Prevalence and determinants of common fears in children and their socio-demographic characteristic

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S128-S128
Author(s):  
A. Bener
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Demographic Correlates ◽  
Competing Interest

ObjectiveMost children experience some degree of fear during their development. Excessive fears can create serious obstacles to children. The aim of this study was to identify the most common fears in a sample of children and adolescents and examine the socio-demographic correlates of fears.Subjects and methodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted during the period July 2010 to February 2012 at Public and Private Schools of the Ministry of Education and Higher Education, in Qatar. Out of 2188 students approached, 1703 students agreed to participate in this study, with a response rate of 77.8%. The questionnaire includes socio-demographic information, academic performance, behaviour at home and various fears.ResultsMore than half of the children experienced fears (56.7%). Most of them were in the intermediate level, 12–15 years old (46.1%). Overall, reported fears were significantly more frequent in girls (62.6%) than boys (37.4%) (P < 0.001). A significant difference was observed between girls and boys who experienced fears in their age group (P < 0.001), education of mother (P = 0.04), household income (P = 0.008) and academic performance (P < 0.001). The most frequent reported fears were fear of someone dying in the family (85.2%), parents getting divorced (84.5%), breaking religious law (82%), being kidnapped (78.2%), family members ill (78%) and dying (76.7%).ConclusionsThe study findings revealed that fears were highly prevalent in Arab children and adolescents in Qatar. Girls reported more fears than boys. There was a significant difference observed between girls and boys in their age group and academic performance for the reported fears.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.

Assessment of COVID-19 Related Misinformation among the Community in Basrah, Iraq

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (CSI) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
Ali Al-Rubaye ◽  
Dhurgham Abdulwahid ◽  
Aymen Albadran ◽  
Abbas Ejbary ◽  
Laith Alrubaiy
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Bachelor's Degree ◽  
Public Knowledge ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Educational Levels ◽  
The Public ◽  
First Case ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Central District

Background: There has been a rapid rise in cases of COVID-19 infection and its mortality rate since the first case reported in February 2020. This led to the rampant dissemination of misinformation and rumors about the disease among the public. Objectives: To investigate the scale of public misinformation about COVID-19 in Basrah, Iraq. Methods: A cross-sectional study based on a 22-item questionnaire to assess public knowledge and understanding of information related to the COVID-19 infection. Results: A total of 483 individuals completed the questionnaire. The most frequent age group was 26–35 years (28.2%); there were 280 (58%) males and 203 (42%) females. Of the participants, 282 (58.4%) were with an education level below the Bachelor’s degree, 342 (70.8%) were married, and 311 (64%) were living in districts in Basra other than the central district. Overall, 50.8% (11.8/ 22 * 100%) of individuals had the correct information regarding COVID-19. There was a significant association between the level of COVID-19 related misinformation and participants’ educational levels and occupation (p <0.05). However, there was no significant difference found across sex, age group, marital state, and area of residence. Conclusions: Misinformation related to COVID-19 is widely spread and has to be addressed in order to control the pandemic. Keywords: COVID-19, misinformation, knowledge, Iraq

scholarly journals Prevalence of dysmenorrhoea, associated risk factors and its relationship with academic performance among graduating female university students in Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. e043814
Author(s):  
Mesfin Tadese ◽  
Andargachew Kassa ◽  
Abebaw Abeje Muluneh ◽  
Girma Altaye
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Academic Performance ◽  
University Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Grade Point ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

ObjectivesThe study aimed to provide an association between dysmenorrhoea and academic performance among university students in Ethiopia. Further, the study attempts to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of dysmenorrhoea.Design and methodInstitution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 1 April to 28 April 2019. A semistructured and pretested self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Binary logistic regression analysis and one-way analysis of variance were performed to model dysmenorrhoea and academic performance, respectively.Setting and participantsEthiopia (2019: n=647 female university students).OutcomesThe primary outcome is dysmenorrhoea, which has been defined as painful menses that prevents normal activity and requires medication. The self-reported cumulative grade point average of students was used as a proxy measure of academic performance, which is the secondary outcome.ResultsThe prevalence of dysmenorrhoea was 317 (51.5%). The educational status of father (adjusted OR (AOR) (95% CI) 2.64 (1.04 to 6.66)), chocolate consumption (AOR (95% CI) 3.39 (95% 1.28 to 8.93)), daily breakfast intake (<5 days/week) (AOR (95% CI) 0.63 (0.42 to 0.95)), irregular menstrual cycle AOR (95% CI) 2.34 (1.55 to 3.54)) and positive family history of dysmenorrhoea AOR (95% CI) 3.29 (2.25 to 4.81)) had statistically significant association with dysmenorrhoea. There was no statistically significant difference in academic performance among students with and without dysmenorrhoea (F (3611)=1.276, p=0.28)).ConclusionsDysmenorrhoea was a common health problem among graduating University students. However, it has no statistically significant impact on academic performance. Reproductive health officers should educate and undermine the negative academic consequences of dysmenorrhoea to reduce the physical and psychological stress that happens to females and their families.

scholarly journals Dermatoglyphics and abdominal resistance in female children and adolescents: a cross-sectional study

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 945
Author(s):  
Renan Souza ◽  
Adriano Alberti ◽  
Gabriel Gastélum Cuadras ◽  
Rodrigo Gomes de Souza Vale ◽  
Eliton Marcio Zanoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Predictive Marker ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Epigenetic Marker ◽  
Ulnar Loop ◽  
Female Children

Background: Dermatoglyphics is considered, in the scientific milieu, to be an epigenetic marker. The objective of this study was to analyze the presence of dermatoglyphic marks characteristic of neuromotor capacity and abdominal resistance in children and adolescents. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of 1,002 individuals, female children and adolescents between the ages of 10 and 16, from public and private schools in the city of Joaçaba, Santa Catarina, Brazil. The protocol selected for analyzing the fingerprints was dermatoglyphics, proposed by Cummins and Midlo using a Dermatoglyphic Reader. The Brazilian Sports Project Manual - PROESP 2015 was used to collect data on muscle strength motor tests. Results: The results showed the presence of a dermatoglyphic mark characteristic of abdominal motor capacity and muscle strength in females. A higher frequency of arches was identified in MET4 and whorls in MET5 and MDT4 in the Risk Zone group. In the Healthy Zone group, ulnar loop was found to be more frequent in MET4, MET5, and MDT4 fingers. Conclusions: The results demonstrated a predictive marker for abdominal motor capacity and strength in females through dermatoglyphics.

scholarly journals Vertebrogenic back pain syndrome in children 9–17 years with spinal deformities

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marchel S. Vetrile ◽  
Aleksandr A. Kuleshov ◽  
Nikolai A. Eskin ◽  
Mikhail B. Tsykunov ◽  
Alexey I. Kokorev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Back Pain ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Spinal Deformities ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
X Ray

Aim. We defined the prevalence of back pain in children and adolescents aged 917 years with spinal deformities. Material and methods. The cross-sectional study included 230 students with different spinal deformities aged 917 years. The prevalence of back pain, intensity, location, and situations in which it occurred were assessed via questionnaire. Results. Among 230 respondents, 186 (80.9%) admitted that they had experienced back pain (mainly in the lumbar spine) at various frequencies within the year preceding the study. Mild pain was prevalent (71% of respondents). Girls experienced back pain significantly more frequently than boys. Conclusions. Back pain in children and adolescents requires clinical and instrumental examination, including X-ray. Back pain is a frequent phenomenon in children with different spinal deformities. Тhe incidence of pain in children and adolescents with spinal deformities in our study is statistically higher than that of healthy individuals of the same age group.

scholarly journals The Incidence of Surgical Site Infection in Acute Non Perforated Appendicitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-14
Author(s):  
Suraj Raj Bhattarai ◽  
Kishor Kumar Tamrakar
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Perforated Appendicitis ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group Sex

Background: Appendectomy is the most commonly performed emergency  surgical procedure and has significant morbidity of surgical site infection (SSIs). Regarding this, there are conflicting reports and dilemma on use of optimal duration of antibiotics. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of SSIs after three doses of perioperative prophylactic antibiot­ics (single dose before surgery and two doses postoperatively) after ap­pendectomy in acute non- perforated appendicitis (NPA). Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in the department of General surgery, Chitwan Medical College Teaching Hospital, from May 2018 to April 2019. All the cases received single dose of antibiotics (cef­triaxone and metronidazole) during the induction of anesthesia and two doses of the same antibiotics postoperatively within 24 hours. SSIs was assessed on 2nd and followed up till 7th postoperative day. The data col­lected was analyzed using SPSS version 16. Results: In the study of 100 patients, who received perioperative three doses of antibiotics, the overall frequency of SSIs on 2nd and 3rd post-operative day were 2% (p=.840) and 6% (p=.539) respectively, which was statistically not significant. In follow up after 3rd postoperative day, there was no evidence of SSIs. Statistically there was no significant difference in the incidence and grade of SSIs between age group, sex and duration of operation. Conclusions: A combined three doses of perioperative antibiotics was ad­equate for SSIs prevention in patients of any age group and sex with acute NPA after appendectomy in usual operative time.

Estimates and demographic correlates of hoarding disorder in non-clinical sample in Pakistan

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Ayesha Inam ◽  
Zubaa Akhtar ◽  
Aisha Kashif ◽  
Hamna Nadeem
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hoarding Disorder ◽  
Gender Comparison ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Demographic Correlates ◽  
Rating Scale Data

Abstract Objective: To establish sample estimates of hoarding behaviour with demographic correlates in a non-clinical sample. Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted in Islamabad, Pakistan, from February to April, 2018, and comprised data collected from Karachi, Lahore, Islamabad and Rawalpindi after approval from the COMSATS University, Islamabad. Data was collected using a self-developed demographic sheet, along with the hoarding rating scale. Data was analysed using SPSS, Version 20. Results: Of the 375 subjects, 118(31.5%) were males and 257(68.5%) were females. The overall mean age was 42.25+/-13.007 years. Mean hoarding rating scale score was 8.34+/-6.69, with 76(20.3%) subjects falling in the clinical range of hoarding tendencies. There was a significant difference in the scores for Early Adulthood, Middle Adulthood and Late Adulthood (p<0.001). Gender comparison revealed significant difference (p<0.001). A significant positive correlation between hoarding and age was found (p<0.01) whereas a negative correlation was found between hoarding and monthly household income (p<0.01). Conclusion: Hoarding tendencies were found to be in the clinical range for one-fifth of the sample. Key Words: Hoarding disorder, Estimates, Demographics, Continuou...

Childhood Physical Punishment as Risk Factor for Combat-Related PTSD

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S511-S512
Author(s):  
E. Becirovic ◽  
R. Softic ◽  
M. Mirkovic Hajdukov ◽  
A. Becirovic
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Childhood Abuse ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Physical Punishment ◽  
Childhood Physical Abuse ◽  
War Veterans ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Competing Interest

IntroductionRisk and protective factors for PTSD can be grouped into pretraumatic, peritraumatic, and posttraumatic. Reported childhood abuse has predictive risk effects for PTSD than most other pretraumatic risk factors.ObjectiveTo examine childhood physical abuse history in war veterans.AimsTo determine whether childhood physical abuse is risk factor for PTSD in war veterans.MethodsCross-sectional study of 205 war veterans tested by Harvard Trauma Questionnaire and sociobiographic Questionnaire (with data of childhood physical punishment).ResultsA significant difference in reported childhood physical punishment between war veterans with and without PTSD was found. Veterans with PTSD were identified as recipients of childhood physical punishment.ConclusionsChildhood physical punishment has positive correlation with development of PTSD in war veterans.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Association between immigration status and inpatient psychiatric admission after attempted suicide: Results from a hospital-based observational study

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. s273-s274
Author(s):  
G. Martinez-Ales ◽  
E. Jimenez ◽  
E. Roman ◽  
P. Sanchez-Castro ◽  
A. Suarez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Room ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Outpatient Basis ◽  
Immigration Status ◽  
Psychiatric Admission ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Emergency Room Care ◽  
Competing Interest

IntroductionAcute suicidality or a condition after attempted suicide frequently leads patients to both voluntary or involuntary inpatient admission. Emergency room psychiatrists decide whether such patients can be treated on an outpatient basis.ObjectivesTo identify if immigration status is associated with the decision whether a patient needs a hospital admission.AimsTo detect social determinants of hospital-based health resource uses.MethodsA cross-sectional study including data from 323 patients treated in a general hospital's emergency room after a suicidal attempt during year 2014.ResultsSeventy-six patients were admitted to the hospital (23.5%). Hospitalization frequencies for immigrant and non-immigrant individuals were 6.3% and 26.5% (P = 0.002). No significant association was found between psychiatric admission and history of a diagnosed psychiatric disorder, previous suicidal attempts, previous emergency room care use, family support or current drug use. A subgroup of patients (n = 37; 9%) answered Beck's suicidal intent scale (SIS), a measure of risk in suicidal attempters. Mean SIS was found to be higher among hospitalized than discharged patients (8.5 vs. 16.5; P = 0.01). No significant difference was found in mean SIS between immigrant and non-immigrant patients (9.3 vs. 9.1; P = 0.3).ConclusionsThese preliminary results call for consideration. The highly significant lower rate of psychiatric admission among immigrant patients, without significant differences in mean SIS score in regard to non-immigrants, needs further study.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Perfil de usuários e motivos da consulta de enfermagem em estomaterapia

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosaura Soares Paczek ◽  
Andreia Inês Engelmann ◽  
Giulia Pedroso Perini ◽  
Glória Pinto Soares de Aguiar ◽  
Erica Rosalba Mallmann Duarte
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Neoplastic Disease ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive ◽  
Care Nursing

Objetivo: analisar o perfil de usuários e os motivos da consulta de enfermagem em estomaterapia. Método: trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, descritivo, exploratório e transversal. Coletaram-se os dados em prontuários de 252 usuários nos quais foram consultados em 1116 consultas de enfermagem. Analisaram-se os dados pelo programa SPSS versão 20, empregando-se a estatística descritiva. Resultados: revela-se, quanto ao sexo, que não houve diferença significativa; quanto à faixa etária, 53,6% dos participantes tinham 65 anos ou mais de idade; a causa do estoma foi a doença neoplásica maligna em 65,5% da amostra; o motivo da consulta, em 56%, foi a troca de bolsa de ostomia e 50,4% dos pacientes realizaram somente uma consulta no período analisado. Conclusão: mostrou-se, que o enfermeiro estomaterapeuta precisa refletir no planejamento e nas estratégias de cuidados prestados, contemplando a educação do autocuidado do usuário e educação permanente da equipe, enfatizando a sensibilidade do acolhimento, visto que a maioria dos pacientes tem neoplasia maligna, situação de grande impacto na vida do usuário e de sua família. Descritores: Estomia; Consulta de Enfermagem; Educação Permanente; Estomaterapia; Autocuidado; Cuidados de Enfermagem.AbstractObjective: to analyze the profile of users and the reasons for the nursing consultation in stomatherapy. Method: this is a quantitative, descriptive, exploratory and cross-sectional study. Data was collected from medical records of 252 users, who were consulted in 1116 nursing consultations. Data was analyzed using the SPSS version 20 program, using descriptive statistics. Results: it is revealed, as for sex, that there was no significant difference; as for the age group, 53.6% of the participants were 65 years old or older; the cause of the stoma was malignant neoplastic disease in 65.5% of the sample; the reason for the consultation, in 56%, was to change the ostomy bag and 50.4% of the patients had only one consultation during the analyzed period. Conclusion: it was shown that the stoma nurse needs to reflect on the planning and care strategies provided, contemplating the education of the user's self-care and permanent education of the team, emphasizing the sensitivity of the welcoming, since the majority of patients have malignancy, situation of great impact on the life of the user and their family. Descriptors: Ostomy; Nursing Consultation; Education Continuing; Stomatherapy; Self Care; Nursing Care.ResumenObjetivo: analizar el perfil de los usuarios y los motivos de la consulta de enfermería en estomaterapia. Método: se trata de un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, exploratorio y transversal. Se recopilaron datos de registros médicos de 252 usuarios, que fueron consultados en 1116 consultas de enfermería. Los datos se analizaron utilizando el programa SPSS versión 20, utilizando estadísticas descriptivas. Resultados: se revela, en cuanto al sexo, que no hubo diferencia significativa; en cuanto al grupo de edad, el 53,6% de los participantes tenían 65 años o más; la causa del estoma fue la enfermedad neoplásica maligna en el 65.5% de la muestra; el motivo de la consulta, en el 56%, fue cambiar la bolsa de ostomía y el 50,4% de los pacientes tuvieron una sola consulta durante el período analizado. Conclusión: se demostró que el enfermero de estomas necesita reflexionar sobre la planificación y las estrategias de atención provistas, contemplando la educación del autocuidado del usuario y la educación permanente del equipo, enfatizando la sensibilidad de la recepción, ya que la mayoría de los pacientes tienen neoplasia maligna, situación de gran impacto en la vida del usuario y su familia. Descriptores: Estomia; Consulta de Enfermería; Educación Permanente; Estomaterapia; Autocuidado; Cuidados de Enfermería.

scholarly journals Comparison of Anxiolytic Drugs of Diazepam and Zolpidem in Patients Undergoing Extraction

2020 ◽  
pp. 178-187
Author(s):  
Anupama Deepak ◽  
Dhanraj Ganapathy ◽  
Visalakshi Ramanathan
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Anxiolytic Drugs ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale ◽  
Anxiety Levels

Anxiolytic drugs are a class of drugs that reduce the anxiety levels in the individuals by nonspecifically binding to the GABAα located throughout the central nervous system. The aim of this study was to compare the anxiolytic effects of diazepam and Zolpidem in patients undergoing extraction. This was a cross-sectional study conducted at a university setting, with a sample size of 100 patients, of the age group 25-45 years. 50 patients were administered with Tab. Diazepam and 50 patients with Tab. Zolpidem one hour before the surgical procedure. The Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A Scale) was used to record the patient's anxiety levels before and during the extraction procedure. These data were then recorded in MS Excel Sheet and imported to SPSS for statistical analysis. From this study, it can be seen that most of the patients were females and mainly between the age group 25-35 years. Diazepam had significantly lesser post sedation anxiety levels in comparison with its post sedation levels than zolpidem with, a statistically significant difference (p<0.001). Therefore, it can be concluded that diazepam had better post sedation effects than zolpidem in patients undergoing extraction as patients presented with lesser severity in their anxiety levels.

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