Chemical variability of Rhododendron tomentosum (Ledum palustre) essential oils and their pro-apoptotic effect on lymphocytes and rheumatoid arthritis synoviocytes

The paper reviews already (in the past fifteen years) published data from research articles on essential oils (EOs) and their biological properties (such as antioxidant, antifungal, anti-inflammatory and toxic activity) of marsh rosemary (Rhododendron tomentosum (Stokes) Harmaja (ex Ledum palustre Linnaeus, Ericaceae Juss.) growing wild in Lithuania. Rh. tomentosum is a perennial woody shrub (up to 1 m in height) with evergreen leaves and small white or white-pink sticky flowers grouped in racemes. The plant emits a strong specific smell that affects the central nervous system, and may cause nausea, headache or aggressive behaviour to some people. Only one species of the plant (ex L. palustre var. palustre) grows in Lithuania, mainly forming colonies in limited areas over all the territory. Marsh rosemary are widely used in folk medicine and homeopathy for treatment of various sickness, externally and internally as well. Most applications of Rh. tomentosum and pharmacological properties have been validated by scientific researches. In Lithuania, the plant is used for healing rheumatism, different pains, insect bites, eczema and other skin problems, infections, bronchitis, asthma, cold, tuberculosis, to block bleeding, etc. Rhododendron tomentosum H. (ex Ledum palustre L.) plants, the essential oils (EOs) of which are already investigated, were collected mostly in the Eastern part of the country (Rokiškis, Utena, Vilnius and Šalčininkai districts). Monoterpene hydrocarbons, p-cymene, myrcene and limonene, bicyclic monoterpenoid ascaridole and oxygenated sesquiterpenes, ledol, palustrol and cyclocolorenone isomers, were found to be principal compounds in the investigated EOs. Some oils contained appreciable quantities of heterocyclic compound lepalol. Most of the oils could be attributed to the ledol+palustrol or ledol+palustrol+ascaridole chemotype. Antifungal activity of Rh. tomentosum EOs was evaluated by several different techniques: against Penicillium cyclopium Westling, Trichoderma harzianum Rifai and Candida parapsilosis using an agar diffusion method; and amperometricaly, using Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast-modified electrodes. Anti-inflammatory activity of Lithuanian marsh rosemary EOs has been revealed by subcutaneous carrageenan injection-induced hind paw oedema tests. However, antioxidant activity (tests using ABTS˙+, DPPH˙ and TROLOX) and toxic properties (against brine shrimp (Artemia sera) larvae) of Rh. tomentosum EOs were summarized.

Download Full-text

Essential Oils and Supercritical CO2 Extracts of Arctic Angelica (Angelica archangelica L.), Marsh Labrador Tea (Rhododendron tomentosum) and Common Tansy (Tanacetum vulgare)—Chemical Compositions and Antimicrobial Activities

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26237121 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (23) ◽

pp. 7121

Author(s):

Risto I. Korpinen ◽

Anna-Liisa Välimaa ◽

Jaana Liimatainen ◽

Susan Kunnas

Keyword(s):

Essential Oils ◽

Antimicrobial Properties ◽

Extraction Methods ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Chemical Compositions ◽

Tanacetum Vulgare ◽

Ledum Palustre ◽

Angelica Archangelica ◽

Labrador Tea ◽

Rhododendron Tomentosum

Traditionally, arctic Finnish Angelica (Angelica archangelica L.), marsh Labrador tea (Rhododendron tomentosum, syn. Ledum palustre) and common tansy (Tanacetum vulgare) have been used as medicinal herbs in folklore medicine. However, these underutilised plants are a source of, e.g., oil-based compounds, which could benefit many modern applications implemented by the green chemistry extraction methods, as well. We extracted Angelica, marsh Labrador tea and common tansy by non-toxic and recyclable extraction methods, i.e., hydrodistillation and supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) extraction; characterised the essential oils (EOs) and scCO2 extracts by combination of gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and in addition, analysed the antimicrobial properties. As expected for Angelica root and common tansy inflorescence, the scCO2 extraction method produced less amount of volatile compounds compared to hydrodistillation. On the other hand, more coumarins, alkanes, fatty alcohols and fatty acids were obtained. Additionally, sesquiterpenoids palustrol and ledol were predominant compounds in both marsh Labrador tea EO and scCO2 extract. According to our results, however, all the EOs and scCO2 extracts showed broad spectrum of antimicrobial activities against the selected microbes, but the effects were extract-specific. The strongest and broadest antimicrobial activities were performed by marsh Labrador tea scCO2 extract, which showed extremely strong effect on Staphylococcusaureus subsp. aureus and strong effect on Candida albicans.

Download Full-text

Chemical variability and antioxidant activities of the essential oils of the aerial parts of Ammoides verticillata and the roots of Carthamus caeruleus and their synergistic effect in combination

Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening ◽

10.2174/1386207323666200606213057 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 23 ◽

Author(s):

Imane Rihab Mami ◽

Noria Merad-Boussalah ◽

Mohammed El Amine Dib ◽

Boufeldja Tabti ◽

Jean Costa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Natural Food ◽

Chemical Compositions ◽

Chemical Variability ◽

Ammoides Verticillata

Aim and Objective: Oxidative stress is implicated in the development and progression of many disease. Some of appropriate actions that could be initiated to taken to resolve the problem of these diseases are search for new antioxidant substances isolated from plants. The aims of this study were to study the intraspecies variations of A. verticillata and C. caeruleus essential oils from 8 locations using statistical analysis, the in vitro antioxidant properties of collective essential oils and in combinations. Materials and Methods: The essential oils were analyzed by GC and GC-MS. The intraspecies variations of the essential oil compositions were discussed using principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA). The antioxidant properties were evaluated DPPH-radical scavenging activity and β-carotene bleaching test. Results: The main components of Ammoides verticillata collective essential oil (Coll EO) were thymol (30.5%), carvacrol (23.2%), p-cymene (13.1%), limonene (12.5%) and terpinene-4-ol (12.3%). While roots of Carthamus caeruleus essential oil were dominated by carline oxide (86.2%). The chemical variability allowed the discrimination of two main Groups for both Coll EOs. A direct correlation between the altitudes, climate and the chemical compositions was evidenced. Ammoides verticulata and Carthamus caeruleus Coll Eos showed good antioxidant activity. In binary mixture, the interaction both Coll Eos and between oils rich of thymol and/or carvacrol with carlina oxide produced the best synergistic effects, compared to individual essential oils and the synthetic antioxidant (BHT). Conclusion: Ammoides verticillata and Carthamus caeruleus essential oil blends can be used as a natural food preservative and alternative to chemical antioxidants.

Download Full-text

Chemical Variability of Peel and Leaf Essential Oils in the Citrus Subgenus Papeda (Swingle) and Few Relatives

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10061117 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 1117

Author(s):

Clémentine Baccati ◽

Marc Gibernau ◽

Mathieu Paoli ◽

Patrick Ollitrault ◽

Félix Tomi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oils ◽

13C Nmr ◽

Chemical Diversity ◽

Field Crop ◽

High Chemical ◽

Crop Species ◽

Nmr Spectrometry ◽

Chemical Variability ◽

Almost All ◽

Experimental Crosses

The Papeda Citrus subgenus includes several species belonging to two genetically distinct groups, containing mostly little-exploited wild forms of citrus. However, little is known about the potentially large and novel aromatic diversity contained in these wild citruses. In this study, we characterized and compared the essential oils obtained from peels and leaves from representatives of both Papeda groups, and three related hybrids. Using a combination of GC, GC-MS, and 13C-NMR spectrometry, we identified a total of 60 compounds in peel oils (PO), and 76 compounds in leaf oils (LO). Limonene was the major component in almost all citrus PO, except for C. micrantha and C. hystrix, where β-pinene dominated (around 35%). LO composition was more variable, with different major compounds among almost all samples, except for two citrus pairs: C. micrantha/C. hystrix and two accessions of C. ichangensis. In hybrid relatives, the profiles were largely consistent with their Citrus/Papeda parental lineage. This high chemical diversity, not only among the sections of the subgenus Papeda, but also between species and even at the intraspecific level, suggests that Papeda may be an important source of aroma diversity for future experimental crosses with field crop species.

Download Full-text

THU0105 The effects of interleukin-17 on production of vascular endothelial growth factor in cultured rheumatoid arthritis synoviocytes

10.1136/annrheumdis-2001.982 ◽

2001 ◽

Author(s):

K Sung ◽

K Ihm Soo ◽

K Ha Yeon ◽

K Yu Sun

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Interleukin 17 ◽

Vascular Endothelial ◽

Rheumatoid Arthritis Synoviocytes ◽

Endothelial Growth Factor

Download Full-text

TLR dependent XBP-1 activation induces an autocrine loop in rheumatoid arthritis synoviocytes

Journal of Autoimmunity ◽

10.1016/j.jaut.2013.11.002 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 50 ◽

pp. 59-66 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

Sinisa Savic ◽

Lylia Ouboussad ◽

Laura J. Dickie ◽

Janina Geiler ◽

Chi Wong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Autocrine Loop ◽

Rheumatoid Arthritis Synoviocytes

Download Full-text

Chemical variability of Artemisia herba-alba Asso essential oils from East Morocco

Chemical Papers ◽

10.2478/s11696-010-0051-5 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 64 (5) ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Julien Paolini ◽

El Ouariachi ◽

Abdelhamid Bouyanzer ◽

Belkheir Hammouti ◽

Jean-Marie Desjobert ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Statistical Analysis ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Detailed Analysis ◽

Chemical Compositions ◽

Qualitative And Quantitative ◽

Chemical Variability ◽

Regional Specificity ◽

Total Oil

AbstractChemical compositions of 16 Artemisia herba-alba oil samples harvested in eight East Moroccan locations were investigated by GC and GC/MS. Chemical variability of the A. herba-alba oils is also discussed using statistical analysis. Detailed analysis of the essential oils led to the identification of 52 components amounting to 80.5–98.6 % of the total oil. The investigated chemical compositions showed significant qualitative and quantitative differences. According to their major components (camphor, chrysanthenone, and α- and β-thujone), three main groups of essential oils were found. This study also found regional specificity of the major components.

Download Full-text

Variation of essential oil composition of fruits of Zanthoxylum leprieurii Guill. et Perr (Rutaceae) from different sample locations and during their maturation period

International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences ◽

10.4314/ijbcs.v14i2.25 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 626-637

Author(s):

Yoro Tine ◽

Alioune Diallo ◽

William Diatta ◽

Idrissa Ndoye ◽

Rokhya Sylla Guèye ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Sickle Cell Anaemia ◽

Essential Oil Composition ◽

Maturity Stage ◽

Oil Composition ◽

Volatile Composition ◽

Maturation Period ◽

Chemical Variability

The fruits of Zanthoxylum leprieurii Guill. & Perr. (Rutaceae) are traditionally used in Africa, particularly in Cameroon, as a spice and in the treatment of sickle cell anaemia. The objective of this study was to investigate the fruit essential oils from different sample locations and during their maturation period by using GC and GC-MS. Except for one sample collected in Aniak which consisted mainly of oxygenated monoterpenes, the volatile composition of Z. leprieurii fruits exhibited relative high amounts of monoterpene hydrocarbons (61.1-90.9%) such as (E)-β-ocimene (13.4-75.2%) and a-pinene (1.1-40.7%). The influence of the maturity stage on the chemical composition of the essential oils has resulted in an increase of oil yield and variations in the content of volatile compounds (a-pinene 13.3-75.6; (E)-β-ocimene 2.9-64.0%). Keywords: Senegal, Zanthoxylum leprieurii fruits, essential oil, chemical variability, stage of maturity and GC-MS.

Download Full-text

Chemical Variation and Implications on Repellency Activity of Tephrosia vogelii (Hook f.) Essential Oils Against Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky

Agriculture ◽

10.3390/agriculture10050164 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 164

Author(s):

Nasifu Kerebba ◽

Adebola O. Oyedeji ◽

Robert Byamukama ◽

Simon K. Kuria ◽

Opeoluwa O. Oyedeji

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Principal Component ◽

Sitophilus Zeamais ◽

Chemical Variability ◽

Tephrosia Vogelii ◽

Dry Seasons ◽

Alkyl Benzenes ◽

Eastern Uganda ◽

Repellency Activity

The aim of this research is to characterize the variation in the chemical composition of Tephrosia vogelii essential oils from different locations and to investigate the repellency of essential oils against Sitophilus zeamais. Chemical variability in the components of T. vogelii essential oils from eastern Uganda was identified using principal component analysis (PCA) and agglomerative hierarchical clustering (AHC). Based on the profiles of the compounds of the farnesene family, three chemotypes were found: farnesol (chemotype 1), springene (β-springene and α-springene) and β-farnesene were all distinctive in chemotype 2 and a mixed variety of farnesol and springene. In the three cases, alkyl benzenes (o-xylene, m-xylene and ethylbenzene) were significant components in the oil. The compounds 1,4-dihydroxy-p-menth-2-ene, 6,10-dimethyl-5,9-undecadien-2-one, and 3,4-dimethyl-3-cyclohexen-1-carboxaldehyde were other prominent constituents. The yields of the essential oils did not vary significantly, however the chemical composition varied with harvesting time during the rainy and dry seasons. In choice repellency tests, chemotype 1 and chemotype 2 were more active against Sitophilus zeamais than the mixed chemotype. Farnesol was found to be effective only at a higher concentration as a repellent against S. zeamais. We therefore hypothesize that farnesol is a key player in this and we demonstrated the weak repellency of this compound. However, further study that aims to optimize and standardize the varieties and harvesting period is needed for recommendation to smallhold farmers.

Download Full-text

Composition and Chemical Variability of Ivoirian Xylopia staudtii Leaf Oil

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1501000666 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 1934578X1501000

Author(s):

Thierry Acafou Yapi ◽

Jean Brice Boti ◽

Antoine Coffy Ahibo ◽

Sylvain Sutour ◽

Ange Bighelli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Nmr Spectroscopy ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Oil Composition ◽

Chemical Variability ◽

Germacrene D ◽

Leaf Oil ◽

Nmr Techniques ◽

C Nmr

The chemical composition of a leaf oil sample from Ivoirian Xylopia staudtii Engler & Diels (Annonaceae) has been investigated by a combination of chromatographic [GC(RI)] and spectroscopic (GC-MS, 13C NMR) techniques. Thirty-five components that accounted for 91.8% of the whole composition have been identified. The oil composition was dominated by the furanoguaiadienes furanoguaia-1,4-diene (39.0%) and furanoguaia-1,3-diene (7.5%), and by germacrene D (17.5%). The composition of twelve other leaf oil samples demonstrated qualitative homogeneity, but quantitative variability. Indeed, the contents of the major components varied substantially: furanoguaia-1,4-diene (24.7–51.7%) and germacrene D (5.9–24.8%). The composition of X. staudtii leaf oil is close to that of X. rubescens leaf oil but varied drastically from those of the essential oils isolated from other Xylopia species. 13C NMR spectroscopy appeared as a powerful and complementary tool for analysis of sesquiterpene-rich essential oils.

Download Full-text