Essential Oils and Supercritical CO2 Extracts of Arctic Angelica (Angelica archangelica L.), Marsh Labrador Tea (Rhododendron tomentosum) and Common Tansy (Tanacetum vulgare)—Chemical Compositions and Antimicrobial Activities

Traditionally, arctic Finnish Angelica (Angelica archangelica L.), marsh Labrador tea (Rhododendron tomentosum, syn. Ledum palustre) and common tansy (Tanacetum vulgare) have been used as medicinal herbs in folklore medicine. However, these underutilised plants are a source of, e.g., oil-based compounds, which could benefit many modern applications implemented by the green chemistry extraction methods, as well. We extracted Angelica, marsh Labrador tea and common tansy by non-toxic and recyclable extraction methods, i.e., hydrodistillation and supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) extraction; characterised the essential oils (EOs) and scCO2 extracts by combination of gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and in addition, analysed the antimicrobial properties. As expected for Angelica root and common tansy inflorescence, the scCO2 extraction method produced less amount of volatile compounds compared to hydrodistillation. On the other hand, more coumarins, alkanes, fatty alcohols and fatty acids were obtained. Additionally, sesquiterpenoids palustrol and ledol were predominant compounds in both marsh Labrador tea EO and scCO2 extract. According to our results, however, all the EOs and scCO2 extracts showed broad spectrum of antimicrobial activities against the selected microbes, but the effects were extract-specific. The strongest and broadest antimicrobial activities were performed by marsh Labrador tea scCO2 extract, which showed extremely strong effect on Staphylococcusaureus subsp. aureus and strong effect on Candida albicans.

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Systematics Evaluations of Morphological Traits, Chemical Composition, and Antimicrobial Properties of Selected Varieties of Elettaria cardamomum (L.) Maton

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x19892688 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 (12) ◽

pp. 1934578X1989268

Author(s):

Aftab Alam ◽

Rita Singh Majumdar ◽

Pravej Alam

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Morphological Traits ◽

Morphological Character ◽

Antimicrobial Properties ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Major Constituent ◽

Chemical Compositions ◽

Elettaria Cardamomum ◽

Maximum Inhibition

Elettaria cardamomum is cultivated in the Southern part of India showed great extinct of differences in their morphotypes and chemical compositions. In the present study, we have selected three varieties of Elettaria cardamomum “Valley Green, Palakuzhi, and ICRI”, to analyze the morphological perturbations, chemical compositions, and antimicrobial activities. The differences in the morphological character of cardamom varieties (Valley Green, Palakuzhi, and ICRI) were carried out on the basis of panicles, capsules shape, plant height, tiller, and seeds per capsule. The GC-MS analysis of the essential oils resulted in the identification of 27, 29, 30 compounds representing over 97.4%, 95.2%, and 98.8% of the Valley Green (VG), Palakuzhi (PAL), and ICRI fruit oils respectively. Monoterpene, α-terpinyl acetate varied from 35.4 to 47.5%, a major constituent while 1,8-cineole (22.8% to 27.4%) observed the second major compounds revealed in oils of these cultivars. Further, the antimicrobial activities of each essential oils were performed against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Candida albicans, and Aspergillus niger. The maximum inhibition percentage against the microbes was observed in Valley Green essential oil as compared to oils of other varieties.

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Composition and Antimicrobial Properties of Sardinian Juniperus Essential Oils against Foodborne Pathogens and Spoilage Microorganisms

Journal of Food Protection ◽

10.4315/0362-028x-66.7.1288 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 66 (7) ◽

pp. 1288-1291 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

SOFIA COSENTINO ◽

ANDREA BARRA ◽

BARBARA PISANO ◽

MADDALENA CABIZZA ◽

FILIPPO MARIA PIRISI ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oils ◽

Foodborne Pathogens ◽

Antimicrobial Properties ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Aflatoxin Contamination ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Chemical Compositions ◽

Microdilution Method ◽

Ms Analysis ◽

Broth Microdilution Method

In this work, the chemical compositions and antimicrobial properties of Juniperus essential oils and of their main components were determined. Five berry essential oils obtained from different species of Juniperus growing wild in Sardinia were analyzed. The components of the essential oils were identified by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. The antimicrobial activities of the oils and their components against food spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms were determined by a broth microdilution method. The GC-MS analysis showed a certain variability in the concentrations of the main constituents of the oils. α-Pinene was largely predominant in the oils of the species J. phoenicea subsp. turbinata and J. oxycedrus. α-Pinene and myrcene constituted the bulk (67.56%) of the essential oil of J. communis. Significant quantitative differences were observed for myrcene, δ-3-carene, and d-germacrene. The results of the antimicrobial assay show that the oils of J. communis and J. oxycedrus failed to inhibit any of the microorganisms at the highest concentrations tested (MLC ≥ 900 μg/ml), while the oils extracted from J. turbinata specimens were active against fungi, particularly against a strain of Aspergillus flavus (an aflatoxin B1 producer). Of the single compounds tested, δ-3-carene was found to possess the broadest spectrum of activity and appeared to contribute significantly to the antifungal activity observed for J. turbinata oils. This activity may be helpful in the prevention of aflatoxin contamination for many foods.

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Antimicrobial Activities in Pistacia atlantica—Aphids Make a Difference!

Proceedings ◽

10.3390/proceedings2020066009 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 66 (1) ◽

pp. 9

Author(s):

Yoram Gerchman

Keyword(s):

Secondary Metabolites ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Organic Solvents ◽

Antimicrobial Properties ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Disk Diffusion ◽

Pistacia Atlantica ◽

Disk Diffusion Assay ◽

Bacteria And Fungi ◽

Diffusion Assay

Plants have been explored and used as sources for antimicrobial extract and compounds for many years, but galls—specialized structures forms on such by diversity of organisms—have been explored much less. Aphid galls host many insects in closed, humid and sugar rich environments for long periods. We have tested the antimicrobial properties of Slavum wertheimae aphid galls on Pistacia atlantica. Secondary metabolites were extracted from leaves and galls with organic solvents, and essential oils with Clevenger, and tested by disk diffusion assay and volatile effect on bacteria and fungi, respectively. The results demonstrated that gall extracts/essential oils had much stronger activity against the diversity of bacteria and fungi. The large diversity of galls suggest they could be explored as source for novel compounds.

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Antimicrobial activities of laboratory produced essential oil solutions against five selected fungal strains

Zbornik Matice srpske za prirodne nauke ◽

10.2298/zmspn1324171i ◽

2013 ◽

pp. 171-183 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Emilija Ivanova ◽

Natalija Atanasova-Pancevska ◽

Dzoko Kungulovski

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Antimicrobial Properties ◽

Microtiter Plate ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Food Preservation ◽

Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations ◽

Fungal Strains ◽

Treat Ment ◽

Penicillium Spp

It is well known that essential oils possess significant antimicrobial activity. This study was conducted to estimate the antimicrobial activity of various types of Biokill, a laboratory produced solution composed of several essential oils (Biokill dissolved in 96% ethanol; Biokill 96% further dissolved in DMSO; Biokill dissolved in 70% ethanol and Biokill 70% further dissolved in DMSO). The antimicrobial activity was evaluated against five selected fungal strains, Candida albicans ATCC 10231, Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 9763, Aspergillus niger I.N. 1110, Aspergillus sojae CCF and Penicillium spp. FNS FCC 266. A variation of the microtiter plate-based antimicrobial assay was used in order to assess the antimicrobial activity of the solutions. By applying this assay minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the Biokill solutions were determined for each strain of the selected test microorganisms. The results demonstrated that all variations of Biokill showed antimicrobial activity at concentrations lower than 2.5?g/mL. Biokill 70% further dissolved in DMSO showed the best antimicrobial properties against all the selected strains with MICs less than 1.25?g/mL. These results indicated that Biokill could find application in the pharmaceutical industry, in food preservation and conservation, in the prevention and treat?ment of plants infected by certain phytopathogens, etc.

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Chemical compositions, yield variations and antimicrobial activities of essential oils from three species of Euodiae Fructus in China

Industrial Crops and Products ◽

10.1016/j.indcrop.2019.111481 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 138 ◽

pp. 111481 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Shan-shan Liu ◽

Zhu-xiang Liu ◽

Hua Wei ◽

Yuan-yuan Yin ◽

Qi-wei Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oils ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Chemical Compositions

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Chemical Compositions and Antimicrobial Activity of the Essential Oils of Piper abbreviatum, P. erecticaule and P. lanatum (Piperaceae)

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1400901235 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 1934578X1400901 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Wan Mohd Nuzul Hakimi Wan Salleh ◽

Farediah Ahmad ◽

Khong Heng Yen

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Dilution Method ◽

Chemical Compositions ◽

Gram Positive Bacteria ◽

Aerial Parts ◽

Ms Analysis ◽

Weak Activity

The study was designed to examine the chemical composition and antimicrobial activities of essential oils extracted from the aerial parts of three Piper species: Piper abbreviatum, P. erecticaule and P. lanatum, all from Malaysia. GC and GC/MS analysis showed qualitative and quantitative differences between these oils. GC and GC-MS analysis of P. abbreviatum, P. erecticaule and P. lanatum oils resulted in the identification of 33, 35 and 39 components, representing 70.5%, 63.4% and 78.2% of the components, respectively. The major components of P. abbreviatum oil were spathulenol (11.2%), ( E)-nerolidol (8.5%) and β-caryophyllene (7.8%), whereas P. erecticaule oil mainly contained β-caryophyllene (5.7%) and spathulenol (5.1%). Borneol (7.5%), β-caryophyllene (6.6%) and α-amorphene (5.6%) were the most abundant components in P. lanatum oil. Antimicrobial activity was carried out using disc diffusion and broth micro-dilution method against nine microorganisms. All of the essential oils displayed weak activity towards Gram-positive bacteria with MIC values in the range 250–500 μg/mL. P. erecticaule oil showed the best activity on Aspergillus niger (MIC 31.3 μg/mL), followed by P. lanatum oil (MIC 62.5 μg/mL). This study demonstrated that the essential oils have potential as antimicrobial agents and may be useful in the pharmaceutical and cosmetics industries.

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Chemical variability of Rhododendron tomentosum (Ledum palustre) essential oils and their pro-apoptotic effect on lymphocytes and rheumatoid arthritis synoviocytes

Fitoterapia ◽

10.1016/j.fitote.2019.104402 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 139 ◽

pp. 104402 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Anna Jesionek ◽

Adam Kokotkiewicz ◽

Anna Mikosik-Roczynska ◽

Klaudia Ciesielska-Figlon ◽

Piotr Luczkiewicz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Ledum Palustre ◽

Chemical Variability ◽

Apoptotic Effect ◽

Rheumatoid Arthritis Synoviocytes ◽

Rhododendron Tomentosum

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Chemical Compositions, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Essential Oils of Piper caninum Blume

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms12117720 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 12 (11) ◽

pp. 7720-7731 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Wan Mohd Nuzul Hakimi Wan Salleh ◽

Farediah Ahmad ◽

Khong Heng Yen ◽

Hasnah Mohd Sirat

Keyword(s):

Essential Oils ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Chemical Compositions ◽

Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activities

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Compositions and Biological Activities of Essential Oils of Kadsura longepedunculata and Schisandra sphenanthera

The American Journal of Chinese Medicine ◽

10.1142/s0192415x07004874 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 35 (02) ◽

pp. 353-364 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Lei Song ◽

Jie-Ying Ding ◽

Cui Tang ◽

Chun-Hua Yin

Keyword(s):

Essential Oils ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Liver Homogenate ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Dilution Method ◽

Chemical Compositions ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Schisandra Sphenanthera

The chemical compositions, antimicrobial activities, antioxidant activities and cytotoxicities of the essential oils isolated from the root of Kadsura longepedunculata Finet et Gagnep (KLREO) and the fruit of Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd. et Wills. (SSFEO) were investigated.The analyses of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) showed that cadinane type compounds and their derivatives were rich in both oils (54.2% and 39.7%, respectively) and δ-cadinene was the major component of both oils (13.8% and 25.6%, respectively). The antimicrobial activities of both oils were evaluated against five microorganisms with the disc diffusion and the broth micro-dilution method. Results showed that Gram-positive bacteria were more sensitive to both oils than Gram-negative bacteria and the yeast. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the oil of KLREO were lower than those of SSFEO, indicating that the former possessed slightly stronger antibacterial capability than the latter. The reducing power and lipid peroxidation assays were employed to study the potential antioxidant activities of both oils. Both oils remarkably decreased the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in rat liver homogenate in a dose dependent manner. The antioxidant activities of KLREO appeared to be more potent than that of SSFEO. The oils of KLREO and SSFEO exhibited concentration-dependent cytotoxicities and were proved to be toxic to HepG2 cells with IC50 of 147 and 189 μg/ml, respectively.

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Essential Oil Extracted from Cymbopogon citronella Leaves by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide: Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities

Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2019/8192439 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Hong Wu ◽

Jilie Li ◽

Yuan Jia ◽

Zhihong Xiao ◽

Peiwang Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Oil Quality ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Oil Yield ◽

Chemical Compositions ◽

Extraction Temperature ◽

Experimental Conditions ◽

Essential Oil Yield

To improve essential oil quality, especially to reserve the thermal instability of compounds, supercritical CO2 extraction (SFE) was applied to recover essential oil from Cymbopogon citronella leaves. A response surface methodology was applied to optimize the extraction process. The highest essential oil yield was predicted at extraction time 120 min, extraction pressure 25 MPa, extraction temperature 35°C, and CO2 flow 18 L/h for the SFE processing. Under these experimental conditions, the mean essential oil yield is 4.40%. In addition, the chemical compositions of SFE were compared with those obtained by hydrodistillation extraction (HD). There were 41 compounds obtained of SFE, while 35 compounds of HD. Alcohols and aldehydes were the main compositions in the essential oils. Furthermore, the antioxidant activities and antimicrobial of essential oils obtained by HD and the evaluated condition of SFE were compared. Results showed that the antioxidant activities of SFE oil are better than those of HD. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined by the microdilution method. Essential oil obtained from SFE and HD exhibited a significant antimicrobial activity against all tested microorganisms. It is confirmed that the SFE method can be an alternative processing method to extract essential oils from Cymbopogon citronella leaves.

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