Tensile strength, growth factor content and proliferation activities for two platelet concentrates of platelet-rich fibrin and concentrated growth factor

Abstract Background：Autologous platelet concentrate has been widely used to encourage the regeneration of hard and soft tissues. Up to now, there are three generations of autologous platelet concentrates. Many studies have shown that different autologous platelet concentrates have different healing effects. However, these differences still need to be further verified and discussed. The purpose of this study was to explore and compare the effects of platelet-rich fibrin, concentrated growth factor and platelet-poor plasma on the healing of tooth extraction sockets in New Zealand rabbits. Methods：A total of 24 healthy male New Zealand white rabbits aged 8-12 weeks were selected. The experimental animals were randomly divided into four groups: three experimental groups were respectively implanted with PPP, CGF and PRF gel after bilateral mandibular anterior teeth were extracted, and the control group did not implant any material. The alveolar bone of the mandibular anterior region was taken at 2, 4 and 8 weeks after operation. The height and width of the extraction wound were detected by CBCT, the growth of the new bone was observed by HE and Masson staining, and the expression of osteogenic genes was detected by real-time PCR. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS statistical package 22.0.Results: The radiological results showed that alveolar bone absorption in all groups gradually increased over time. However, the experimental groups showed lower amounts of bone absorption. The histological results showed that new bone formation was observed in all groups. Over time, the new bone trabeculae of the CGF group became closely aligned while those in the PPP and PRF groups remained scattered. PCR results showed that the expression of BMP-2 and ALP was higher in the experimental groups than the control group.Conclusion: In conclusion, the application of PRF, CGF and PPP in tooth extraction sockets effectively promoted bone regeneration. CGF showed more effective bone induction and tissue regeneration ability in the long term.

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From Platelet-Rich Plasma to Advanced Platelet-Rich Fibrin: Biological Achievements and Clinical Advances in Modern Surgery

European Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.1055/s-0039-1696585 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 (02) ◽

pp. 280-286 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Andrea Caruana ◽

Daniele Savina ◽

José Paulo Macedo ◽

Sandra Clara Soares

Keyword(s):

Growth Factors ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Tissue Regeneration ◽

Second Generation ◽

Transforming Growth Factor ◽

Platelet Rich Plasma ◽

Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

Cellular Migration ◽

Platelet Concentrates ◽

Platelet Rich Fibrin

AbstractIn the past 20 years, the platelet concentrates have evolved from first-generation products, i.e., platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and plasma rich in growth factors to the second-generation products such as leukocyte-platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) and advanced platelet-rich fibrin (A-PRF). These autologous products with a higher leukocyte inclusion and flexible fibrin mesh act as a scaffold to increase cellular migration in the angiogenic, osteogenic, and antimicrobial potential of these biomaterials in tissue regeneration. In the second-generation platelet concentrates, the protocols are easier, cheaper, and faster with an entire physiological fibrin matrix, resulting in a tridimensional mesh, not as rigid as one of the first generations. This allows the slow release of molecules over a longer period of time and triggers the healing and regenerative process at the site of injury. The potential of A-PRF to mimic the physiology and immunology of wound healing is also due to the high concentration of growth factors released as follows: vascular endothelial growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor, transforming growth factor-β, and anti-inflammatory cytokines that stimulate tissue cicatrization, vessels formation, and bone cell proliferation and differentiation. Furthermore, the number of neutrophils and monocytes/macrophages is higher releasing important chemotactic molecules such as chemokine ligand-5 and eotaxin. Thus, L-PRF and A-PRF have been used, especially in implantology, periodontology, and maxillofacial surgery. Future clinical applications include tissue regeneration/grafts, ulcers/skin necrosis in the diabetic patient and others, plastic surgery, and even musculoskeletal lesions.

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Effect of autogenous growth factors released from platelet concentrates on the osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament fibroblasts: a comparative study

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.7984 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

pp. e7984 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Zheng Zhang ◽

Xinyue Li ◽

Jing Zhao ◽

Wenjun Jia ◽

Zuomin Wang

Keyword(s):

Growth Factors ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Osteogenic Differentiation ◽

Periodontal Ligament ◽

Platelet Concentrates ◽

Periodontal Ligament Fibroblasts ◽

Platelet Rich Fibrin ◽

Alp Activity ◽

Blocking Antibodies ◽

Tgf Β1

Background Platelet concentrates have been used in tissue regeneration. The purpose of this study was to examine effects of growth factors released from leukocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) and concentrated growth factor (CGF) on the osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PDLFs). Methods Leukocyte- and platelet-rich fibrins, CGFs and PDLFs were obtained from New Zealand rabbits. The release of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) from L-PRFs and CGFs was measured at 5 h and 1, 3, 5, 7 days, using the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. The PDLFs were treated with exudates of L-PRF or CGF. After the treatment, cell counting kit-8 assay was performed at day 1, 3, 5 and 7. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) assay and Western blotting were applied at day 7. Three blocking antibodies were used to neutralize the proteins of bFGF, BMP-2 and TGF-β1. Results Leukocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin and CGF showed different growth factor release pattern, but similar accumulated concentration of these growth factors. PDLFs proliferation was significantly promoted by both L-PRF and CGF at day 1, 3 and 7, and CGF group was superior to L-PRF group at day 1 and 3. Both L-PRF and CGF significantly enhanced PDLFs ALP activity and protein expression of osteogenic markers. The osteopontin level was higher in CGF group than in L-PRF group, but no significant differences were found between two groups for ALP activity. Three blocking antibodies significantly downregulated both L-PRF and CGF induced osteogenic markers expression. Conclusion Both CGF and L-PRF can promote the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of PDLFs. The bFGF, BMP-2 and TGF-β1 are involved in both L-PRF and CGF induced osteogenic differentiation of PDLFs.

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Ultrastructure and growth factor content of equine platelet-rich fibrin gels

American Journal of Veterinary Research ◽

10.2460/ajvr.75.4.392 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 75 (4) ◽

pp. 392-401 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Jamie A. Textor ◽

Kaitlin C. Murphy ◽

J. Kent Leach ◽

Fern Tablin

Keyword(s):

Growth Factor ◽

Factor Content ◽

Platelet Rich Fibrin ◽

Fibrin Gels

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Tensile strength assay comparing the resistance between two different autologous platelet concentrates (leucocyte-platelet rich fibrin versus advanced-platelet rich fibrin): a pilot study

International Journal of Implant Dentistry ◽

10.1186/s40729-020-00284-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Martim de Almeida Nóbrega Correia Pascoal ◽

Nuno Bernardo Malta dos Santos ◽

António Manuel Godinho Completo ◽

Gustavo Vicentis de Oliveira Fernandes

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Tensile Strength ◽

Platelet Concentrates ◽

Membrane Degradation ◽

Platelet Rich Fibrin ◽

A Value ◽

Single Person ◽

History Of ◽

Traction Test ◽

Autologous Platelet

Abstract Background Since the leucocyte-platelet rich fibrin (L-PRF) was published in 2001, many studies have been developed, analyzing its properties, and also verifying new possibilities to improve it. Thereby, it emerges the advanced-platelet rich fibrin (A-PRF) with a protocol that optimizes the properties obtained by the L-PRF. Nonetheless, there is a gap in the literature to landmark the evolutive process concerning the mechanical properties in specific the resistance to tensile strength which consequently may influence the time for membrane degradation. Thus, this study had the goal to compare the resistance to the traction of membranes produced with the original L-PRF and A-PRF protocols, being the first to this direct comparison. Findings The harvest of blood from a healthy single person, with no history of anticoagulant usage. We performed the protocols described in the literature, within a total of 13 membranes produced for each protocol (n = 26). Afterward, the membranes were prepared and submitted to a traction test assessing the maximal and the average traction achieved for each membrane. The data were analyzed statistically using the unpaired t test. Regarding average traction, A-PRF obtained a value of 0.0288 N mm−2 and L-PRF 0.0192 N mm−2 (p < 0.05 using unpaired t test). For maximal traction, A-PRF obtained 0.0752 N mm−2 and L-PRF 0.0425 N mm−2 (p < 0.05 using unpaired t test). Conclusion With this study, it was possible to conclude that indeed A-PRF has a significative higher maximal traction score and higher average traction compared to L-PRF, indicating that it had a higher resistance when two opposing forces are applied.

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