Risk factors of major depression in the elderly

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reinhard Heun ◽  
Sandra Hein
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Depressive Episode ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Somatoform Disorders ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Subjective Memory ◽  
Subjective Memory Impairment ◽  
Increased Risk

AbstractBackgroundSeveral risk factors of depression have been identified in retrospective as well as some prospective studies in the elderly. Confirmation in independent samples is needed. The present follow-up study prospectively investigated risk factors of depression in an elderly German sample.MethodsOne thousand four hundred and thirty-one subjects from a family study were re-investigated after 4.7 ± 2.5 years. Bivariate and multivariate forward logistic regression analyses were used to identify risk factors of the development of new depression in the elderly.ResultsRisk factors of a new depressive episode in 1408 elderly without current depression were age, female gender, a previous depression, subjective memory impairment, previous anxiety and somatoform disorders. The presence of dementia or mild cognitive impairment were significant risk factors in bivariate, but not multivariate analysis controlling for possible confounding. Risk factors of a first geriatric depressive episode were age, gender and subjective memory impairment; age remained the only significant risk factor in multivariate analysis.ConclusionsThis investigation confirms previous studies from other countries concerning the relevance of risk factors for depression in the elderly. The knowledge of risk factors might help identify subjects at increased risk of depression for early intervention approaches. Elderly with a history of previous depression carry the highest risk.

Subjective Memory Impairment. A review of its definitions indicates the need for a comprehensive set of standardised and validated criteria

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 321-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled Abdulrab ◽  
Reinhard Heun
Keyword(s):  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Predictive Power ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Subjective Memory ◽  
Standard Definition ◽  
Subjective Memory Impairment ◽  
Literature Searches ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Published Research

AbstractBackgroundSubjective Memory Impairment (SMI) may hold value in the elderly as a predictor of dementia. There is yet to exist any standard definition of SMI for use in research or for clinical practice.ObjectiveThis study aims to identify previous and current definitions of SMI used in published research and to propose a set of criteria that may help increase SMI's predictive power of future cognitive decline.MethodsLiterature searches were conducted across a number of electronic databases including Medline.Results515 citations were identified, 336 papers were obtained, of which 44 were selected for containing definitions for SMI. These definitions varied widely in terms of the types of questions used to determine SMI and additional features pertaining to memory complaints included in the definition.ConclusionThere is no consistency in how SMI is defined. We propose a set of criteria aimed to increase specificity of memory complainers for those at increased risk of dementia. Further research is required to refine and validate the different criteria suggested. An international consent on the necessary criteria by experts in the field might be useful.

scholarly journals Modifiable Risk Factors for Alzheimer Disease and Subjective Memory Impairment across Age Groups

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. e98630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen T. Chen ◽  
Prabha Siddarth ◽  
Linda M. Ercoli ◽  
David A. Merrill ◽  
Fernando Torres-Gil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alzheimer Disease ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Modifiable Risk Factors ◽  
Subjective Memory ◽  
Subjective Memory Impairment

Septic Dermatitis of the Neonatal Scalp and Maternal Endomyometritis with Intrapartum Internal Fetal Monitoring

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-85
Author(s):  
Marilyn M. Wagener ◽  
Russell Rule Rycheck ◽  
Robert B. Yee ◽  
Joanne F. McVay ◽  
Carol L. Buffenmyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Fetal Monitoring ◽  
Maternal Diabetes ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Fetal Scalp ◽  
Pressure Catheter ◽  
Fetal Scalp Blood Sampling

During a 3-month period, 1,062 mother-infant pairs were studied for infections following internal fetal monitoring during labor. Six infants (0.56%) developed septic scalp dermatitis at the site of the spiral electrode application. Factors associated with septic scalp dermatitis included the number of vaginal examinations, the use of an intrauterine pressure catheter or of more than one spiral electrode, and fetal scalp blood sampling. Maternal diabetes and endomyometritis were also associated with an increased risk of scalp infection. The duration of spiral electrode use and duration of ruptured membranes were not significant risk factors. Endomyometritis was documented in 41 mothers, an overall incidence of 3.9%. In women whose babies were delivered by cesarean section, the incidence of endomyometritis was 28/117 (23.9%). Using multivariate analysis by logistic regression, endomyometritis was associated with the number of vaginal examinations during labor but not with the duration of internal monitoring, duration of labor, or duration of ruptured membranes.

Risk Factors for Prolonged Opioid Use After Ankle Fracture Surgery

2021 ◽  
pp. 193864002110291
Author(s):  
Matthew S. Broggi ◽  
Philip O. Oladeji ◽  
Corey Spenser ◽  
Rishin J. Kadakia ◽  
Jason T. Bariteau
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Ankle Fracture ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Fracture Surgery

Background The incidence of ankle fractures is increasing, and risk factors for prolonged opioid use after ankle fracture fixation are unknown. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to investigate risk factors that lead to prolonged opioid use after surgery. Methods The Truven MarketScan database was used to identify patients who underwent ankle fracture surgery from January 2009 to December 2018 based on CPT codes. Patient characteristics were collected, and patients separated into 3 cohorts based on postoperative opioid use (no refills, refills within 6 months postoperative, and refills within 1 year postoperatively). The χ2 test and multivariate analysis were performed to assess the association between risk factors and prolonged use. Results In total, 34 691 patients were analyzed. Comorbidities most highly associated with prolonged opioid use include 2+ preoperative opioid prescriptions (odds ratio [OR] = 11.92; P < .001), tobacco use (OR = 2.03; P < .001), low back pain (OR = 1.81; P < .001), depression (OR = 1.48; P < .001), diabetes (OR = 1.34; P < .001), and alcohol abuse (OR = 1.32; P < .001). Conclusion Opioid use after ankle fracture surgery is common and may be necessary; however, prolonged opioid use and development of dependence carries significant risk. Identifying those patients at an increased risk for prolonged opioid use can aid providers in tailoring their postoperative pain regimen. Levels of Evidence Prognostic, Level III

scholarly journals BMC NeurologyFactors determining recurrence in transient global amnesia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Tynas ◽  
Peter K Panegyres
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Transient Global Amnesia ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Subjective Memory ◽  
Subjective Memory Impairment ◽  
History Of ◽  
Global Amnesia

Abstract Aetiology of transient global amnesia (TGA) remains uncertain, though many have been proposed, including ischaemic, migrainous or epileptic pathologies. We attempted to determine risk factors for TGA, as well as prognostic factors that may cause recurrence. We evaluated clinical history, family history and magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) studies of 93 prospective patients with TGA. Patients were followed from 2004-2016. Fifteen of 93 (16%) patients experienced a recurrence of TGA. Among precipitating events, physical activities inducing Valsalva-like manoeuvres were most common, followed by emotional stress. Eighty-four patients had possible comorbidities or risk factors for TGA, though no single risk factor was ubiquitous. Risk factors associated with recurrence were head injury (isolated vs. recurrent, 16.7% vs. 53.5%, p < 0.01), depression (isolated vs. recurrent, 15.4% vs 46.7%, p = 0.01) and family history of dementia (isolated vs. recurrent, 20.5% vs. 46.7%, p = 0.03). Of 15 patients with confirmed recurrent TGA, two developed dementia and four subjective memory impairment. DWI lesions were observed in 24 patients and were located anywhere within the hippocampus. DWI lesions were not significantly associated with outcomes (recurrence, subjective memory impairment, dementia). We have found that depression, previous head injury and family history of dementia may predict TGA recurrence.

scholarly journals Overweight is Associated With Increased Incidence of Minor Complications After Reduction Mammoplasty: A Retrospective Analysis of 453 Consecutive Cases

2018 ◽  
Vol 107 (3) ◽  
pp. 230-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sutinen ◽  
E. Eskelinen ◽  
M. Kääriäinen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Reduction Mammoplasty ◽  
Tertiary Referral Center ◽  
Major Complications ◽  
Increased Risk

Background and Aims: Reduction mammoplasty alleviates macromastia symptoms and improves quality of life. We investigated a large series of consecutive reduction mammoplasties to assess various risk factors for both minor and major complications after the procedure. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of 453 consecutive reduction mammoplasties was performed between 2007 and 2010 at an academic tertiary referral center to evaluate risk factors and complications. Results: The incidence of minor and major complications was 40.5% and 8.8%, respectively. Patients with minor complications had both a significantly higher mean body mass index (30.2 vs 28.0) and sternal notch to nipple distance (33.9 vs 32.4 cm) than patients who recovered without complications (p < 0.001 for both comparisons), as well as more visits to the outpatient clinic (p < 0.001). In the multivariate analysis, body mass index was found to be the only significant risk factor for minor complications (p < 0.001). Furthermore, patients with body mass index higher than 27 had a 2.6-fold greater risk of minor complications (p < 0.001). An increase of one unit in body mass index increased the probability of minor complications by 14.1% (p < 0.001). 22 (4.9%) patients developed a hematoma requiring evacuation in the operating room. The mean body mass index of patients who developed a hematoma was 26.4, a value lower than that of patients without this complication (mean 29.0; p = 0.003). This finding was significant also in the multivariate analysis (p = 0.002). Conclusion: A higher body mass index was strongly associated with an increased risk of minor complications after reduction mammoplasty. It is important to inform obese patients about the increased risk of complications and to encourage them to lose weight before surgery.

scholarly journals Subjective memory impairment after electroconvulsive therapy – potentially modifiable?

BJPsych Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Eggleston ◽  
Richard Porter
Keyword(s):  
Informed Consent ◽  
Electroconvulsive Therapy ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Informed Consent Process ◽  
Subjective Memory ◽  
Subjective Memory Impairment ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Patients Experience ◽  
Negative Expectations

Memory impairment is an important side-effect of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). However, predicting which patients are at increased risk of developing this is difficult. The study by Sigström et al compares patients’ experience of memory difficulties before and after ECT and suggests that patients with negative expectations of ECT's memory effects are more likely to have subjective memory worsening post-ECT. This intriguing finding suggests that clinicians may be able to modify the risk of patients developing subjective memory difficulties post-ECT by providing appropriate information and addressing concerns prior to treatment, during the informed consent process.

scholarly journals Factors determining recurrence in transient global amnesia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Tynas ◽  
Peter K Panegyres
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Transient Global Amnesia ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Subjective Memory ◽  
Subjective Memory Impairment ◽  
History Of ◽  
Global Amnesia

Abstract Background: Aetiology of transient global amnesia (TGA) remains uncertain, though many have been proposed, including ischaemic, migrainous or epileptic pathologies. Methods: We attempted to determine risk factors for TGA, as well as prognostic factors that may cause recurrence. We evaluated clinical history, family history and magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) studies of 93 prospective patients with TGA. Patients were followed from 2004-2016. Fifteen of 93 (16%) patients experienced a recurrence of TGA. Results: Among precipitating events, physical activities inducing Valsalva-like manoeuvres were most common, followed by emotional stress. Eighty-four patients had possible comorbidities or risk factors for TGA, though no single risk factor was ubiquitous. Risk factors associated with recurrence were head injury (isolated vs. recurrent, 16.7% vs. 53.5%, p < 0.01), depression (isolated vs. recurrent, 15.4% vs 46.7%, p = 0.01) and family history of dementia (isolated vs. recurrent, 20.5% vs. 46.7%, p = 0.03). Of 15 patients with confirmed recurrent TGA, two developed dementia and four subjective memory impairment. DWI lesions were observed in 24 patients and were located anywhere within the hippocampus. Conclusions: DWI lesions were not significantly associated with outcomes (recurrence, subjective memory impairment, dementia). We have found that depression, previous head injury and family history of dementia may predict TGA recurrence.

scholarly journals Factors determining recurrence in transient global amnesia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Tynas ◽  
Peter K Panegyres
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Family History ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Transient Global Amnesia ◽  
Subjective Memory ◽  
Subjective Memory Impairment ◽  
History Of ◽  
Global Amnesia

Abstract Aetiology of transient global amnesia (TGA) remains uncertain, though many have been proposed, including ischaemic, migrainous or epileptic pathologies. We attempted to determine risk factors for TGA, as well as prognostic factors that may cause recurrence. We evaluated clinical history, family history and magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) studies of 93 prospective patients with TGA. Patients were followed up regarding recurrence and prognostic factors. Fifteen of 93 (16%) patients experienced a recurrence of TGA. Among precipitating events, physical activities inducing Valsalva-like manoeuvres were most common, followed by emotional stress. Eighty-four patients had possible comorbidities or risk factor for TGA, though no single risk factor was ubiquitous. Risk factors associated with recurrence were head injury (isolated vs. recurrent, 16,7% vs. 53.5%, p < 0.01), depression (isolated vs. recurrent, 15.4% vs 46.7%, p = 0.01) and family history of dementia (isolated vs. recurrent, 20.5% vs 46.7%, p = 0.03). Of 15 patients with confirmed recurrent TGA, two developed dementia and four subjective memory impairment. DWI lesions were observed in 24 patients and located anywhere within the hippocampus. DWI lesions were not significantly associated with outcomes (recurrence, subjective memory impairment, dementia). Findings suggest TGA is a heterogeneous syndrome. Among those with recurrence, depression, previous head injury and family history of dementia may be predictive factors. Encouraging primary prevention of head injury, managing depression and assisting in development of adequate coping mechanisms may decrease incidence. Education of healthcare works will also increase diagnostic rates, allowing for improved education and comfort for patients and families.

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