Review of Othello Syndrome and its Relationship with Neurological Disorders

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S225-S225 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Michielsen ◽  
L. De Jonge ◽  
S. Petrykiv ◽  
M. Arts
Keyword(s):  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Lewy Body Disease ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
The Right

IntroductionOthello syndrome is a psychotic disorder characterized by delusion of infidelity or jealousy. It predominantly occurs in the context of specific psychiatric or neurological disorders. Othello syndrome is associated with mental changes including excessive aggression, hostility, and irritability. Patients with Othello syndrome misinterpret the behaviour of the spouse or sexual partner to provide evidence for their false perception.Objectives and aimsThe purpose of this paper is to examine the phenomenon of Othello syndrome as a result of specific neurological diseases.MethodsThe study design was a retrospective case series of patients with Othello syndrome. We searched the electronic databases PubMed and Embase for review articles and original research using the search terms ‘Othello syndrome, Morbid Jealousy, Pathological Jealousy, Delusional Jealousy, Delusions and Infidelity, Delusions of Jealousy or Infidelity’.ResultsIn the present study of 95 case reports, the relationship between Othello syndrome and a neurological pathology was described. This syndrome was most commonly associated with neurodegenerative diseases (59%), followed by medication induced Othello syndrome (13.7%) and vascular dementia (8.4%). Lesions particularly in the right (dorsolateral) frontal lobes were associated with this syndrome.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that Othello syndrome occurs most frequently in patients with right frontal lobe dysfunction. It is predominantly related with Lewy Body Disease and Alzheimer's disease. Clinicians should keep an “index of suspicion” regarding dementia when Othello syndrome presents in elderly persons.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

A systematic report review of Ganser syndrome: 118 years of case studies

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S699-S699
Author(s):  
S. Petrykiv ◽  
L. De Jonge ◽  
W. Sibma ◽  
M. Arts
Keyword(s):  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Dsm V ◽  
Somatic Disorders ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Somatic Diseases ◽  
Insight Into

IntroductionGanser syndrome was first described by a German psychiatrist Ganser in 1898, in a patient who showed a peculiar twilight state. Ganser syndrome is defined as the presence of approximate answers, somatic conversion symptoms, clouding of consciousness, and pseudo-hallucinations. The etiology of this disease remains a subject of debate. While the DSM-IV-TR classifies Ganser syndrome under the heading of dissociative disorder, it is not listed as a diagnosis in the DSM-V.Objectives and aimsThe purpose of this paper is to review available literature on Ganser syndrome, published in Dutch, English, German, and French for examining the etiological debate, in order to gain insight into the etiology of this disorder.MethodsThe study design was a retrospective case series of all published cases since 1898. For this purpose we used the electronic databases PubMed and Embase.ResultsOver a period of 118 years, we found 79 papers, describing 117 case reports on Ganser syndrome. It generally occurs in patients who are exposed to somatic disorders or to psychological stress, however, often in absence of a psychiatric disorder.ConclusionsGanser syndrome remains a controversial disorder in terms of its etiology. Ganser syndrome has been associated with organic disorders, as well as with stressful and intolerable life events. Based on this report, it is noteworthy that this syndrome predominantly occurs in the absence of co-morbid psychiatric disorders and is often associated with stress factors and underlying somatic diseases.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Neurological manifestations and neuroimaging findings in patients with SARS-CoV2—a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikita Mohan ◽  
Muhammad Ali Fayyaz ◽  
Christopher del Rio ◽  
Navpreet Kaur Rajinder Singh Khurana ◽  
Sampada Sandip Vaidya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Altered Mental Status ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Neurological Manifestations ◽  
The Cochrane Library ◽  
Ct And Mri

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic has drastically affected everyone in a hit or miss manner. Since it began, evidence of the neuro-invasive potential of the virus has been intensifying significantly. Several pathways have been hypothesized to elucidate the neurotropic nature of SARS-CoV2. It is the need of the hour to collect vital information. Objective To evaluate and correlate the neuro-radiological and neurological manifestations in patients diagnosed with SARS-CoV2. To identify neuro-invasive pathways of COVID infection. Methods Relevant studies were identified through four databases—the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Science Direct, and Web of Science. These were searched using relevant keywords—“COVID-19,” “SARS-CoV2,” “neurological manifestations,” “neuroimaging,” “CT,” and “MRI.” Relevant articles were screened according to a pre-defined inclusion and exclusion criteria from December 2019 to August 2020. Results Our review included a total of 63 full text publications with 584 patients, composed mainly of observational studies, case reports, and case series. The most common neurological manifestations associated with COVID-19 were altered mental status, stroke, and paralysis. About 17.85% patients who underwent neuroimaging were found to be having ischemic changes suggestive of a stroke. This was followed by hemorrhagic changes as the second most common finding. The most commonly involved vessel was the Middle Cerebral Artery. Besides stroke, we found that SARS-CoV2 could be the cause for new-onset seizures, Guillain-Barre Syndrome, encephalitis, and many other severe neurological diseases. Conclusion The information that we have obtained so far will prove dynamic to healthcare providers working against the COVID-19 pandemic. It is necessary to be aware of these atypical neurological findings for the early diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 infected patients. However, to completely understand the connection between SARS-CoV2 and the nervous system, further research is necessary.

Management of Refractory Intracranial Hypotension Using Percutaneous Fibrin Sealant Patch – A Case Series and Review of the Literature

2019 ◽  
pp. 13-31
Author(s):  
Kevin Wong
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Fibrin Sealant ◽  
Intracranial Hypotension ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Percutaneous Injection ◽  
Retrospective Case Series ◽  
Blood Patch

Background: Intracranial hypotension (IH) among patients with persistent cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage remains a challenging problem. The majority of these cases resolve spontaneously with conservative measures. The customary treatment for IH is epidural blood patch (EBP). In some cases, CSF leaks can persist for months or even years despite multiple trials of EBP. To date, there are only a limited number of published studies documenting the percutaneous injection of fibrin sealant for treatment of IH refractory to conservative measures and EBP. Objective: Our objective was to perform a literature review and retrospective case series regarding patients who underwent percutaneous injection of fibrin sealant for treatment of refractory IH at our institution. Study Design: This case series used a singlecentered retrospective observational study design and literature review. Setting: Patients in this case series were treated at a community-based tertiary care medical center. Methods: Five consecutive patients with the diagnosis of IH refractory to conservative measures and EBP who underwent percutaneous patching with fibrin sealant were identified at our institution between January 1, 2000 and January 1, 2016. A retrospective chart review was performed and data including demographics, characteristics, interventions, clinical outcomes, and complications were collected. A critical review of the current literature regarding the percutaneous use of fibrin sealant for treatment of IH was conducted. Results: Four of the 5 patients (80%) experienced no further symptoms of IH and no adverse events were noted. One patient (20%) ultimately required surgical duroplasty. Review of the current literature showed a total of 2 prospective case series, 4 retrospective case series, and 11 case reports. Our present case series and literature review demonstrated that fibrin sealants were well-tolerated by most patients and associated with low incidences of complications and recurrence. Limitations: This study is limited by the small retrospective case series of 5 patients. Conclusions: Percutaneous injection of fibrin sealant may be considered in refractory cases of IH when repeated trials of EBP have persistently failed. It appears to be a highly effective, safe, and easy-touse alternative therapy for patients with refractory IH in an ambulatory setting. Our review of the literature revealed only studies with low quality of evidence, including case series and case reports. There is a substantial need for high-quality studies and clinical evidence to corroborate the efficacy and safety of this percutaneous technique. However, this ideal is very challenging because of the relative rarity and heterogeneous etiologies of cases. Keywords: Fibrin sealant, intracranial hypotension, CSF leak, epidural blood patch, orthostatic headache, refractory, quality of life, percutaneous

scholarly journals COVID-19 and Influenza Co-infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoud Dadashi ◽  
Saeedeh Khaleghnejad ◽  
Parisa Abedi Elkhichi ◽  
Mehdi Goudarzi ◽  
Hossein Goudarzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Influenza Infection ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Respiratory Pathogens ◽  
Prevalence Studies

Background and Aim: Co-infection of COVID-19 with other respiratory pathogens which may complicate the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of COVID-19 emerge new concern. The overlap of COVID-19 and influenza, as two epidemics at the same time can occur in the cold months of the year. The aim of current study was to evaluate the rate of such co-infection as a systematic review and meta-analysis.Methods: A systematic literature search was performed on September 28, 2019 for original research articles published in Medline, Web of Science, and Embase databases from December 2019 to September 2020 using relevant keywords. Patients of all ages with simultaneous COVID-19 and influenza were included. Statistical analysis was performed using STATA 14 software.Results: Eleven prevalence studies with total of 3,070 patients with COVID-19, and 79 patients with concurrent COVID-19 and influenza were selected for final evaluation. The prevalence of influenza infection was 0.8% in patients with confirmed COVID-19. The frequency of influenza virus co-infection among patients with COVID-19 was 4.5% in Asia and 0.4% in the America. Four prevalence studies reported the sex of patients, which were 30 men and 31 women. Prevalence of co-infection with influenza in men and women with COVID-19 was 5.3 and 9.1%, respectively. Eight case reports and 7 case series with a total of 123 patients with COVID-19 were selected, 29 of them (16 men, 13 women) with mean age of 48 years had concurrent infection with influenza viruses A/B. Fever, cough, and shortness of breath were the most common clinical manifestations. Two of 29 patients died (6.9%), and 17 out of 29 patients recovered (58.6%). Oseltamivir and hydroxychloroquine were the most widely used drugs used for 41.4, and 31% of patients, respectively.Conclusion: Although a low proportion of COVID-19 patients have influenza co-infection, however, the importance of such co-infection, especially in high-risk individuals and the elderly, cannot be ignored. We were unable to report the exact rate of simultaneous influenza in COVID-19 patients worldwide due to a lack of data from several countries. Obviously, more studies are needed to evaluate the exact effect of the COVID-19 and influenza co-infection in clinical outcomes.

Immunosuppressive therapy of systemic lupus erythematosus associated peripheral neuropathy: A systematic review

Lupus ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (12) ◽  
pp. 1509-1519
Author(s):  
Alexandru Constantin ◽  
Daniela Năstase ◽  
Delia Tulbă ◽  
Paul Bălănescu ◽  
Cristian Băicuș
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Immunosuppressive Agents ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Manifestations

Introduction Peripheral neurologic manifestations may be associated with most of the collagen vascular diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), yet most of the times it is not clear what therapy should be prescribed. EULAR recommendations for the management of systemic lupus erythematosus with neuropsychiatric manifestations suggest the use of glucocorticoids and immunosuppressive agents for the treatment of SLE associated peripheral neuropathy (PN) (strength of statement A, category of evidence 1), however these recommendations are based on studies that did not focus specifically on PN but rather on neuropsychiatric manifestations of SLE out of which only one was a randomized controlled clinical trial that included 7 patients with peripheral neuropathy. The objective of this systematic review is to determine whether the pathogenic treatments (corticosteroids, immunosuppressive agents, intravenous immunoglobulins, plasmapheresis) are effective for SLE associated PN. Methods We searched MEDLINE for all the studies that included the pathogenic treatment of SLE associated PN. The purpose was to identify randomized clinical trials, and in the absence of these, we included observational studies and case reports or case series. Results The search returned only retrospective case reports or case series. Only one prospective study, a randomized controlled study, was focused on neuropsychiatric SLE and included few patients with PN (7). Some studies reported cases of PN responsive to glucocorticoids (GC), cyclophosphamide (CYC), rituximab (RTX), azathioprine (AZA), plasmapheresis (PPH), intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) or different combinations of these immunosuppressive agents, whereas others noticed effectiveness of sequential treatments (i.e. administration of a therapeutic agent after another single agent or a combination of agents had previously failed). Many studies did not mention how the outcomes were objectively measured. Conclusions There are no interventional studies dedicated to the SLE associated PN, only retrospective case reports or case series which not only did they show contradictory results, but they also represent the lowest level of evidence. There is a strong need for new analytical studies dedicated to SLE associated PN. Protocol registered with PROSPERO (number CRD42019121748).

Evidence of the high prevalence of neurological disorders in nonsyndromic X-linked recessive ichthyosis: a retrospective case series

2018 ◽  
Vol 179 (4) ◽  
pp. 933-939 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Rodrigo-Nicolás ◽  
E. Bueno-Martínez ◽  
A. Martín-Santiago ◽  
J. Cañueto ◽  
A. Vicente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Retrospective Case Series ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Recessive Ichthyosis

Insights From Practice With Use of Direct Oral Anticoagulants in Transplantation

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 380-385
Author(s):  
Razan Alsheikh ◽  
Osamah M. Alfayez ◽  
Majed S. Al Yami
Keyword(s):  
Case Reports ◽  
Oral Anticoagulants ◽  
Direct Oral Anticoagulants ◽  
Organ Transplant ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Solid Organ ◽  
Special Population ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Transplant Patients ◽  
Attractive Option

Solid organ transplant patients are at risk of developing atrial fibrillation and venous thromboembolism. Direct oral anticoagulants are considered an attractive option for anticoagulation in patients due to their convenience; however, strong evidence of their use in transplantation is lacking. We conducted a search using Pubmed, Embase, and Scopus databases, in addition to International Society of Heart and Lung transplantation and American Transplant Congress abstracts (from 2012 through December 2017). Fourteen articles were reviewed that included case reports, retrospective case series, or chart review analyses of small cohorts. Based on this review, the findings can only generate hypotheses that should be further studied in a larger randomized cohort. This review can help clinicians gain insight into the use of direct oral anticoagulant in this special population. For now, clinicians should be cautious about their use in this special population.

scholarly journals Applications of Office-Based 445 nm Blue Laser Transnasal Flexible Laser Surgery: A Case Series and Review of Practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 105S-112S
Author(s):  
Benjamin John Miller ◽  
Amr Abdelhamid ◽  
Yakubu Karagama
Keyword(s):  
Laser Surgery ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Primary Outcome Measure ◽  
Blue Laser ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Laryngeal Lesions ◽  
Benign Laryngeal Lesions

Background: The recent introduction of 445 nm blue laser to office-based laryngology presents potential advantages. These include a desirable combination of cutting and photoangiolytic qualities and a lightweight, shock-resistant design. Despite its increasing use, current evidence is limited to experimental data and case reports. Objectives: The authors present a case series and overview of office blue laser transnasal flexible laser surgery (TNFLS), considering indications, patient selection, safety, technique, and surgical outcomes. We also review the safety and relevance of TNFLS to the ongoing coronavirus pandemic. Methods: Retrospective case series and narrative review. Our primary outcome measure was preoperative and postoperative Voice Handicap Index (VHI-10) score. Complications were documented by nature and severity. Results: Thirty-six cases of office blue laser TNFLS were performed. A statistically significant improvement in VHI-10 score was demonstrated in cases of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) and benign laryngeal lesions causing dysphonia ( P < 0.01 and 0.045). Blue laser also proved effective in assisting office biopsy procedures. A minor and self-limiting complication was reported. Conclusions: Office blue laser TNFLS is safe and effective in the treatment of RRP and a range of benign laryngeal lesions. Future research should compare the efficacy and safety of blue laser with potassium titanyl phosphate laser in office-based treatment of these conditions. Further assessment of the cutting qualities of blue laser, initially in the theater environment, is necessary to refine our understanding of future applications.

scholarly journals Bibliometric analysis of adverse drug reactions and pharmacovigilance research activities in Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 204209862092248
Author(s):  
Sunil Shrestha ◽  
Krisha Danekhu ◽  
Bhuvan KC ◽  
Subish Palaian ◽  
Mohamed Izham Mohamed Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Bibliometric Analysis ◽  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Research Performance ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Research Activities

Background: Bibliometric analyses have been used previously to study the measures of quality and impact of research performed in several health-related areas such as adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and pharmacovigilance (PV), etc. This method can assess the research performance of publications quantitatively and statistically. There is no evidence of bibilometric studies analyzing ADRs and PV from Nepal. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess scientific output on ADRs and PV-related research activities in Nepal using a bibliometric analysis of publications from 2004 January to December 2018, that is, 15 years. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Scopus and Nepal Journal Online (NepJOL) databases. ‘Adverse Drug Reactions‘ or ‘ADRs‘ or ‘ADR‘ or ‘Adverse drug reaction‘ or ‘AE‘ or ‘Adverse Event‘ or ‘Drug-Induced Reaction‘ or ‘Pharmacovigilance‘ or ‘PV‘ and ‘Nepal‘. The search covered 15 years (January 2004 to December 2018) of study on ADRs and PV in Nepal. Only articles retrieved from databases were included, whereas published/unpublished drug bulletins, pharmacy newsletters and thesis were excluded. The articles thus retrieved were recorded, and thereafter analyzed. Word count code was used for the analysis of keywords used in the retrieved articles. Results: A total of 124 articles were retrieved, with the highest rate of publications in 2006 and 2007, with 16 papers each. Among the articles, 10 (8.1%) were published in Kathmandu University Medical Journal (KUMJ). Single papers were published in 38 different journals. Brief reports (1.6%), case reports (31.2%), case series (0.8%), education forums (0.8%), letters to the editor (5.6%), original research articles (41.9%), review articles (9.7%), short communications and short reports (8.1%) on ADRs and PV were recorded. Out of 124 papers, 52 (41.9%) were original research publications. The majority (74.1%) of research was done in the category of ADR incidence, types, prevention, and management, followed by policy and suggestions for strengthening national and regional pharmacovigilance centers of Nepal (14.5%). Conclusions: During the study years, there was an increase in scientific publications on drug safety. A total of 124 published articles were found during bibliometric analysis of ADRs and PV research activities in Nepal.

Absent right superior caval vein in situs solitus

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 334-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebekka Lytzen ◽  
Karin Sundberg ◽  
Niels Vejlstrup
Keyword(s):  
Incidental Finding ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Caval Vein ◽  
Cardinal Vein ◽  
Benign Condition ◽  
Superior Caval Vein ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
The Right

AbstractIntroductionIn up to 0.07% of the general population, the right anterior cardinal vein obliterates and the left remains open, creating an absent right superior caval vein and a persistent left superior caval vein. Absent right superior caval vein is associated with additional congenital heart disease in about half the patients. We wished to study the consequences of absent right superior caval vein as an incidental finding on prenatal ultrasonic malformation screening.Material and methodsThis is a retrospective case series study of all foetuses diagnosed with absent right superior caval vein at the national referral hospital, Rigshospitalet, Denmark, from 2009 to 2012.ResultsIn total, five cases of absent right superior caval vein were reviewed. No significant associated cardiac, extra-cardiac, or genetic anomalies were found. Postnatal echocardiographies confirmed the diagnosis and there were no postnatal complications. All children were found to have healthy hearts at follow-up.ConclusionsIn all cases, the findings proved to be a benign condition with no clinical manifestations or complications. Although isolated absent right superior caval vein does not seem to affect the outcome, associated anomalies may be serious. Absent right superior caval vein should, therefore, prompt a search for additional malformations. Furthermore, the diagnosis of an isolated absent right superior caval vein is important, because knowledge of the anomaly can prevent future problems when invasive procedures are necessary.

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