Relationships between plasma apelin and adiponectin with normal weight obesity, body composition, and cardiorespiratory fitness in working adults

AbstractNormal-weight obesity (NWO) syndrome is associated with metabolic diseases. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of 12 weeks of a high-protein (HP) v. a standard protein (SP) diet on appetite, anthropometry and body composition in NWO women. In this clinical trial, fifty NWO women were randomly allocated to HP (n 25) or SP (n 25) diet groups. Women in the HP and SP groups consumed 25 and 15 % of their total energy intake from protein for 12 weeks. Weight, fat mass (FM), lean body mass (LBM), waist circumference (WC) and appetite were evaluated at baseline and following their 3-month intervention. After 12 weeks, the LBM was higher in HP compared with no significant changes in the SP group (mean between-group difference = 1·5 kg; 95 % CI 3·1, 0·01; effect size (d) = 0·4). Furthermore, the HP group had lower FM (mean between-group difference –1·1 kg; 95 % CI 1, –3·3; d = –0·2), body fat percentage (BFP) (mean between-group difference –2 %; 95 % CI 0·7, –5·2; d = –0·3) and WC (mean between-group difference –1·4 cm; 95 % CI 0·6, –3·6; d = –0·2) at the end of the study in comparison with the SP group. In both groups, weight and appetite were unchanged over time without significant differences between groups. Twelve weeks of euenergetic diets with different dietary protein contents resulted in no significant weight loss in women with NWO. However, an HP diet significantly improved body composition (LBM, FM, BFP and WC) in this population.

Download Full-text

25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Prepubertal Overweight and Obese Children

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13051597 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 1597

Author(s):

Lorena Villalba-Heredia ◽

Cristina Comeras-Chueca ◽

Alejandro González-Agüero ◽

Daniel Domingo-del-Val ◽

Pilar Calmarza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Body Composition ◽

Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Specific Reference ◽

Obese Children ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Overweight Or Obesity

Childhood obesity has become a major global health problem. Vitamin D deficiency and poor cardiorespiratory fitness are highly prevalent in children with overweight or obesity, but little is known about their relationships. In this study, we aimed to analyze the relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and cardiorespiratory fitness parameters in prepubertal obese and overweight children. A cross-sectional design with a sample of 57 prepubertal children, aged 9–11 years, with overweight or obesity was used. The fasting concentration of 25(OH)D was analyzed with a chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay. Fat and lean body masses were determined by using DXA. Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) was measured with the maximal treadmill test. A total of 68.4% of the sample had sufficient levels of 25(OH)D. As expected, their cardiorespiratory fitness was poor compared with that of normal-weight children, but 60% of the group exceeded the median obesity-specific reference values. No differences were found between the sexes for relative VO2max or 25(OH)D levels. Moreover, no correlations were found between 25(OH)D and body composition or cardiorespiratory parameters for sex or vitamin D groups. Vitamin D status seems not to be directly related to body composition or cardiorespiratory fitness in prepubertal overweight or obese children.

Download Full-text

Characteristics of Body Composition and Lifestyle in Chinese University Students with Normal-Weight Obesity: A Cross-Sectional Study

Diabetes Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity Targets and Therapy ◽

10.2147/dmso.s325115 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol Volume 14 ◽

pp. 3427-3436

Author(s):

Gusonghan Maitiniyazi ◽

Yue Chen ◽

Yu-Yu Qiu ◽

Zhen-Xing Xie ◽

Jian-Yun He ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

University Students ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Chinese University ◽

Normal Weight Obesity ◽

Chinese University Students

Download Full-text

Resistance-training Induced Regional Body Composition Changes In Females With Obesity Vs. Normal Weight Obesity

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise ◽

10.1249/01.mss.0000561769.80556.46 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 51 (Supplement) ◽

pp. 424

Author(s):

Bharath S. Selvaraj ◽

Cory Mahan ◽

Shelby Kloiber ◽

Amy Givan ◽

Mackenzie Clemments ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Resistance Training ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Regional Body Composition ◽

Normal Weight Obesity ◽

Composition Changes

Download Full-text

Body composition and lung function in cystic fibrosis and their association with adiposity and normal-weight obesity

Nutrition ◽

10.1016/j.nut.2015.10.012 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 32 (4) ◽

pp. 447-452 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Jessica A. Alvarez ◽

Thomas R. Ziegler ◽

Erin C. Millson ◽

Arlene A. Stecenko

Keyword(s):

Cystic Fibrosis ◽

Body Composition ◽

Lung Function ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Normal Weight Obesity

Download Full-text

Anthropometric, body composition, and somatotype characteristics of Japanese young women: Implications for normal-weight obesity syndrome and sarcopenia diagnosis criteria

Interventional Medicine and Applied Science ◽

10.1556/1646.11.2019.14 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 117-121

Author(s):

Tomohiro Yasuda

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Body Composition ◽

Body Fat ◽

Young Women ◽

Gait Speed ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Skeletal Muscle Index ◽

Normal Weight Obesity ◽

Diagnosis Criteria ◽

Obesity Syndrome

Aims The purpose of this study was to examine the anthropometric, body composition, and somatotype characteristics of Japanese young women and to focus on normal-weight obesity syndrome and sarcopenia diagnosis criteria. Methods A total of 124 Japanese university freshmen women were measured at body mass index (BMI), percent body fat and skeletal muscle index (SMI), usual gait test, and handgrip strength. The subjects were divided into obesity (≥30% body fat; BMI: ≥25.0 kg/m2), normal-weight obesity (≥30% body fat; BMI: 18.5–24.9 kg/m2), sarcopenia (handgrip, <18 kg; gait speed: ≤0.8 m/s; SMI: <5.7 kg/m2), or presarcopenia (SMI: <5.7 kg/m2). There were no subjects below the sarcopenia diagnosis criteria in usual gait speed, but not for handgrip (0.8%) and SMI (36.3%). Results The prevalence of presarcopenia group (36.3%) is higher than in the normal-weight obesity (16.9%) and obesity (4.8%) groups. Anthropometry and sarcopenia diagnosis assessments were significantly higher in normal-weight obesity and standard groups compared with presarcopenia group. Discussion The number of young women was higher in the presarcopenia group than in the normal-weight obesity group, suggesting that the improvement of intrinsic skeletal muscle mass rather than fat mass is important for Japanese young women.

Download Full-text

Polymorphism PLIN1 11482 G>A Interacts with Dietary Intake to Modulate Anthropometric Measures and Lipid Profile in Adults with Normal-Weight Obesity Syndrome

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114521004396 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-24

Author(s):

Luciana C Holzbach ◽

Amanda G Z Silveira ◽

Lana P Franco ◽

Maria A Horst ◽

Cristiane Cominetti

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Dietary Intake ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Body Fat ◽

Nutrient Intake ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Model Assessment ◽

Anthropometric Measures ◽

Normal Weight Obesity ◽

Cardiometabolic Markers

Abstract Evidence shows that genetic polymorphisms in perilipin 1 gene (PLIN1) are associated with excessive accumulation of body fat and disturbances in cardiometabolic markers. Therefore, the aim of this study was to verify whether the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) PLIN1 11482 G>A (rs894160) interacts with nutrient intake, anthropometric, body composition, and cardiometabolic markers in adults with Normal-Weight Obesity (NWO) syndrome. A cross-sectional study was carried out with 116 individuals aged 20 to 59, with normal body mass index (BMI) and high percentage of body fat. Anthropometric and body composition measures, glycaemic control and serum lipid markers, SNP PLIN1 11482 G>A, and nutrient intake were evaluated. Interactions between nutrient intake and the SNP were determined by regression models and adjusted for potential confounders. The SNP frequency was 56.0% GG, 38.8% GA and 5.2% AA. Anthropometric measures and biochemical markers were not different according to genotype, except for total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and non-HDL-C concentrations. However, important interactions between the SNP and dietary intake were observed. Carbohydrate intake interacted with the SNP PLIN1 11482 G>A to modulate waist circumference (WC) and the Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance index. Interaction of lipid intake and the SNP modulated TC and LDL-C concentrations, and the interaction between protein intake and the SNP tended to modulate weight, WC and BMI. The SNP PLIN1 11482 G>A seems to modulate responses in anthropometric and lipid profile biomarkers of subjects with NWO depending on the dietary macronutrient composition, which may have long-term impact on cardiometabolic markers.

Download Full-text