scholarly journals 24.2 Voxel-Based Morphometry Reveals That Different Subtypes of Bully Victimization Have Different Effects on the Brain

2021 ◽  
Vol 60 (10) ◽  
pp. S200
Author(s):  
Shotaro Fujiwara ◽  
Izumi Matsudaira ◽  
Yasuko Tatewaki ◽  
Hikaru Takeuchi ◽  
Ryuta Kawashima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Voxel Based Morphometry ◽  
Bully Victimization ◽  
The Brain

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF PSYCHOTIC EPISODES ON GREY MATTER VOLUME CHANGES IN PATIENTS WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonija Ružić Baršić ◽  
Gordana Rubeša ◽  
Diana Mance ◽  
Damir Miletić ◽  
Lea Gudelj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grey Matter ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Severe Illness ◽  
Grey Matter Volume ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Voxel Based Morphometry ◽  
Matter Volume ◽  
Multiple Regions ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
The Brain

Background: Schizophrenia is a severe illness whose clinical course is characterized by various numbers of psychotic episodes (PE). The neurotoxic hypothesis (NH) of schizophrenia assumes that psychosis is biologically toxic. The aim of the study was to investigate whether schizophrenia patients (SP) with multiple PE have greater grey matter volume (GMV) reduction compared to SP with fewer PE.Subjects and methods: We enrolled 106 adult SP and 63 healthy controls. Demographic and clinical data were collected and statistically analysed for all included subjects. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain was acquired on a 1.5 T scanner. SP were grouped according to the number of PE into a group with up to 3 PE (SCHG-1) and with 4 or more PE (SCHG-2). SCHG-1 was further subdivided into two groups regarding to disease duration (DD). Voxel based morphometry (VBM) analyses were performed between SP groups as well as between SP groups and the healthy controls group (HCG).Results: No relevant GMV differences were detected between SP groups. Comparison between HCG and SCHG-1 showed only 3 regions with reduced GMV, while multiple regions with reduced GMV were detected when comparing HCG and SCHG-2. Conclusions: GMV reduction in schizophrenia varies depending on the number of PE when compared to HCG, regardless of disease duration (DD), but PE is not the only contributing factor that leads to neurotoxicity.

scholarly journals Method for simultaneous voxel-based morphometry of the brain and cervical spinal cord area measurements using 3D-MDEFT

2010 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 1242-1247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick A.B. Freund ◽  
Catherine Dalton ◽  
Claudia A.M. Wheeler-Kingshott ◽  
Janice Glensman ◽  
David Bradbury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord ◽  
Voxel Based Morphometry ◽  
The Brain

GENDER DIFFERENCES IN THE VOLUME OF BRAIN STRUCTURES IN THE ASPECT OF PHYSIOLOGICAL AGING

2021 ◽  
pp. 352-359
Author(s):  
Н.И. Ананьева ◽  
Л.В. Лукина ◽  
Е.В. Андреев ◽  
Т.А. Саломатина ◽  
Н.Ю. Сафонова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Caudate Nucleus ◽  
Brain Structures ◽  
Structural Mri ◽  
Voxel Based Morphometry ◽  
Physiological Aging ◽  
Left Caudate ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Brain

Целью работы являлось уточнение гендерных и возрастных различий в строении мозговых структур у здоровых добровольцев в связи с задачей разграничения визуальных паттернов физиологического старения и патологических процессов головного мозга. Методы исследования включали проведение структурной МРТ головного мозга у 131 условно-здорового добровольца 20-70 лет (из них 72 женщины и 59 мужчин). С помощью метода магнитно-резонансной воксель-базированной морфометрии проводили измерение объёма головного мозга в целом, а также его отделов с последующим сравнением полученных данных в возрастных подгруппах и между полами. Полученные в ходе исследования данные свидетельствуют о том, что наибольшее уменьшение размеров после 60 лет претерпевают правый и левый таламусы, левое хвостатое ядро, правая скорлупа, левый бледный шар, оба гиппокампа. Наибольшие изменения в гиппокампах претерпевает объём СА3 полей Бродмана. Установлено, что процесс физиологического старения головного мозга с изменением объёма его различных отделов имеет ряд гендерных особенностей, которые необходимо учитывать на диагностическом этапе медицинской помощи. The aim of the work was to clarify the gender, age and variable differences in the structure of brain structures in healthy volunteers in connection with the task of distinguishing between physiological aging and pathological processes of the brain. The study methods included performing structural MRI of the brain in 131 conditionally healthy volunteers aged 20 to 70 years (72 of them were women and 59 men). Using the method of MR voxel-based morphometry, the total volume of the brain as a whole, as well as its segmented parts, was measured, followed by a comparison of the data obtained in age subgroups and between the sexes. The data obtained in the course of the study indicate that the right and left thalamuses, the left caudate nucleus, the right shell, the left pale ball, and both hippocampus undergo the greatest reduction in size after 60 years. The greatest changes in the hippocampus are the volumes of CA 3 Brodman fields. It is established that the process of physiological aging of the brain.

scholarly journals Functional and structural magnetic resonance imaging correlates of fatigue in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Rheumatology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (10) ◽  
pp. 1822-1830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil Basu ◽  
Chelsea M Kaplan ◽  
Eric Ichesco ◽  
Tony Larkin ◽  
Andrew Schrepf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grey Matter ◽  
Imaging Study ◽  
Structural Mri ◽  
Grey Matter Volume ◽  
Voxel Based Morphometry ◽  
Neural Imaging ◽  
Dorsal Attention Network ◽  
Mri Changes ◽  
Structural Mode ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Objectives Fatigue is a major burden among patients with RA, yet is poorly understood. We sought to conduct the first imaging study to investigate the neurobiological correlates of fatigue in RA and to improve upon the methodological limitations of previous neuroimaging studies that have investigated this symptom in other populations. Methods Chronically fatigued RA patients were clinically characterized before undertaking a combined functional and structural mode MRI brain scan. The functional sequences were acquired during a fatigue-evoking task, then network-to-whole-brain analyses were undertaken. The structural analyses employed voxel-based morphometry in order to quantify regional grey matter volume. The scan was repeated 6 months later to test reproducibility. Results Fifty-four participants attended both scans [n = 41 female; baseline mean (s.d.) age 54.94 (11.41) years]. A number of significant functional and structural neural imaging correlates of fatigue were identified. Notably, patients who reported higher levels of fatigue demonstrated higher levels of functional connectivity between the Dorsal Attention Network and medial prefrontal gyri, a finding that was reproduced in the repeat scans. Structurally, greater putamen grey matter volumes significantly correlated with greater levels of fatigue. Conclusion Fatigue in RA is associated with functional and structural MRI changes in the brain. The newly identified and reproduced neural imaging correlates provide a basis for future targeting and stratification of this key patient priority.

scholarly journals High-Dimensional Mapping of Cognition to the Brain Using Voxel-Based Morphometry and Subcortical Shape Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-152
Author(s):  
Hazel I. Zonneveld ◽  
Gennady V. Roshchupkin ◽  
Hieab H.H. Adams ◽  
Boris A. Gutman ◽  
Aad van der Lugt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shape Analysis ◽  
High Dimensional ◽  
Voxel Based Morphometry ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Dimensional Mapping

scholarly journals Investigating morphological changes in the brain in relation to etiology and duration of olfactory dysfunction with voxel-based morphometry

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
E. M. Postma ◽  
P. A. M. Smeets ◽  
W. M. Boek ◽  
S. Boesveldt
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Olfactory Function ◽  
Voxel Based Morphometry ◽  
Matter Volume ◽  
Olfactory Loss ◽  
Olfactory Input ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Gyrus Rectus

AbstractOlfactory loss (OL) affects up to 20% of the general population and is related to changes in olfaction-related brain regions. This study investigated the effect of etiology and duration of OL on gray matter volume (GMV) of these regions in 257 patients. Voxel-based morphometry was applied to measure GMV in brain regions of interest to test the effects of etiology and duration on regional GMV and the relation between olfactory function and regional GMV. Etiology of OL had a significant effect on GMV in clusters representing the gyrus rectus and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), bilaterally. Patients with congenital anosmia had reduced GMV in the gyrus rectus and an increased OFC volume compared to patients with acquired OL. There was a significant association between volume of the left OFC and olfactory function. This implies that changes in GMV in patients with acquired OL are mainly reflected in the OFC and depend on olfactory function. Morphology of olfactory areas in the brain therefore seems to relate to olfactory function and the subsequent degree of exposure to olfactory input in patients with acquired OL. Differences in GMV in congenital anosmia are most likely due to the fact that patients were never able to smell.

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