Current topics in hearing research: Deafferentation and threshold independent hearing loss

2021 ◽  
pp. 108408
Author(s):  
Monica Trevino ◽  
Edward Lobarinas
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Hearing Research

scholarly journals Cre-dependent optogenetic transgenic mice without early age-related hearing loss

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Lyngholm ◽  
Shuzo Sakata
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Transgenic Mice ◽  
Genetic Defect ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Early Age ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
Hearing Research ◽  
Brain Functions ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Related Hearing Loss

AbstractWith the advent of recent genetic technologies for mice, it is now feasible to investigate the circuit mechanisms of brain functions in an unprecedented manner. Although transgenic mice are commonly used on C57BL/6J (C57) background, hearing research has typically relied on different genetic backgrounds, such as CBA/Ca or CBA due to the genetic defect of C57 mice for early age-related hearing loss. This limits the utilization of available genetic resources for hearing research. Here we report congenic (>F10) Cre-dependent channelrhodopsin2 (ChR2) mice on CBA/Ca background. By crossing this line with Cre-driver mice on C57 background, F1 hybrids restored the hearing deficit of C57 mice. We also found a linear relationship between aging and hearing loss, with progression rates varied depending on genetic backgrounds (3.39 dB/month for C57; 0.82 dB/month for F1 hybrid). We further demonstrate that this approach allows to express ChR2 in a specific type of inhibitory neurons in the auditory cortex and that they can be identified within a simultaneously recorded population of neurons in awake mice. Thus, our Cre-dependent optogenetic transgenic mice on CBA/Ca background are a valuable tool to investigate the circuit mechanisms of hearing across lifespan.

ALGORITHM FOR EARLY DIAGNOSIS AND PREVENTION OF PROFESSIONAL SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.A. Preobrazhenskaya ◽  
◽  
A.V. Sukhova ◽  
E.N. Kryuchkova
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Hearing Preservation ◽  
Hearing Research ◽  
Auditory Analyzer ◽  
Risk Categorization ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract: The aim of the study is to develop an algorithm for early diagnosis and prevention of professional neurosensory hearing elasticity (PNST). A comprehensive audiological survey of 600 miners aged 37 to 58, with 10 to 35 years of experience in noise conditions above the PDU for 7-21 dBA (class 3.1-3.3) was carried out. Based on the studies, an algorithm of early diagnosis and prevention of PNST, consisting of 3 blocks: I - hygienic (assessment of working conditions and risk categorization), II - clinical diagnostic, based on modern audiological methods of hearing research with the selection of diagnostic markers of risk of PNST, III - preventive, including the development of individual hearing preservation programs. The developed algorithm allows in 65-75% of cases to identify changes in the auditory analyzer at the preclinical stage, to clarify the nature and localization of the auditory analyzer, which is important in the development of therapeutic and preventive measures.

Audiological Assessment, Rehabilitation, and Spatial Hearing Considerations Associated With Visual Impairment in Adults

2003 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith T. Blumsack
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Case History ◽  
Spatial Hearing ◽  
Extensive Discussion ◽  
Hearing Research ◽  
Orientation And Mobility

The purpose of this paper is to increase awareness and interest among audiologists regarding the needs of adults who have both hearing loss and visual impairment, particularly people who are blind and travel independently. Case history, audiometric testing, and rehabilitation issues are considered, and extensive discussion of spatial hearing research as it relates to orientation and mobility is provided.

scholarly journals Research Progress of Hair Cell Protection Mechanism

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Yurong Mu ◽  
Hongguo Su ◽  
Fan Wu ◽  
Jianming Yang ◽  
Dan Li
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Hair Cell ◽  
Hair Cells ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Cell Protection ◽  
Protection Mechanism ◽  
Hearing Research

How to prevent and treat hearing-related diseases through the protection of hair cells (HCs) is the focus in the field of hearing in recent years. Hearing loss caused by dysfunction or loss of HCs is the main cause of hearing diseases. Therefore, clarifying the related mechanisms of HC development, apoptosis, protection, and regeneration is the main goal of current hearing research. This review introduces the latest research on mechanism of HC protection and regeneration.

scholarly journals Potential of Gene and Cell Therapy for Inner Ear Hair Cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Yong Lee ◽  
Yong-Ho Park
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Hair Cells ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Hearing Research ◽  
Sensory Hair Cells ◽  
Hearing Devices ◽  
Future Direction

Sensorineural hearing loss is caused by the loss of sensory hair cells (HCs) or a damaged afferent nerve pathway to the auditory cortex. The most common option for the treatment of sensorineural hearing loss is hearing rehabilitation using hearing devices. Various kinds of hearing devices are available but, despite recent advancements, their perceived sound quality does not mimic that of the “naïve” cochlea. Damage to crucial cochlear structures is mostly irreversible and results in permanent hearing loss. Cochlear HC regeneration has long been an important goal in the field of hearing research. However, it remains challenging because, thus far, no medical treatment has successfully regenerated cochlear HCs. Recent advances in genetic modulation and developmental techniques have led to novel approaches to generating HCs or protecting against HC loss, to preserve hearing. In this review, we present and review the current status of two different approaches to restoring or protecting hearing, gene therapy, including the newly introduced CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing, and stem cell therapy, and suggest the future direction.

scholarly journals Application of gene therapy in auditory system diseases

STEMedicine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. e17
Author(s):  
Chunjiang Wei ◽  
Weijia Kong ◽  
Zuhong He
Keyword(s):  
Gene Therapy ◽  
Gene Regulation ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Genetic Engineering ◽  
Auditory System ◽  
Cell Regeneration ◽  
Hair Cell Regeneration ◽  
Hearing Research ◽  
Genetic Intervention

How to prevent and treat auditory related diseases through genetic intervention is a hotspot in the field of hearing research in recent years. With the development of molecular biology, molecular genetics, genetic engineering, etc., especially, gene regulation has made a major breakthrough in the research of inner ear hair cell regeneration in recent years, which may provide us with a novel and efficient way to treat auditory related diseases. This review includes the latest research on gene therapy in hereditary deafness, drug deafness, aging-related hearing loss, and noise-related hearing loss.

Fluorocitrate Neural Dystrophy of the Guinea Pig Cochlea

1975 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 368-369
Author(s):  
G.J. Spector ◽  
C.D. Carr ◽  
I. Kaufman Arenberg ◽  
R.H. Maisel
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Hair Cells ◽  
Sodium Phosphate ◽  
Sensory Cells ◽  
Barium Salt ◽  
Perfusion Medium ◽  
Cochlear Hair Cells ◽  
Neural Degeneration ◽  
Sodium Phosphate Buffer ◽  
Cochlear Neurons

All studies on primary neural degeneration in the cochlea have evaluated the end stages of degeneration or the indiscriminate destruction of both sensory cells and cochlear neurons. We have developed a model which selectively simulates the dystrophic changes denoting cochlear neural degeneration while sparing the cochlear hair cells. Such a model can be used to define more precisely the mechanism of presbycusis or the hearing loss in aging man.Twenty-two pigmented guinea pigs (200-250 gm) were perfused by the perilymphatic route as live preparations using fluorocitrate in various concentrations (15-250 ug/cc) and at different incubation times (5-150 minutes). The barium salt of DL fluorocitrate, (C6H4O7F)2Ba3, was reacted with 1.0N sulfuric acid to precipitate the barium as a sulfate. The perfusion medium was prepared, just prior to use, as follows: sodium phosphate buffer 0.2M, pH 7.4 = 9cc; fluorocitrate = 15-200 mg/cc; and sucrose = 0.2M.

Further studies on the ultrastructure of the cochlea

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 440-441
Author(s):  
Zhixian Wang ◽  
Pinjin Zhu ◽  
Jianhe Sun ◽  
Xuezheng Song
Keyword(s):  
Hair Cells ◽  
Military Medicine ◽  
Outer Hair Cells ◽  
Apical Surface ◽  
Epithelial Surface ◽  
Hearing Research ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Fine Structures ◽  
Temporal Bones ◽  
Accurate Observation

Hearing research is important not only for clinical, professional and military medicine, but also for toxicology, gerontology and genetics. Ultrastructure of the cochlea attracts much attention of electron microscopists, (1―3) but the research lags far behind that of the other parts of the organnism. On the basis of careful microdissection, technical improvment and accurate observation, we have got some new findings which have not been reported in the literature.We collected four cochleas from human corpses. Temporal bones dissected 1 h after death and cochleas perfused with fixatives 4 h after death were good enough in terms of preservation of fine structures. SEM:The apical surface of OHCs (Outer hair cells) and DTs (Deiters cells) is narrower than that of IPs (Inner pillar cells). The mosaic configuration of the reticular membrane is not typical. The stereocilia of IHCs (Inner hair cells) are not uniform and some kinocilia could be seen on the OHCs in adults. The epithelial surface of RM (Reissner’s membrane) is not smooth and no mesh could be seen on the mesothelial surface of RM. TEM.

Teacher Identification of Elementary School Children with Hearing Loss

1978 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard H. Nodar
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
School Children ◽  
Elementary School Children ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Hearing Impaired ◽  
Teacher Interviews ◽  
Teacher Screening ◽  
Children With Hearing Loss ◽  
Hearing Problems

The teachers of 2231 elementary school children were asked to identify those with known or suspected hearing problems. Following screening, the data were compared. Teachers identified 5% of the children as hearing-impaired, while screening identified only 3%. There was agreement between the two procedures on 1%. Subsequent to the teacher interviews, rescreening and tympanometry were conducted. These procedures indicated that teacher screening and tympanometry were in agreement on 2% of the total sample or 50% of the hearing-loss group. It was concluded that teachers could supplement audiometry, particularly when otoscopy and typanometry are not available.

A Clinical Study of Twenty-seven Children Exhibiting Functional Hearing Loss

1981 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald L. McCanna ◽  
Giacinto DeLapa
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Clinical Study ◽  
Early Identification ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
Upper Elementary ◽  
Elementary Grades ◽  
Ability Level ◽  
Hearing Problem

This report reviews 27 cases of children exhibiting functional hearing loss. The study reveals that most students were in the upper elementary grades and were predominantly females. These subjects were functioning below their ability level in school and were usually in conflict with school, home, or peers. Tests used were selected on the basis of their helping to provide early identification. The subjects' oral and behavioral responses are presented, as well as ways of resolving the hearing problem. Some helpful counseling techniques are also presented.

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