Active Eosinophilic Esophagitis is Associated with Increased Asthma Severity and Lower Lung Function in Children with Comorbid Asthma

Background: Asthma may show an accelerated lung function decline. Asthmatics, although having FEV1 and FEV1/VC (and z-scores) higher than the lower limit of normality, may show a significant FEV1 decline when compared to previous measurements. We assessed how many asymptomatic long-standing asthmatics (LSA) with normal lung function showed a significant FEV1 decline when an older FEV1 was taken as reference point. Methods: 46 well-controlled LSA (age: 48.8±12.1; 23 females) with normal FEV1 and FEV1/VC according to GLI2012 references (FEV1: 94.8±10.1%, z-score:-0.38±0.79; FEV1/VC: 79.3±5.2, z-score:-0.15±0.77) were selected. We considered FEV1 decline, calculated by comparing the latest value to one at least five years older or to the highest predicted value measured at 21 years for females and 23 for males. A FEV1 decline >15% or 30 ml/years was regarded as pathological. Results: When comparing the latest FEV1 to an at least 5-year-older one (mean 8.1±1.4 years between 2 measurements), 14 subjects (30.4%) showed a FEV1 decline <5% (mean: -2.2±2.6%), 19 (41.3%) had a FEV1 5-15% change (mean: -9.2±2.5%) and 13 (28.3%) a FEV1 decrease>15% (mean: -18.3±2.4). Subjects with a FEV1 decline>30 ml/year were 28 (60.8%). When using the highest predicted FEV1 as reference point and declines were corrected by subtracting the physiological decrease, 6 (13%) patients showed a FEV1 decline higher than 15%, whereas asthmatics with a FEV1 loss>30 ml/year were 17 (37%). Conclusion: FEV1 decline calculation may show how severe asthma actually is, avoiding a bronchial obstruction underestimation and a possible under-treatment in lots of apparent “well-controlled” LSA with GLI2012-normal-range lung function values.

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Impaired Lung Functions Using Tidal Breath Analysis in High-risk Infants with Recurrent Wheezing

Trends in Pediatrics ◽

10.5222/tp.2020.43153 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ayşe Anık ◽

Pınar Uysal

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Lung Function ◽

Breath Analysis ◽

Roc Curve Analysis ◽

Recurrent Wheezing ◽

Mean Values ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Lung Functions ◽

Lower Lung ◽

High Risk Infants

INTRODUCTION: We aimed to investigate lung functions using tidal breath analysis (TBA) in high-risk infants with recurrent wheezing. METHODS: Lung functions measured using TBA in infants with physician-diagnosed recurrent wheezing (≥3 episodes) who applied our institution between 2018-2020, were retrospectively analyzed. Infants were assigned to two groups: high-risk infants with recurrent wheezing (n=30) and wheezy infants without high risk of atopy (n=33). RESULTS: High-risk infants with recurrent wheezing had lower mean values of tPTEF, tPTEF: tE, VPTEF, and VPTEF: VE than that of wheezy infants without high risk of atopy. There was no significant difference between two groups in terms of Vt/kg and respiratory rate. ROC curve analysis showed that tPTEF: tE ratio <26.5 demonstrated 63.3% sensitivity and 63.6% specificity for detection of high risk of atopy. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: This study showed that high-risk infants with recurrent wheezing have lower lung function than those of wheezy infants without high risk of atopy. TBA might be useful method to evaluate lung function in wheezy infants.

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Increased adiposity measures are associated with lung function, asthma severity, and atopy in Puerto Rican children

Paediatric Respiratory Reviews ◽

10.1016/s1526-0542(13)70072-1 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 14 ◽

pp. S59-S60

Author(s):

E. Forno ◽

E. Acosta-Perez ◽

J.M. Brehm ◽

Y.Y. Han ◽

M. Alvarez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Function ◽

Puerto Rican ◽

Asthma Severity

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A Hemoglobin A1c Greater Than 6.0% is Associated With Lower Lung Function in Adults at Risk for Cystic Fibrosis–Related Diabetes

Canadian Journal of Diabetes ◽

10.1016/j.jcjd.2021.09.100 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 45 (7) ◽

pp. S33

Author(s):

Kathryn Potter ◽

Noemie Belanger ◽

Anne Bonhoure ◽

Peter Senior ◽

Francois Tremblay ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cystic Fibrosis ◽

At Risk ◽

Lung Function ◽

Hemoglobin A1c ◽

Lower Lung

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Risk factors for respiratory Aspergillus fumigatus in German Cystic Fibrosis patients and impact on lung function

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-75886-w ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Uta Düesberg ◽

Julia Wosniok ◽

Lutz Naehrlich ◽

Patience Eschenhagen ◽

Carsten Schwarz

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cystic Fibrosis ◽

Lung Function ◽

Aspergillus Fumigatus ◽

Age Groups ◽

Antibiotic Use ◽

Lower Lung ◽

Lung Infections ◽

The Impact

Abstract Airway inflammation and chronic lung infections in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients are mostly caused by bacteria, e.g. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA). The role of fungi in the CF lung is still not well elucidated, but evidence for a harmful and complex role is getting stronger. The most common filamentous fungus in CF is Aspergillus fumigatus (AF). Age and continuous antibiotic treatment have been discussed as risk factors for AF colonisation but did not differentiate between transient and persistent AF colonisation. Also, the impact of co-colonisation of PA and AF on lung function is still under investigation. Data from patients with CF registered in the German Cystic Fibrosis Registry database in 2016 and 2017 were retrospectively analysed, involving descriptive and multivariate analysis to assess risk factors for transient or persistent AF colonisation. Age represented an independent risk factor for persistent AF colonisation. Prevalence was low in children less than ten years, highest in the middle age and getting lower in higher age (≥ 50 years). Continuous antibiotic lung treatment was significantly associated with AF prevalence in all age groups. CF patients with chronic PA infection had a lower lung function (FEV1%predicted), which was not influenced by an additional AF colonisation. AF colonisation without chronic PA infection, however, was significantly associated with a lower function, too. Older age up to 49 years and continuous antibiotic use were found to be the main risk factors for AF permanent colonisation. AF might be associated with decrease of lung function if not disguised by chronic PA infection.

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Association of bone mineral density with lung function in a Chinese general population: the Xinxiang rural cohort study

BMC Pulmonary Medicine ◽

10.1186/s12890-019-1008-2 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Xiang Zeng ◽

Dongling Liu ◽

Xiangmei Zhao ◽

Ling Chao ◽

Yuchun Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Lung Function ◽

General Population ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Reference Area ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Lower Lung ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Background Bone mineral density (BMD) has been positively associated with lung function in patients diagnosed with respiratory diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cystic fibrosis. However, the relationship between BMD and lung function is inconsistent in the general population. Methods To investigate the association between BMD and lung function in a Chinese general population, a total of 1024 adults aged 40–70 years old from Qiliying (an industrial polluted exposure area) and Langgongmiao (the reference area with non-industrial pollution) were recruited and underwent BMD and spirometry tests. Results Both BMD and lung function levels were lower in the exposed area compared to the reference area. In addition, BMD and lung function levels were also lower in females compared to males. Both Spearman and partial correlation analyses showed that BMD was positively correlated with FVC and FEV1. After adjusting linear regression analyses for potential confounding factors, every 0.1 g/cm2 drop in BMD was associated with 53.0 mL decrease in FVC and 33.5 mL decrease in FEV1. Conclusions A reduction of BMD is associated with lower lung function in a general population from China.

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Parental psychological distress during pregnancy and the risk of childhood lower lung function and asthma: a population-based prospective cohort study

Thorax ◽

10.1136/thoraxjnl-2019-214099 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 75 (12) ◽

pp. 1074-1081

Author(s):

Evelien R van Meel ◽

Gautam Saharan ◽

Vincent WV Jaddoe ◽

Johan C de Jongste ◽

Irwin KM Reiss ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Psychological Distress ◽

Lung Function ◽

Prospective Cohort ◽

Later Life ◽

Population Based ◽

Brief Symptom Inventory ◽

Respiratory Morbidity ◽

Maternal Psychological Distress ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Lower Lung

BackgroundAlthough maternal psychological distress during pregnancy is associated with increased risks of respiratory morbidity in preschool children, it is unknown whether this association persists into later childhood.ObjectiveTo examine the association between parental psychological distress during pregnancy and lung function and asthma in children of school age.MethodsThis study of 4231 children was embedded in a population-based prospective cohort. Parental psychological distress was assessed by the Brief Symptom Inventory during and 3 years after pregnancy, and in mothers also at 2 and 6 months after pregnancy. At age 10 years, lung function was obtained by spirometry and asthma by questionnaire.ResultsThe prevalence of asthma was 5.9%. Maternal overall psychological distress during pregnancy was associated with a lower forced vital capacity (FVC) (z-score difference −0.10 (95% CI −0.20 to –0.01) per 1-unit increase), maternal depressive symptoms during pregnancy with a lower forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) and FVC (−0.13 (95% CI −0.24 to –0.01) and −0.13 (95% CI −0.24 to –0.02) when using clinical cut-offs) in their children. All maternal psychological distress measures during pregnancy were associated with an increased risk of asthma (range OR: 1.46 (95% CI 1.12 to 1.90) to 1.91 (95% CI 1.26 to 2.91)). Additional adjustment for paternal psychological distress during pregnancy and parental psychological distress after pregnancy did not materially change the associations. Paternal psychological distress during pregnancy was not associated with childhood respiratory morbidity.ConclusionMaternal, but not paternal, psychological distress during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of asthma and partly lower lung function in children. This suggests intrauterine programming for the risk of later-life respiratory disease.

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