Evolution of rural settlements in the Tongzhou District of Beijing under the new-type urbanization policies

2020 ◽  
Vol 101 ◽  
pp. 102198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huanhuan Li ◽  
Wei Song
Keyword(s):  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Tongzhou District ◽  
New Type

scholarly journals FAMILY HOMESTEADS SETTLEMENTS AS THE SUBJECTS OF THE PUBLIC MANAGEMENT IN RURAL TERRITORIES

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 587-596
Author(s):  
Halyna Semenets ◽  
Valentyna Yakobchuk ◽  
Mariia Plotnikova
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Public Management ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
New Type ◽  
High Level

The development of rural areas in the context of decentralization of power has led to the search for effective mechanisms for public administration. What is the socio-psychological profile of the inhabitants of successful self-organizing rural settlements and what management technologies are proposed for rural development? The purpose of the study is to establish and recommend a mechanism for improving the technology of territorial communities management on the example of Family Homesteads (FH). The research methodology is based on structured interviews and unstructured conversations with the inhabitants of family homesteads, the leadership of local self-government and experts in the field of rural development. The self-organization of settlements illustrates them as harmonious communities and a model of the society of the future, practicing sustainable development. It was determined that success in the development of rural areas by settlers of a new type is due to their age characteristics (average settler age 35 years), high level of education, active lifestyle and investment activity. The advantages of the practice of public administration of the territory are established with the help of blockchain technology, which allows to reduce administration costs and promote resource participation.

The Land Utilization Countermeasures on the Old Town of South Jiangsu in the Context of New-Type Urbanization – Take the Old Town, JinJiaba, Wujiang, Suzhou as an Example

2014 ◽  
Vol 919-921 ◽  
pp. 1577-1581
Author(s):  
Wen Qun Fan ◽  
Zong Yu Chen ◽  
Yao Zhi Huang
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Land Utilization ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
New Type ◽  
Land Space ◽  
Road System

The original townships which are remained by merger of villages and will not be the locations of town governments any more universally have the problems like population outflow, limited land utilization, environmental degradation, etc., but they leave the space for the development of new-type urbanization. Through researching the current situation of the land of the old town Jinjiaba, analyze its problems and combining the development requirement of new-type urbanization, specifically put forward the strategies of revitalizing land to promote the sustainable development of old townships from five aspects: organizing road system, revitalizing stock land, space integration and renewal, integrating layout of urban and rural settlements, and governance of waterfront space.

scholarly journals Rural development in Belarus: the “agrogrodok”: between rural and urban?

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 ◽  
pp. 05001
Author(s):  
Liudmila Slivinskaya
Keyword(s):  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Territorial Development ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
New Type

The article explores a phenomenon of agrogorodok originated and implemented as state policy of rural revitalization in the former Soviet country of Belarus beginning with 2005-2010 State Programme for Rural Revival & Development and continuing in further 5-years programmes up till now. The term “agrogorodok” is defined as a new type of rural settlement which features public facilities, industrial, social and transport infrastructures to ensure a high (here: compared to urban) standard of living for its residents and residents of adjacent territories [1].Wherein in terms of population it remains well below the size of a town and belongs to the lowest level of rural settlements. Currently over 1500 such settlements have been created (against targeted number of 1481 till 2010 as set in [1]). The article is to assess critically the policy against the so-called heroic tradition of modernist thinking to reform way of living via large-scale top-down state-led planning projects combining affordable housing, built public infrastructure as applied to declining rural areas. Further, for the current discourse on territorial development is focused almost exclusively on urbanisation, such specific approach targeting rural while having in its core the idea of some sort of urbanisation (understood as approaching urban standard of living in rural areas) is needed to be conceptualised to find its place in addressing and reinventing rurality in urban world. Such invention of a new type aiming at reconciling urban and rural is to be defined and conceptualised as a contribution into typology. The historical context of a post-soviet country, where continued aggressive state intervention into inter alia rural areas had produced distinct configurations of rural settlements in their transition from traditional to modern, also enriches such exploration of transformative power of ideologies / policy towards landscape. The article, tracing almost 15 years of policy implementation, reveals yet one more failed promise of salvation grinning through the gap between concept and its real appearance.

scholarly journals Expansion of Rural Settlements on High-Quality Arable Land in Tongzhou District in Beijing, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 5153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li ◽  
Song
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Remote Sensing ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Spatial Expansion ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Remote Sensing Images ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Tongzhou District ◽  
Beijing China

Settlement expansion caused by urbanization is an important factor leading to the loss of arable land across the world. Due to various factors in China, such as institutional problems, the total number of rural settlements is decreasing, while the total area continues to increase. Rural settlements expand mainly into arable land, resulting in a significant loss of high-quality farmland, thus threatening long-term food security. However, research on this subject is relatively scarce. In this study, using KeyHole and RESURS F1 satellite remote sensing images, we examined the spatial expansion of rural settlements in Tongzhou District, Beijing, in 1972 and 1991. Then, the consumption of high-quality arable land by rural settlements expansion was assessed. It was found that the overall accuracy of the produced maps for 1972 and 1991 were 93% and 90%, respectively. The accuracy of mapped changes from 1972 to 1991 was as high as 90%. From 1972 to 1991 and from 1991 to 2015, the rural settlements in Tongzhou District expanded by 51.54% and 79.91% respectively, with 53.72% and 60.64% of the expanded rural settlements being on arable land. Rural settlements expanded mainly into high-quality arable land at the beginning of the study period, whereas later on, medium- and low-quality farmland was also occupied, albeit to a lesser degree.

The Microstructure of Shock-Synthesized Diamond

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 324-325
Author(s):  
Lucien F. Trueb
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystals ◽  
Preferred Orientation ◽  
High Magnification ◽  
Texture Pattern ◽  
Shock Process ◽  
New Type ◽  
Diffraction Diagram

A new type of synthetic industrial diamond formed by an explosive shock process has been recently developed by the Du Pont Company. This material consists of a mixture of two basically different forms, as shown in Figure 1: relatively flat and compact aggregates of acicular crystallites, and single crystals in the form of irregular polyhedra with straight edges.Figure 2 is a high magnification micrograph typical for the fibrous aggregates; it shows that they are composed of bundles of crystallites 0.05-0.3 μ long and 0.02 μ. wide. The selected area diffraction diagram (insert in Figure 2) consists of a weak polycrystalline ring pattern and a strong texture pattern with arc reflections. The latter results from crystals having preferred orientation, which shows that in a given particle most fibrils have a similar orientation.

New type electron gun with electrostatic and electromagnetic lenses

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-63
Author(s):  
T. Ichinokawa ◽  
H. Maeda
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Optimum Condition ◽  
Bias Voltage ◽  
Electron Gun ◽  
Charge Effect ◽  
Micro Fabrication ◽  
Maximum Brightness ◽  
New Type ◽  
The Ideal

I. IntroductionThermionic electron gun with the Wehnelt grid is popularly used in the electron microscopy and electron beam micro-fabrication. It is well known that this gun could get the ideal brightness caluculated from the Lengumier and Richardson equations under the optimum condition. However, the design and ajustment to the optimum condition is not so easy. The gun has following properties with respect to the Wehnelt bias; (1) The maximum brightness is got only in the optimum bias. (2) In the larger bias than the optimum, the brightness decreases with increasing the bias voltage on account of the space charge effect. (3) In the smaller bias than the optimum, the brightness decreases with bias voltage on account of spreading of the cross over spot due to the aberrations of the electrostatic immersion lens.In the present experiment, a new type electron gun with the electrostatic and electromagnetic lens is designed, and its properties are examined experimentally.

A new type of defect structure in 124-superconducting oxide revealed by HREM

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 1092-1093
Author(s):  
R. Sharma ◽  
B.L. Ramakrishna ◽  
N.N. Thadhani ◽  
D. Hianes ◽  
Z. Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Shock Wave ◽  
Defect Structure ◽  
Neutron Radiation ◽  
Weak Links ◽  
Defect Structures ◽  
New Materials ◽  
New Type ◽  
Current Densities ◽  
Processing Techniques ◽  
Microstructural Studies

After materials with superconducting temperatures higher than liquid nitrogen have been prepared, more emphasis has been on increasing the current densities (Jc) of high Tc superconductors than finding new materials with higher transition temperatures. Different processing techniques i.e thin films, shock wave processing, neutron radiation etc. have been applied in order to increase Jc. Microstructural studies of compounds thus prepared have shown either a decrease in gram boundaries that act as weak-links or increase in defect structure that act as flux-pinning centers. We have studied shock wave synthesized Tl-Ba-Cu-O and shock wave processed Y-123 superconductors with somewhat different properties compared to those prepared by solid-state reaction. Here we report the defect structures observed in the shock-processed Y-124 superconductors.

ESEM - A multipurpose surface Electron Microscope

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 632-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.D. Danilatos
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Environmental Scanning ◽  
Gas Composition ◽  
Saturated Water Vapor ◽  
Surface Electron ◽  
Current State ◽  
Saturated Water ◽  
New Type ◽  
Temperature And Pressure

Over recent years a new type of electron microscope - the environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM) - has been developed for the examination of specimen surfaces in the presence of gases. A detailed series of reports on the system has appeared elsewhere. A review summary of the current state and potential of the system is presented here.The gas composition, temperature and pressure can be varied in the specimen chamber of the ESEM. With air, the pressure can be up to one atmosphere (about 1000 mbar). Environments with fully saturated water vapor only at room temperature (20-30 mbar) can be easily maintained whilst liquid water or other solutions, together with uncoated specimens, can be imaged routinely during various applications.

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