producing low gloss coated paper.

Influence of drying strategy on coating layer structure formation

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders Sand ◽  
Martti Toivakka ◽  
Tuomo Hjelt
Keyword(s):  
Structure Formation ◽  
Coating Layer ◽  
Layer Structure

Study on Coating Surface Topography and Properties of Coated Paper Related to Pigment

2012 ◽  
Vol 466-467 ◽  
pp. 504-507
Author(s):  
Ying Li ◽  
Bei Hai He
Keyword(s):  
Surface Topography ◽  
Surface Properties ◽  
Coating Layer ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical Structure ◽  
Coated Paper ◽  
Paper Surface ◽  
Coating Surface ◽  
Printing Ink

The physical structure and chemical properties of coating layer have an important influence on transferring and setting of the printing ink. In this study, the effect of pigment on coating layer structure and surface properties was investigated. The surface topography was explored using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The findings indicated that the pigment affected the pore size, depth and distribution of the coated paper surface. The conclusions were drawn that coating could improve coating surface topography and calcium carbonate pigment compared with kaolin pigment was not good to the paper surface properties, which resulted in high roughness, low paper gloss, high ink absorption and low paper surface efficiency.

Barrier properties created by dispersion coating

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 45-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROGER BOLLSTRÖM ◽  
ROGER NYQVIST ◽  
JANET PRESTON ◽  
PEKKA SALMINEN ◽  
MARTTI TOIVAKKA
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Organic Solvent ◽  
Focused Ion Beam ◽  
Coating Layer ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Particle Orientation ◽  
Coating Materials

The objective of this work was to gain insight into 1) how a coating layer with barrier properties is built up, 2) how different polymer dispersions and pigments function as a barrier against gases and fluids, and 3) how the thickness and evenness of the coating layer affect barrier properties. In addition to tests for permeability of water vapor, barrier properties required for functional applications (i.e., against solvents and acids) were studied. Permeability of an organic solvent (ortho-dichlorobenzene) and hydrochloric acid was studied as a function of barrier layer structure. Providing a barrier to these materials is important in the processing of printing functionality on paper. Pigment particle orientation and tortuosity were examined by infrared spectroscopy and by high-resolution, focused ion beam milling and imaging. The barrier properties were influenced by the thickness and evenness of the coating layer and the mass ratio between the pigment and latex. A barrier against water vapor did not always ensure a barrier against the organic solvent or the acid. In addition to barrier properties, the choice of coating materials affects coatability and may provide possibilities for cost savings.

scholarly journals Studies of Buried Layers and Interfaces of Tungsten Carbide Coatings on the MWCNT Surface by XPS and NEXAFS Spectroscopy

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (14) ◽  
pp. 4736
Author(s):  
Danil Sivkov ◽  
Sergey Nekipelov ◽  
Olga Petrova ◽  
Alexander Vinogradov ◽  
Alena Mingaleva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tungsten Carbide ◽  
Outer Surface ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Coating Layer ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
Charge Compensation ◽  
Material Surface ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Mwcnt Surface ◽  
Nexafs Spectroscopy

Currently, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is widely used to characterize the nanostructured material surface. The ability to determine the atom distribution and chemical state with depth without the sample destruction is important for studying the internal structure of the coating layer several nanometers thick, and makes XPS the preferable tool for the non-destructive testing of nanostructured systems. In this work, ultra-soft X-ray spectroscopy methods are used to study hidden layers and interfaces of pyrolytic tungsten carbide nanoscale coatings on the multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) surfaces. XPS measurements were performed using laboratory spectrometers with sample charge compensation, and Near Edge X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (NEXAFS) studies using the Russian–German dipole beamline (RGBL) synchrotron radiation at BESSY-II. The studied samples were tested by scanning and transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffractometry, Raman scattering and NEXAFS spectroscopy. It was shown that the interface between MWCNT and the pyrolytic coating of tungsten carbide has a three-layer structure: (i) an interface layer consisting of the outer graphene layer carbon atoms, forming bonds with oxygen atoms from the oxides adsorbed on the MWCNT surface, and tungsten atoms from the coating layer; (ii) a non-stoichiometric tungsten carbide WC1-x nanoscale particles layer; (iii) a 3.3 nm thick non-stoichiometric tungsten oxide WO3-x layer on the WC1-x/MWCNT nanocomposite outer surface, formed in air. The tungsten carbide nanosized particle’s adhesion to the nanotube outer surface is ensured by the formation of a chemical bond between the carbon atoms from the MWCNT upper layer and the tungsten atoms from the coating layer.

Magnetic Film Analysis by RBS, PIXE, HFS and NRA

2002 ◽  
Vol 721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luncun Wei
Keyword(s):  
Coating Layer ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
Magnetic Film ◽  
Nuclear Reaction Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Depth Profiles ◽  
Magnetic Layers ◽  
Nitrogen Contents ◽  
Magnetic Coating

AbstractCharacterization of thin magnetic coating layer is always challenging, different analytical methods are required to characterize layer structure and composition. In the present paper, Rutherford backscattering (RBS)[1], particle induced x-ray emission (PIXE)[2], hydrogen forward scattering (HFS)[3] and nuclear reaction analysis (NRA)[4] are used to measure three typical magnetic film structures and coating layer. Carbon, oxygen, nitrogen contents are measured by deuteron NRA and hydrogen content by HFS. Magnetic layers beneath diamond-like carbon (DLC) layer are characterized by RBS and PIXE: PIXE for relative ratios of Cr, Fe, Co and Ni, and RBS for thickness and depth profiles. The analytical results of one test example shown in this paper demonstrate that the combination of these four methods can give complete and precise layer structure and composition.

scholarly journals THz-TDS Reflection Measurement of Coating Thicknesses at Non-Perpendicular Incidence: Experiment and Simulation

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 3473
Author(s):  
Ruben Burger ◽  
Julia Frisch ◽  
Matthias Hübner ◽  
Matthias Goldammer ◽  
Ole Peters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Coating Layer ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Dielectric Materials ◽  
Thickness Measurement ◽  
Average Error ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Perpendicular Incidence

Time-domain spectroscopy (TDS) in the terahertz (THz) frequency range is gaining in importance in nondestructive testing of dielectric materials. One application is the layer thickness measurement of a coating layer. To determine the thickness from the measurement data, the refractive index of the coating layer must be known in the surveyed frequency range. For perpendicular incidence of the radiation, methods exist to extract the refractive index from the measurement data themselves without prior knowledge. This paper extends these methods for non-perpendicular incidence, where the polarization of the radiation becomes important. Furthermore, modifications considering effects of surface roughness of the coating are introduced. The new methods are verified using measurement data of a sample of Inconel steel coated with yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) and with COMSOL simulations of the measurement setup. To validate the thickness measurements, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the layer structure are used. The results show good agreement with an average error of 1% for the simulation data and under 4% for the experimental data compared to reference measurements.

scholarly journals THz-TDS Reflection Measurement of Coating Thicknesses at Non-Perpendicular Incidence: Experiment and Simulation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruben Burger ◽  
Julia Frisch ◽  
Matthias Hübner ◽  
Matthias Goldammer ◽  
Ole Peters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Coating Layer ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Dielectric Materials ◽  
Thickness Measurement ◽  
Average Error ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Perpendicular Incidence

Time-domain spectroscopy (TDS) in the Terahertz (THz) frequency range is gaining in importance in nondestructive testing of dielectric materials. One application is the layer thickness measurement of a coating layer. To determine the thickness from the measurement data, the refractive index of the coating layer must be known in the surveyed frequency range. For perpendicular incidence of the radiation, methods exist to extract the refractive index from the measurement data itself without prior knowledge. This paper extends these methods for non-perpendicular incidence, where the polarization of the radiation becomes important. Furthermore, modifications considering effects of surface roughness of the coating are introduced. The new methods are verified using measurement data of a sample of Inconel steel coated with yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) and with COMSOL simulations of the measurement setup. To validate the thickness measurements, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the layer structure are used. The results show good agreement with an average error of 1% for the simulation data and under 4% for the experimental data compared to reference measurements.

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