On the relationship between global, hemispheric and latitudinal averaged air surface temperature (GISS time series) and solar activity

2012 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
pp. 87-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.P. Souza Echer ◽  
E. Echer ◽  
N.R. Rigozo ◽  
C.G.M. Brum ◽  
D.J.R. Nordemann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Solar Activity ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Statistical issues about solar–climate relations

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 565-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Yiou ◽  
E. Bard ◽  
P. Dandin ◽  
B. Legras ◽  
P. Naveau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Solar Activity ◽  
Geomagnetic Field ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Statistical Issues ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Temperature Time ◽  
Field Variability

Abstract. The relationship between solar activity and temperature variation is a frequently discussed issue in climatology. This relationships is usually hypothesized on the basis of statistical analyses of temperature time series and time series related to solar activity. Recent studies (Le Mouël et al., 2008, 2009; Courtillot et al., 2010) focus on the variabilities of temperature and solar activity records to identify their relationships. We discuss the meaning of such analyses and propose a general framework to test the statistical significance for these variability-based analyses. This approach is illustrated using European temperature data sets and geomagnetic field variations. We show that tests for significant correlation between observed temperature variability and geomagnetic field variability is hindered by a low number of degrees of freedom introduced by excessively smoothing the variability-based statistics.

Relationship of cholera incidence to El Niño and solar activity elucidated by time-series analysis

2009 ◽  
Vol 138 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. OHTOMO ◽  
N. KOBAYASHI ◽  
A. SUMI ◽  
N. OHTOMO
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Solar Activity ◽  
Time Series Analysis ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sunspot Number ◽  
El Niño ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Series Analysis ◽  
Relationship Of

SUMMARYUsing time-series analysis, we investigated the monthly cholera incidence in Dhaka, Bangladesh during an 18-year period for its relationship to the sea surface temperature (SST) linked to El Niño, and to the sunspot number. Dominant periodic modes identified for cholera incidence were 11·0, 4·8, 3·5, 2·9, 1·6, 1·0 and 0·5 years. The majority of these modes, e.g. the 11·0-, 4·8-, 3·5-, 1·6- and 1·0-year modes, were essentially consistent with those obtained for the SST data (dominant modes: 5·1, 3·7, 2·5, 2·1, 1·5, 1·0 years) and the sunspot number data (dominant modes: 22·1, 11·1, 7·3, 4·8, 3·1 years). We confirmed that the variations of cholera incidence were synchronous with SSTs, and were inversely correlated to the sunspot numbers. These results suggest that the cholera incidence in Bangladesh may have been influenced by the occurrence of El Niño and also by the periodic change of solar activity.

scholarly journals Descrição temporal do comportamento do Cerrado sensu strictu usando séries temporais

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Sérgio Luís Dias Machado ◽  
Claudionor Ribeiro Silva ◽  
Aracy Alves de Araújo
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Standard Error ◽  
Digital Images ◽  
Quality Information ◽  
Future Time ◽  
Use Of Time ◽  
Landsat 5 Tm ◽  
The Relationship

Currently has been a growing concern about the relationship between humans and nature. The challenges to making this relationship more sustainable have been pointed out. Together with this growing need and concern environmental, geotechnologies appear as strong allies, especially in the generation of more accurate and updated data to assist in tasks such as environmental management and planning in the processes of exploration of a given biome. In this context, this study aimed to analyze the phenological behavior of Cerrado phytophysiognomies (Pirapitinga Ecological Station - MG) with the use of time series of NDVI and surface temperature determined from digital images, obtained with the Landsat 5-TM sensor. For this, a study was carried out with the two time series, analyzing the intrinsic variables, such as trend, seasonality, prediction and cointegration. The prediction of the NDVI series presented a standard error lower than 0.079, which represents a quality information about the phytophysiognomy analyzed at a future time. This is a very important fact, given that currently the Cerrado suffers from an accelerated process of degradation. Therefore, it is useful information in processes of recovery, maneuver and management of degraded areas.

scholarly journals The relationship between ENSO and Paraná River flow

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 189-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. O. Cardoso ◽  
P. L. Silva Dias
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
El Niño ◽  
River Flow ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Paraná River ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Parana River ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Several studies indicate that there is a relationship between the climatic variability in the South American continent and alterations of the position and intensity of the heat sources in the equatorial region. The El Niño phenomenon can influence the precipitation over some regions of South America such as the Brazilian Northeast, Amazonia, South of Brazil and Uruguay. Over 80% of Brazil's energy comes from hydropower, and decisions concerning future availability and pricing require forecasts of river flow, ideally several months in advance. In this work the relationship between the Paraná River flow and the ENSO (El Niño/Southern Oscillation) mode is investigated and statistical forecasts of river flow are tested. An evaluation of the relationship between the Pacific sea surface temperature and the Paraná River flow indicates an ENSO pattern over the equatorial Pacific. The time series of the ENSO mode obtained by applying principal components analysis on the sea surface temperature (SST) were used as predictors for the Paraná River flow forecast. Improvement in the model forecast skill is also obtained by considering the lagged river flow time series as a predictor.

EXTREME VALUES OF SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE ASSOCIATED WITH LONG-PERIOD PHENOMENA OCCURRED DURING 1960-2015 IN THE COLOMBIAN PACIFIC OCEAN

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diaz Juan Navia ◽  
Diaz Juan Navia ◽  
Bolaños Nancy Villegas ◽  
Bolaños Nancy Villegas ◽  
Igor Malikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Extreme Values ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Absolute Maximum ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Arctic Oscillation Index ◽  
Colombian Pacific

Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies (SSTA), in four coastal hydrographic stations of Colombian Pacific Ocean, were analyzed. The selected hydrographic stations were: Tumaco (1°48'N-78°45'W), Gorgona island (2°58'N-78°11'W), Solano Bay (6°13'N-77°24'W) and Malpelo island (4°0'N-81°36'W). SSTA time series for 1960-2015 were calculated from monthly Sea Surface Temperature obtained from International Comprehensive Ocean Atmosphere Data Set (ICOADS). SSTA time series, Oceanic Nino Index (ONI), Pacific Decadal Oscillation index (PDO), Arctic Oscillation index (AO) and sunspots number (associated to solar activity), were compared. It was found that the SSTA absolute minimum has occurred in Tumaco (-3.93°C) in March 2009, in Gorgona (-3.71°C) in October 2007, in Solano Bay (-4.23°C) in April 2014 and Malpelo (-4.21°C) in December 2005. The SSTA absolute maximum was observed in Tumaco (3.45°C) in January 2002, in Gorgona (5.01°C) in July 1978, in Solano Bay (5.27°C) in March 1998 and Malpelo (3.64°C) in July 2015. A high correlation between SST and ONI in large part of study period, followed by a good correlation with PDO, was identified. The AO and SSTA have showed an inverse relationship in some periods. Solar Cycle has showed to be a modulator of behavior of SSTA in the selected stations. It was determined that extreme values of SST are related to the analyzed large scale oscillations.

scholarly journals Modeling the Temperature Field in the Ground with an Installed Slinky-Coil Heat Exchanger

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 4010
Author(s):  
Monika Gwadera ◽  
Krzysztof Kupiec
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Field ◽  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Heat Sources ◽  
Ground Surface Temperature ◽  
Coil Heat Exchanger ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Temperature Responses ◽  
Coil Heat

In order to find the temperature field in the ground with a heat exchanger, it is necessary to determine temperature responses of the ground caused by heat sources and the influence of the environment. To determine the latter, a new model of heat transfer in the ground under natural conditions was developed. The heat flux of the evaporation of moisture from the ground was described by the relationship taking into account the annual amount of rainfall. The analytical solution for the equations of this model is presented. Under the conditions for which the calculations were performed, the following data were obtained: the average ground surface temperature Tsm = 10.67 °C, the ground surface temperature amplitude As = 13.88 K, and the phase angle Ps = 0.202 rad. This method makes it possible to easily determine the undisturbed ground temperature at any depth and at any time. This solution was used to find the temperature field in the ground with an installed slinky-coil heat exchanger that consisted of 63 coils. The results of calculations according to the presented model were compared with the results of measurements from the literature. The 3D model for the ground with an installed heat exchanger enables the analysis of the influence of miscellaneous parameters of the process of extracting or supplying heat from/to the ground on its temperature field.

scholarly journals Does a Manager Respond to a Going-Concern Audit Opinion with an Asymmetry in Gain and Loss?

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4425
Author(s):  
Taewoo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Accounting Conservatism ◽  
Timely Manner ◽  
Audit Opinion ◽  
Going Concern ◽  
Asymmetric Timeliness ◽  
Gain And Loss ◽  
Audit Opinions ◽  
The Relationship

In this paper, I investigate the relationship between previous going-concern audit opinions and subsequent asymmetric timeliness in accounting. Using the time-series and price-based models and conservatism proxy, I find that firms with going-concern audit opinions subsequently report losses in a more timely manner than firms that did not receive going-concern audit opinions. Furthermore, I also find that firms exiting going-concern audit opinions are more likely to report losses rather than gains in a timely manner, compared to firms non-exiting from going-concern opinions. This study extends the prior research by exploring the association between going-concern opinions and accounting conservatism from the perspective of client firms—that is, how firms behave strategically and conservatively to bypass going-concern opinions, once the firms had received previous going-concern opinions.

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