Association between immigration status and inpatient psychiatric admission after attempted suicide: Results from a hospital-based observational study

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. s273-s274
Author(s):  
G. Martinez-Ales ◽  
E. Jimenez ◽  
E. Roman ◽  
P. Sanchez-Castro ◽  
A. Suarez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Room ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Outpatient Basis ◽  
Immigration Status ◽  
Psychiatric Admission ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Emergency Room Care ◽  
Competing Interest

IntroductionAcute suicidality or a condition after attempted suicide frequently leads patients to both voluntary or involuntary inpatient admission. Emergency room psychiatrists decide whether such patients can be treated on an outpatient basis.ObjectivesTo identify if immigration status is associated with the decision whether a patient needs a hospital admission.AimsTo detect social determinants of hospital-based health resource uses.MethodsA cross-sectional study including data from 323 patients treated in a general hospital's emergency room after a suicidal attempt during year 2014.ResultsSeventy-six patients were admitted to the hospital (23.5%). Hospitalization frequencies for immigrant and non-immigrant individuals were 6.3% and 26.5% (P = 0.002). No significant association was found between psychiatric admission and history of a diagnosed psychiatric disorder, previous suicidal attempts, previous emergency room care use, family support or current drug use. A subgroup of patients (n = 37; 9%) answered Beck's suicidal intent scale (SIS), a measure of risk in suicidal attempters. Mean SIS was found to be higher among hospitalized than discharged patients (8.5 vs. 16.5; P = 0.01). No significant difference was found in mean SIS between immigrant and non-immigrant patients (9.3 vs. 9.1; P = 0.3).ConclusionsThese preliminary results call for consideration. The highly significant lower rate of psychiatric admission among immigrant patients, without significant differences in mean SIS score in regard to non-immigrants, needs further study.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Childhood Physical Punishment as Risk Factor for Combat-Related PTSD

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S511-S512
Author(s):  
E. Becirovic ◽  
R. Softic ◽  
M. Mirkovic Hajdukov ◽  
A. Becirovic
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Childhood Abuse ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Physical Punishment ◽  
Childhood Physical Abuse ◽  
War Veterans ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Competing Interest

IntroductionRisk and protective factors for PTSD can be grouped into pretraumatic, peritraumatic, and posttraumatic. Reported childhood abuse has predictive risk effects for PTSD than most other pretraumatic risk factors.ObjectiveTo examine childhood physical abuse history in war veterans.AimsTo determine whether childhood physical abuse is risk factor for PTSD in war veterans.MethodsCross-sectional study of 205 war veterans tested by Harvard Trauma Questionnaire and sociobiographic Questionnaire (with data of childhood physical punishment).ResultsA significant difference in reported childhood physical punishment between war veterans with and without PTSD was found. Veterans with PTSD were identified as recipients of childhood physical punishment.ConclusionsChildhood physical punishment has positive correlation with development of PTSD in war veterans.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Influence of 5-HTR2C Polymorphisms on Metabolic Syndromes in Thai Schizophrenia Patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S168-S168
Author(s):  
A. Puangpetch ◽  
C. Na Nakorn ◽  
W. Unaharassamee ◽  
C. Sukasem
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
International Diabetes Federation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Competing Interest

IntroductionMetabolic syndrome is a significant problem in the schizophrenia patients. Previous research demonstrated that single nucleotide polymorphisms in the serotonin 2C receptor (5HTR2C) genes are associated with metabolic syndrome related to schizophrenia patients taking atypical anti-psychotic drugs. This study aimed to investigate whether the effect of 3 SNPs in 5HTR2C gene on the presence of the metabolic syndrome in Thai schizophrenia patients.MethodWe conducted a cross-sectional study and 154 patients were recruited. The schizophrenia patients were identified from a diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 4th edition, (DSM-IV) and criterion and determined the metabolic syndrome according to the 2005 international diabetes federation (IDF) Asia criteria. Patients were genotyped for the 5HTR2C rs51,8147, rs126,881,02, rs128,367,71 polymorphisms.ResultsThe preliminary analysis from 154 patients showed the metabolic syndrome prevalence was 38.73%, with 46.50% in male and 53.48% in female patients. The results showed that the patients who have heterozygous and homozygous variant on 5HTR2C gene (rs518,147 and rs126,881,02) showed a significant difference in the presence of metabolic syndrome when compare with patients who carry homozygous wild type (P = 0.007), especially in male patients (P = 0.002). The association between 5HTR2C polymorphisms and metabolic syndrome was found in male patients but not found in female patients.ConclusionThese findings suggest that 5HTR2C genotypes are associated with the metabolic syndrome in patients taking atypical anti-psychotics. However, the metabolic syndrome results from the multigenetic effects. The further studies should focus on the other genes, which were involved in metabolic syndrome.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Attempted suicide: Study of the phenomenon in a sample of patients in the province of Modena

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S399-S399
Author(s):  
L. Bisi ◽  
M. Bolondi ◽  
G. Mattei ◽  
A. Sacchetti ◽  
S. Ferrari
Keyword(s):  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Observation Time ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Family Conflicts ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Emotional Separation ◽  
Competing Interest

IntroductionAttempted suicide consists in a self-damaging non-fatal behaviour, with an explicit or implicit evidence of the intent to die. It has a multifactorial aetiology: presence of psychiatric disorder, particularly major depression and other non-psychiatric components, like a series of stressful events.AimTo describe suicidal behavior among patients who attempted suicide.MethodsCross-sectional study. Patients admitted to three hospitals in the Province of Modena (Italy) after having attempted suicide were enrolled. Observation time: August 2015–August 2016 (13 months). Descriptive statistics made with STATA 13.0.ResultsA total of 187 subjects (female 65%) were enrolled in the period of time considered. Forty-one percent were aged 45–64; 43.7% had higher education; 50.4% were unemployed; 49.6% had regular income. Common means to attempt suicide were drugs (64%), weapons (11%), precipitation (10%), other (6%), choking (4%). Recent stressful events were reported by the 83.4% of respondents, namely: family conflicts (29%), economic problems (17%), personal health problems (11%), health problems affecting a family member (5%), emotional separation (9%), job loss (7%), other (22%), alcohol abuse (27%), substance abuse (4%). The main psychiatric diagnoses were: depressive disorder (56.67%), personality disorder (20%), psychotic disorder (6.67%), bipolar disorder (5.33%), behavioural disorders (2.67%), anxiety disorders (2%), dementia (1.33%).ConclusionsFindings of the present study are consistent with available literature and could help to identify “high risk” groups to plan future targeted programmes.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Prevalence of involuntary hospitalization in patients with depressive disorders

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S419-S420
Author(s):  
Á. Palma Conesa ◽  
F.N. Dinamarca Cáceres ◽  
M. Grifell Guardia ◽  
L. Galingo Guarin ◽  
L. González Contreras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Emergency Service ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Symptom Control ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Involuntary Hospitalization ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Harm Prevention

IntroductionDepression is a disabling disorder with a high socio-economic impact. It might require hospitalization for symptom control and/or harm prevention. Other depressive disorders might as well require hospitalization in benefit of the patient. Hospitalization may be involuntary. Hospitalization willfulness in depressive patients has not been systematically studied in recent years.ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to explore the necessity of involuntary hospitalization in patients presenting depressive symptoms at the emergency service that were later diagnosed with a depressive disorder.Materials and methodsFrom all patients visited in the psychiatric emergency service from 2012 to April 2015 those that were hospitalized in the acute mental health unit and diagnosed with a depressive disorder were studied. All those monopolar depression diagnoses were considered, excluding those within the bipolar spectrum. Diagnosis followed CIE-9 criteria. A descriptive cross-sectional study of the samples was then conducted. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software (SPSS Inc., Chicago, Ill.).ResultsFrom all 385 depressive disorders, 169 were involuntary admissions (43.9%), 196 were voluntary (50.9%) and 20 were scheduled (5.2%), difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Mean age, was 59.52 years for involuntary admissions, 61.7 for voluntary and 63.6 years for scheduled, with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05). Gender differences were not significant.ConclusionsMost depressive disorders were hospitalized voluntarily. However, a relevant percentage of patients required involuntary hospitalization. Younger patients presented a higher ratio of involuntary hospitalization. Reasons for involuntary hospitalization needs should be further studied.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest. Liliana Galindo is a Rio Hortega fellowship (ISC-III; CM14/00111).

The Co-occurrence of Non-suicidal Self-injury and Attempted Suicide Among Adolescents Hospitalized in Clinic for Mental Disorders “Dr Laza Lazarevic”

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S221-S222
Author(s):  
D. Randjelovic ◽  
S. Mihajlovic ◽  
D. Randjelovic ◽  
D. Nikolic Dimitrijevic
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Female Adolescent ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Clinical Interviews ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
And Function

IntroductionThe phenomenon of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) as an act of deliberate destruction of body tissue without suicidal intent is common in adolescence. NSSI and suicide attempts (SA), although distinct behaviors differing in intent, form and function, often co-occur in the same individual.Objective and aimsRecent studies investigate the association between SA and NSSI among adolescent, as well as risk factors associated with these phenomenon. We investigated the co-ccurrence of NSSI and SA among adolescents treated in hospital during the previous year.MethodWe conducted a cross-sectional study among hospitalized adolescents in the Clinic for mental disorde “Dr Laza Lazarevic”, aged 14 to 18 years, in the period from 01.01.2015 to 01.01.2016. The data were obtained from clinical interviews of patients.ResultsStudy included 146 adolescents, 51.4% male and 48.6% female, average age 15.5. We found a statistically significant difference of NSSI (c2 = 9.951, P = 0.002, phi = 0.276) and SA (c2 = 4.517, P = 0.034, fi = 0.192) among female adolescent. The co-occurrence of NSSI and SA was found in 4.8% of adolescents, which does not indicate a statistically significant difference (c2 = 1.009, P = 0.315, phi = –0.101) compared to the total population of hospitalized adolescents.ConclusionAlthough our study did not confirmed a higher incidence of SA in adolescent with NSSI, understanding of what percentage of those engaging in NSSI also make SA, and how they are related have great significance in their prevention taking into account the dangerousness and lethality of those behavior.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Alexithymia in War Veterans with Post-traumatic Stress Disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S720-S720 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Becirovic ◽  
E. Avdibegovic ◽  
R. Softic ◽  
M. Mirkovic-Hajdukov ◽  
A. Becirovic
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
War Veterans ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Affective Characteristics ◽  
Harvard Trauma Questionnaire ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Competing Interest

IntroductionAlexithymia consider a cluster of cognitive and affective characteristics that include: inability of recognizing and describing emotions, difficulties in distinguishing feelings and physical sensations during emotional arousal, narrowed capacity for imagination and externally oriented cognitive style. Several studies links alexithymia with increased risk for physical and mental damage. Symptoms of alexithymia are documented in persons who develop PTSD in response to different types of traumatic events.ObjectivesTo examine alexithymia in war veterans.AimsTo determine whether alexithymia is significantly more present in war veterans with PTSD.MethodsCross-sectional study of 205 war veterans tested by Harvard Trauma Questionnaire and by Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20).ResultsOut of 205 war veterans 89 (43.4%) of them have alexithymia. Significantly more veterans with PTSD (78 or 75%) than without PTSD (11 or 10.9%) has alexithymia (Chi2 = 88.955, P < 0.001) was found a statistically significant difference between the two groups in the total score of alexithymia (t-test = −10.676, P < 0.001) statistically significant difference was found in all three domains of alexithymia.ConclusionsAlexithymia is significantly often in war veterans with than without PTSD.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Prevalence and determinants of common fears in children and their socio-demographic characteristic

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S128-S128
Author(s):  
A. Bener
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Demographic Correlates ◽  
Competing Interest

ObjectiveMost children experience some degree of fear during their development. Excessive fears can create serious obstacles to children. The aim of this study was to identify the most common fears in a sample of children and adolescents and examine the socio-demographic correlates of fears.Subjects and methodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted during the period July 2010 to February 2012 at Public and Private Schools of the Ministry of Education and Higher Education, in Qatar. Out of 2188 students approached, 1703 students agreed to participate in this study, with a response rate of 77.8%. The questionnaire includes socio-demographic information, academic performance, behaviour at home and various fears.ResultsMore than half of the children experienced fears (56.7%). Most of them were in the intermediate level, 12–15 years old (46.1%). Overall, reported fears were significantly more frequent in girls (62.6%) than boys (37.4%) (P < 0.001). A significant difference was observed between girls and boys who experienced fears in their age group (P < 0.001), education of mother (P = 0.04), household income (P = 0.008) and academic performance (P < 0.001). The most frequent reported fears were fear of someone dying in the family (85.2%), parents getting divorced (84.5%), breaking religious law (82%), being kidnapped (78.2%), family members ill (78%) and dying (76.7%).ConclusionsThe study findings revealed that fears were highly prevalent in Arab children and adolescents in Qatar. Girls reported more fears than boys. There was a significant difference observed between girls and boys in their age group and academic performance for the reported fears.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.

Personal Audio System: Hearing Symptoms, Habits, and Sound Pressure Levels Measured in Real Ear and a Manikin

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 2016-2026
Author(s):  
Tamara R. Almeida ◽  
Clayton H. Rocha ◽  
Camila M. Rabelo ◽  
Raquel F. Gomes ◽  
Ivone F. Neves-Lobo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sound Pressure ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Real ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sound Pressure Levels ◽  
Audio System

Purpose The aims of this study were to characterize hearing symptoms, habits, and sound pressure levels (SPLs) of personal audio system (PAS) used by young adults; estimate the risk of developing hearing loss and assess whether instructions given to users led to behavioral changes; and propose recommendations for PAS users. Method A cross-sectional study was performed in 50 subjects with normal hearing. Procedures included questionnaire and measurement of PAS SPLs (real ear and manikin) through the users' own headphones and devices while they listened to four songs. After 1 year, 30 subjects answered questions about their usage habits. For the statistical analysis, one-way analysis of variance, Tukey's post hoc test, Lin and Spearman coefficients, the chi-square test, and logistic regression were used. Results Most subjects listened to music every day, usually in noisy environments. Sixty percent of the subjects reported hearing symptoms after using a PAS. Substantial variability in the equivalent music listening level (Leq) was noted ( M = 84.7 dBA; min = 65.1 dBA, max = 97.5 dBA). A significant difference was found only in the 4-kHz band when comparing the real-ear and manikin techniques. Based on the Leq, 38% of the individuals exceeded the maximum daily time allowance. Comparison of the subjects according to the maximum allowed daily exposure time revealed a higher number of hearing complaints from people with greater exposure. After 1 year, 43% of the subjects reduced their usage time, and 70% reduced the volume. A volume not exceeding 80% was recommended, and at this volume, the maximum usage time should be 160 min. Conclusions The habit of listening to music at high intensities on a daily basis seems to cause hearing symptoms, even in individuals with normal hearing. The real-ear and manikin techniques produced similar results. Providing instructions on this topic combined with measuring PAS SPLs may be an appropriate strategy for raising the awareness of people who are at risk. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12431435

Estimation of Trace Elements in Gingival Crevicular Fluid and Serum-Comparative Study in Healthy and Periodontitis

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhagavathami Meenaksh ◽  
Chitraa R. Chandran ◽  
Aravindhan Thathchari Ranganathan ◽  
Kavindapadi Venkateswaran Rama ◽  
Valarmathy Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Serum Copper ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Copper Zinc

Background: This study aims to determine and compare the levels of trace elements copper, zinc, selenium and chromium in GCF and serum of patients with periodontitis and healthy individuals. Methods: This cross sectional study includes 24 study subjects recruited from the patients reporting to the Department of Periodontics , Tagore Dental College Chennai. All the selected patients were subjected to a clinical examination done by a single examiner. The estimation of trace elements Copper, Zinc, Selenium and Chromium in GCF and serum is performed using Perkin Elmer optima 5300 Inductively Coupled Plasma Emission Spectrometer (ICPOES). Results: GCF and serum copper levels showed no significant difference in both periodontitis and healthy groups . Selenium levels tend to be the same in both groups. Serum zinc levels are more in periodontitis patients than healthy subjects (p less than 0.01). GCF chromium levels are found to be more in patients with periodontitis than healthy. Conclusions : More research is therefore needed to monitor the role of these trace elements C with an increased sample size to ascertain whether they are associated with a reduced risk of periodontitis.

Postpartum Depression and Its Associated Factors among Women in Bandar Abbas City

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arefeh Shahi
Keyword(s):  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
Routine Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bandar Abbas

Background: Postpartum depression with a different incidence of 40- 45% in different societies, which it has adverse effects on the health of mothers and their child, given the negative effects of maternal depression and its harmful effects on the baby and the quality of family life. So, this study was performed with the aim to determine postpartum depression and its associated factors in Bandar Abbas city. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 2015 after obtaining consent from mothers by the census. A total of 343 mothers was examined for depression who referred to Bandar Abbas health centers in the 2nd and 4th months after childbirth. The data collection tools included demographic information and Postpartum Depression Edinburgh questionnaires. Finally, the statistical analyses were performed using SPSS (version 22.0) software and data were analyzed using the Independent t-test, Mann Whitney, Chi-square, and Fisher exact tests.Result: Totally, 68 (19.8%) of samples were in the second month and 54 (15.7%) in the fourth month after delivery had postpartum depression. The incidence of depression in the four months was 6.6%. There was a significant difference between depression and income, parental education, father’s use of cigarette and abnormalities of the infant (P <0.001). There was no significant difference between other factors such as gestational age, infant sex, birth weight, unwanted pregnancy, and type of delivery. Conclusion: Regarding the prevalence of this disorder, it seems that postpartum depression screening planning should be considered during child routine care as an essential component, especially for vulnerable groups.

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