Causal nature of neighborhood deprivation on individual risk of coronary heart disease or ischemic stroke: A prospective national Swedish co-relative control study in men and women

AbstractDuring the development of atherosclerotic lesion, s-RNYs (small RNAs of about 24/34 nucleotides) are derived by the processing of long Ro-associated non-coding RNAs (RNYs) in macrophages. The levels of serum s-RNYs have been found significantly upregulated in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) compared to age-matched CHD-free individuals. The present study aimed to examine the predictive value of serum s-RNYs for CHD events in the general male population. Within the frame of nested-case–control study, the GENES study, we measured the absolute expression of a RNY-derived small RNA, the s-RNY1-5p, in the serum of individuals (without CHD at baseline) who encountered a CHD event within 12 years of follow-up (n = 30) (Cases) and compared them to individuals who remained event-free (Controls) (n = 30). The expression of s-RNY1-5p in serum was significantly upregulated in Cases compared to Controls (p = 0.027). The proportion of CHD event-free was significantly higher among individuals with serum s-RNY1-5p below the median value (631 molecules/mL). In a multivariable model adjusted for age, smoking, hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia, the risk of CHD events increased more than fourfold in individuals with serum s-RNY1-5p above the median value (HR, 4.36; 95% CI 1.22–15.60). A positive association with CHD events was also observed when considering s-RNY1-5p as a continuous variable (p = 0.022). Based on our results, we conclude that serum s-RNY1-5p is an independent predictor of CHD events in a general male population and might be a relevant biomarker for early detection of cardiovascular diseases.

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The CHADS2 score predicts ischemic stroke in the absence of atrial fibrillation among subjects with coronary heart disease: Data from the Heart and Soul Study

American Heart Journal ◽

10.1016/j.ahj.2011.05.023 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 162 (3) ◽

pp. 555-561 ◽

Cited By ~ 72

Author(s):

Christine C. Welles ◽

Mary A. Whooley ◽

Beeya Na ◽

Peter Ganz ◽

Nelson B. Schiller ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Atrial Fibrillation ◽

Coronary Heart Disease ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Chads2 Score

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Systemic chemokine levels, coronary heart disease, and ischemic stroke events: The PRIME Study

Neurology ◽

10.1212/wnl.0b013e31822dc7c8 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 77 (12) ◽

pp. 1165-1173 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

F. Canoui-Poitrine ◽

G. Luc ◽

Z. Mallat ◽

E. Machez ◽

A. Bingham ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coronary Heart Disease ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Ischemic Stroke

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Building prediction models for coronary heart disease by synthesizing multiple longitudinal research findings

European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation ◽

10.1097/01.hjr.0000173109.14228.71 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 12 (5) ◽

pp. 459-464 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Guizhou Hu ◽

Martin M. Root

Keyword(s):

Coronary Heart Disease ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Prediction Model ◽

Empirical Model ◽

Complex Disease ◽

Prediction Models ◽

Longitudinal Research ◽

Study Data ◽

Individual Risk ◽

Data Set

Background No methodology is currently available to allow the combining of individual risk factor information derived from different longitudinal studies for a chronic disease in a multivariate fashion. This paper introduces such a methodology, named Synthesis Analysis, which is essentially a multivariate meta-analytic technique. Design The construction and validation of statistical models using available data sets. Methods and results Two analyses are presented. (1) With the same data, Synthesis Analysis produced a similar prediction model to the conventional regression approach when using the same risk variables. Synthesis Analysis produced better prediction models when additional risk variables were added. (2) A four-variable empirical logistic model for death from coronary heart disease was developed with data from the Framingham Heart Study. A synthesized prediction model with five new variables added to this empirical model was developed using Synthesis Analysis and literature information. This model was then compared with the four-variable empirical model using the first National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES I) Epidemiologic Follow-up Study data set. The synthesized model had significantly improved predictive power ( x2 = 43.8, P < 0.00001). Conclusions Synthesis Analysis provides a new means of developing complex disease predictive models from the medical literature.

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Saturated Fat Consumption and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease and Ischemic Stroke: A Science Update

Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1159/000455681 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 70 (1) ◽

pp. 26-33 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

Joyce A. Nettleton ◽

Ingeborg A. Brouwer ◽

Johanna M. Geleijnse ◽

Gerard Hornstra

Keyword(s):

Coronary Heart Disease ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Saturated Fat ◽

The Body ◽

Epidemiological Methods ◽

Risk Markers ◽

Fat Consumption ◽

Chd Risk ◽

Important Health

At a workshop to update the science linking saturated fatty acid (SAFA) consumption with the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) and ischemic stroke, invited participants presented data on the consumption and bioavailability of SAFA and their functions in the body and food technology. Epidemiological methods and outcomes were related to the association between SAFA consumption and disease events and mortality. Participants reviewed the effects of SAFA on CHD, causal risk factors, and surrogate risk markers. Higher intakes of SAFA were not associated with higher risks of CHD or stroke apparently, but studies did not take macronutrient replacement into account. Replacing SAFA by cis-polyunsaturated fatty acids was associated with significant CHD risk reduction, which was confirmed by randomized controlled trials. SAFA reduction had little direct effect on stroke risk. Cohort studies suggest that the food matrix and source of SAFA have important health effects.

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