Corrigendum to “A mechanics approach for wet gas flow metering, theory and application to flow loop tests” [International Journal of Multiphase Flow 37 (2011) 260–267]

2011 ◽  
Vol 37 (8) ◽  
pp. 994
Author(s):  
Sébastien Cadalen ◽  
Michel Lance
Keyword(s):  
Multiphase Flow ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Flow Loop ◽  
Flow Metering ◽  
Wet Gas

Coupled Heat and Mass Transfer CFD Model for Methane Hydrate

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugenio Turco Neto ◽  
M. A. Rahman ◽  
Syed Imtiaz ◽  
Thiago dos Santos Pereira ◽  
Fernanda Soares de Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Multiphase Flow ◽  
Gas Hydrate ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Hydrate Formation ◽  
Cfd Model ◽  
Flow Metering ◽  
Ansys Cfx ◽  
Gas Hydrate Formation

The gas hydrates problem has been growing in offshore deep water condition where due to low temperature and high pressure hydrate formation becomes more favorable. Several studies have been done to predict the influence of gas hydrate formation in natural gas flow pipeline. However, the effects of multiphase hydrodynamic properties on hydrate formation are missing in these studies. The use of CFD to simulate gas hydrate formation can overcome this gap. In this study a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model has been developed for mass, heat and momentum transfer for better understanding natural gas hydrate formation and its migration into the pipelines using ANSYS CFX-14. The problem considered in this study is a three-dimensional multiphase-flow model based on Simon Lo (2003) study, which considered the oil-dominant flow in a pipeline with hydrate formation around water droplets dispersed into the oil phase. The results obtained in this study will be useful in designing a multiphase flow metering and a pump to overcome the pressure drop caused by hydrate formation in multiphase petroleum production.

Wet Gas Flow Metering Based on Differential Pressure and BSS Techniques

2011 ◽  
Vol 383-390 ◽  
pp. 4922-4927
Author(s):  
Peng Xia Xu ◽  
Yan Feng Geng
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Liquid Flow ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Two Phase Flow ◽  
Liquid Flow Rate ◽  
Differential Pressure ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Flow Metering ◽  
Wet Gas

Wet gas flow is a typical two-phase flow with low liquid fractions. As differential pressure signal contains rich information of flow parameters in two-phase flow metering, a new method is proposed for wet gas flow metering based on differential pressure (DP) and blind source separation (BSS) techniques. DP signals are from a couple of slotted orifices and the BSS method is based on time-frequency analysis. A good relationship between the liquid flow rate and the characteristic quantity of the separated signal is established, and a differential pressure correlation for slotted orifice is applied to calculate the gas flow rate. The calculation results are good with 90% relative errors less than ±10%. The results also show that BSS is an effective method to extract liquid flow rate from DP signals of wet gas flow, and to analysis different interactions among the total DP readings.

scholarly journals Effect of chromium on the corrosion behaviour of low Cr-bearing alloy steel under an extremely high flow rate

RSC Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (58) ◽  
pp. 35302-35309
Author(s):  
Bei Wang ◽  
Yun Wang ◽  
Qingping Li ◽  
Huixin Li ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alloy Steel ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Corrosion Behaviour ◽  
Rotating Cylinder ◽  
High Flow ◽  
High Flow Rate ◽  
Flow Loop ◽  
Wet Gas ◽  
Bearing Alloy

The effect of chromium on the corrosion behavior of low Cr-bearing alloy steel in a wet gas pipeline with a high flow rate was studied using a rotating cylinder electrode (RCE) and self-built wet gas flow loop device.

The Challenges of Multiphase Flow Metering: Today and Beyond

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gioia Falcone ◽  
Claudio Alimonti
Keyword(s):  
Multiphase Flow ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Black Box ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Individual Measurement ◽  
Flow Metering ◽  
Wet Gas ◽  
The Impact

Since the early 1990’s, when the first commercial meters started to appear, Multiphase Flow Metering (MFM) has grown from being an area of R&D to representing a discipline in its own right within the oil and gas industry. The total figure for MFM installations worldwide is now over 1,800. Field applications include production optimisation, wet gas metering, mobile well testing and production allocation. However, MFM has not yet achieved its full potential. Despite an impressive improvement in the reliability of sensors and mechanical parts (particularly for subsea installations) over the past few years, there remain unresolved questions regarding the accuracy and range of applicability of today’s MFM technology. There is also a tendency to forget the complexity of multiphase flow and to evaluate the overall performance of a MFM as a “black box”, often neglecting all the possible uncertainties that are inherent in each individual measurement solutions. This paper reviews the inherent limitations of some classical MFM techniques. It highlights the impact of instruments rangeability, empirical correlations for pressure drop devices and fluids characterisation on the error propagation analysis in the “black box”. It also provides a comprehensive review of wet gas definitions for the oil and gas industry. Several attempts have been made to define “wet gas” for the purpose of metering streams at high gas-volume-fractions, but a single definition of wet gas still does not exist. The measurement of multiphase flows presents unique challenges that have not yet been fully resolved. However, the challenges are exciting and the authors have no doubts that new milestones will soon be set in this area. Today’s MFM technology has already become one piece of the optimised production system jigsaw. MFM has succeeded in fitting with other technologies toward global field-wide solutions. The ideal MFM of the future is one that provides unambiguous measurements of key parameters from which the flow rates can be deduced independently from flow regimes and fluid properties.

scholarly journals A Correction Method for Wet Gas Flow Metering Using a Standard Orifice and Slotted Orifices

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 2291
Author(s):  
Barbara Tomaszewska-Wach ◽  
Mariusz Rzasa
Keyword(s):  
Gas Flow ◽  
Dynamic Pressure ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Continuous Phase ◽  
Differential Pressure ◽  
Flow Measurements ◽  
Phase Form ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Flow Metering ◽  
Wet Gas

Flow measurements that utilize differential pressure meters are commonly applied in industry. In such conditions, gas flow is often accompanied by liquid condensation. For this reason, errors occur in the metering process that can be attributed to the fluctuations in continuous phase parameters in the flow. Furthermore, the occurrence of a dispersed phase results in flow disturbance and dynamic pressure pulsations. For the above reasons, new methods and tools are sought with the purpose of performing measurements of gas-liquid flows providing measurement results that can be considered as fairly accurate in the cases when flow involves a liquid phase form. The paper reports the results of a study involving measurement of wet gas flow using differential pressure flowmeters. The experiments were conducted for three constant mass air flow rates equal to 0.06, 0.078 and 0.086 kg/s. After stabilization of the air flow rates, water was fed into the pipe with flow rates in the range from 0.01 to 0.16 kg/s. The research involved a standard orifice and three types of slotted orifices with various slot arrangements and geometries. The analysis focused on the effect of orifice geometry on the flow metering results. On the basis of the results, it was found that the slotted orifice generates smaller differential pressure values compared to the standard orifice. The water mass fraction in the gas leads to overestimated results of measurements across the flowmeter. Regardless of the type of the orifice, is necessary to undertake a correction of the results. The paper proposes a method of gas mass flow correction. The results were compared with the common over-reading correction models available in the literature.

A Review of Wet Gas Flow Metering Correlation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solomon Adenubi ◽  
Dulu Appah ◽  
Emeka Okafor ◽  
Victor Aimikhe ◽  
Wilfred Okologume
Keyword(s):  
Gas Flow ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Gas Flows ◽  
Prediction Errors ◽  
Flow Meters ◽  
Flow Metering ◽  
Wet Gas

Abstract Entrained liquids in produced natural gas introduce flow-prediction errors in gas metering; hence there is a need to correct flowmeters’ response to these errors. The development of improved wet gas flow correlations is an effective means of optimizing the predictive capabilities of these meters. This study reviews selected wet gas flow correlations, assesses their merits and demerits, and offers novel options and possibilities for developing highly optimized wet gas correlations for industrial applications. Prospects and possibilities for developing highly optimized wet gas flow correlations are also suggested in this paper, resulting in a significant expansion of the use of wet gas flow meters. These possibilities will include model development and experimental investigation of wet gas flows under relatively high-pressure operating conditions.

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