Heterogeneity of humic/fulvic acids derived from composts explains the differences in accelerating soil Cd-hyperaccumulation by Sedum alfredii

The objective of the present investigation was to evaluate the physical characteristics of the vermicompost and the quality of the purine of the red Californian (Eisenia foetida) using different substrates of feed for these worms. For this purpose, nine treatments were studied: 75% African palm rachis + 25% cattle manure, 50% African palm rachis + 50% cattle manure, 25% African palm rachis + 75% livestock manure, 50% manure of cattle, 50% of manure of cattle, 25% of manure of cattle, 50% of manure of cattle, 50% of manure of cattle, 50% of rach of coconut + 50% of manure of Livestock, 25% coccus rachis + 75% livestock manure. The substrate made up of 50% of rachis of coconut and 50% of livestock manure can be used in nurseries or nurseries for being the one that registered a value of pH 7.3 plus the closest to the neutral compared to the others, besides this (75% of oil palm rachis and 25% of cattle manure) showed a higher content of humic and fulvic acids (0.87 and 0.45 p / p, respectively), compounds that are important for agriculture by stimulating plant growth, in addition to this reflection 0.06% sulfur content, 4.0 ppm boron, 7.0 ppm copper, 47.5 ppm iron, 6.0 ppm manganese, with a presence of microorganisms of the species Trichoderma, Penicillium, Cladosporium sp. in amounts of 1.91x105 UFC / ml, however in this substrate was obtained between 13.3 and 43.5% less liquid slurry in Comparison with other treatments.

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Fulvic Acids and Viral Infections

The Open Conference Proceedings Journal ◽

10.2174/2210289201203010024 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 24-29

Author(s):

O. Y. Morales

Keyword(s):

Viral Infections ◽

Fulvic Acids

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The impact of humic and fulvic acids on the dynamic properties of liposome membranes: the ESR method

Journal of Liposome Research ◽

10.3109/08982104.2013.839998 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 24 (2) ◽

pp. 106-112 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Dariusz Man ◽

Izabella Pisarek ◽

Michał Braczkowski ◽

Barbara Pytel ◽

Ryszard Olchawa

Keyword(s):

Dynamic Properties ◽

Fulvic Acids ◽

Humic And Fulvic Acids ◽

The Impact

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Characterization of Soil Organic Matter Individual Fractions (Fulvic Acids, Humic Acids, and Humins) by Spectroscopic and Electrochemical Techniques in Agricultural Soils

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11061067 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 1067

Author(s):

Aleksandra Ukalska-Jaruga ◽

Romualda Bejger ◽

Guillaume Debaene ◽

Bożena Smreczak

Keyword(s):

Molecular Weight ◽

Organic Matter ◽

Soil Organic Matter ◽

Humic Substances ◽

Humic Acids ◽

Agricultural Soils ◽

Fulvic Acids ◽

Sorption Properties ◽

Aliphatic Chains

The objective of this paper was to investigate the molecular characterization of soil organic matter fractions (humic substances (HS): fulvic acids-FAs, humic acids-HAs, and humins-HNs), which are the most reactive soil components. A wide spectrum of spectroscopic (UV–VIS and VIS–nearIR), as well as electrochemical (zeta potential, particle size diameter, and polydispersity index), methods were applied to find the relevant differences in the behavior, formation, composition, and sorption properties of HS fractions derived from various soils. Soil material (n = 30) used for the study were sampled from the surface layer (0–30 cm) of agricultural soils. FAs and HAs were isolated by sequential extraction in alkaline and acidic solutions, according to the International Humic Substances Society method, while HNs was determined in the soil residue (after FAs and HAs extraction) by mineral fraction digestion using a 0.1M HCL/0.3M HF mixture and DMSO. Our study showed that significant differences in the molecular structures of FAs, Has, and HNs occurred. Optical analysis confirmed the lower molecular weight of FAs with high amount of lignin-like compounds and the higher weighted aliphatic–aromatic structure of HAs. The HNs were characterized by a very pronounced and strong condensed structure associated with the highest molecular weight. HAs and HNs molecules exhibited an abundance of acidic, phenolic, and amine functional groups at the aromatic ring and aliphatic chains, while FAs mainly showed the presence of methyl, methylene, ethenyl, and carboxyl reactive groups. HS was characterized by high polydispersity related with their structure. FAs were characterized by ellipsoidal shape as being associated to the long aliphatic chains, while HAs and HNs revealed a smaller particle diameter and a more spherical shape caused by the higher intermolecular forcing between the particles. The observed trends directly indicate that individual HS fractions differ in behavior, formation, composition, and sorption properties, which reflects their binding potential to other molecules depending on soil properties resulting from their type. The determined properties of individual HS fractions are presented as averaged characteristics over the examined soils with different physico-chemical properties.

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Advances in Circular Bioeconomy Technologies: From Agricultural Wastewater to Value-Added Resources

Environments ◽

10.3390/environments8030020 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 20

Author(s):

Nidhi Mehta ◽

Kinjal J Shah ◽

Yu-I Lin ◽

Yongjun Sun ◽

Shu-Yuan Pan

Keyword(s):

Membrane Separation ◽

Value Added ◽

Fulvic Acids ◽

Chemical Precipitation ◽

Environmental Benefits ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽

Piggery Wastewater ◽

Agricultural Wastewater ◽

Treatment Processes ◽

Electrokinetic Separation

This review systematically outlines the recent advances in the application of circular bioeconomy technologies for converting agricultural wastewater to value-added resources. The properties and applications of the value-added products from agricultural wastewater are first summarized. Various types of agricultural wastewater, such as piggery wastewater and digestate from anaerobic digestion, are focused on. Next, different types of circular technologies for recovery of humic substances (e.g., humin, humic acids and fulvic acids) and nutrients (e.g., nitrogen and phosphorus) from agricultural wastewater are reviewed and discussed. Advanced technologies, such as chemical precipitation, membrane separation and electrokinetic separation, are evaluated. The environmental benefits of the circular technologies compared to conventional wastewater treatment processes are also addressed. Lastly, the perspectives and prospects of the circular technologies for agricultural wastewater are provided.

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Abscisic acid-mediated modifications in water transport continuum are involved in cadmium hyperaccumulation in Sedum alfredii

Chemosphere ◽

10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129339 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 268 ◽

pp. 129339

Author(s):

Qi Tao ◽

Radek Jupa ◽

Qin Dong ◽

Xin Yang ◽

Yuankun Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Abscisic Acid ◽

Water Transport ◽

Sedum Alfredii ◽

Cadmium Hyperaccumulation

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Organic Materials and Their Chemically Extracted Humic and Fulvic Acids as Potential Soil Amendments for Faba Bean Cultivation in Soils with Varying CaCO3 Contents

Horticulturae ◽

10.3390/horticulturae7080205 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (8) ◽

pp. 205

Author(s):

Ihab M. Farid ◽

Mohamed A. El-Ghozoli ◽

Mohamed H. H. Abbas ◽

Dalia S. El-Atrony ◽

Hassan H. Abbas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Humic Substances ◽

Faba Bean ◽

Plant Biomass ◽

Nitrogenase Activity ◽

Organic Amendments ◽

Fulvic Acids ◽

Mineral N ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Long Time ◽

Factor C

Organic amendments are important sources of nutrients that release upon organic matter degradation, yet the stability of these organics in arid and semi-arid regions is relatively low. In contrast, humic substances (HS) are resistant to biodegradation and can keep nutrients in the soil available for the plant over a long time. Combinations between humic substances (HS) and mineral-N fertilizers are assumed to retain higher available nutrients in soils than those recorded for the sole application of either mineral or organic applications. We anticipate, however, that humic substances might not be as efficient as the organics from which they were extracted in increasing NP uptake by plants. To test these assumptions, faba bean was planted in a pot experiment under greenhouse conditions following a complete randomized design while considering three factors: two soils (calcareous and non-calcareous, Factor A), two organics (biogas and compost, Factor B) and combinations of the organics and their extracts (HA or FA) together with complementary doses of mineral-N ((NH4)2SO4) to attain a total rate of 50 kg N ha−1 (the recommended dose for faba bean plants) (Factor C). Results indicated that nitrogenase activity increased significantly due to the application of the used organics. In this respect, compost manure caused higher nitrogenase activity than biogas manure did. Humic substances raised NP-availability and the uptake by plants significantly; however, the values of increase were lower than those that occurred due to the compost or biogas manure. Moreover, the sole application of the used organics recorded the highest increases in plant biomass. Significant correlations were also detected between NP-availability, uptake and plant biomass. This means that HS could probably retain nutrients in available forms for long time periods, yet nutrients released continuously but slowly upon decomposition of organics seemed more important for plant nutrition.

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Sewage sludge and solid residues from biogas production derived biochar as an effective bio-waste adsorbent of fulvic acids from water or wastewater

Chemosphere ◽

10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130447 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 130447

Author(s):

Magdalena Kończak ◽

Anna Siatecka ◽

Michael A. Nazarkovsky ◽

Bożena Czech ◽

Patryk Oleszczuk

Keyword(s):

Sewage Sludge ◽

Biogas Production ◽

Fulvic Acids

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Auxin-Induced SaARF4 Downregulates SaACO4 to Inhibit Lateral Root Formation in Sedum alfredii Hance

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22031297 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

pp. 1297

Author(s):

Dong Xu ◽

Zhuchou Lu ◽

Guirong Qiao ◽

Wenmin Qiu ◽

Longhua Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lateral Root ◽

Ethylene Biosynthesis ◽

Luciferase Assay ◽

Sedum Alfredii ◽

Ethylene Synthesis ◽

Root Tips ◽

Sedum Alfredii Hance ◽

Auxin Distribution ◽

Distribution Mode ◽

High Level

Lateral root (LR) formation promotes plant resistance, whereas high-level ethylene induced by abiotic stress will inhibit LR emergence. Considering that local auxin accumulation is a precondition for LR generation, auxin-induced genes inhibiting ethylene synthesis may thus be important for LR development. Here, we found that auxin response factor 4 (SaARF4) in Sedum alfredii Hance could be induced by auxin. The overexpression of SaARF4 decreased the LR number and reduced the vessel diameters. Meanwhile, the auxin distribution mode was altered in the root tips and PIN expression was also decreased in the overexpressed lines compared with the wild-type (WT) plants. The overexpression of SaARF4 could reduce ethylene synthesis, and thus, the repression of ethylene production decreased the LR number of WT and reduced PIN expression in the roots. Furthermore, the quantitative real-time PCR, chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing, yeast one-hybrid, and dual-luciferase assay results showed that SaARF4 could bind the promoter of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase 4 (SaACO4), associated with ethylene biosynthesis, and could downregulate its expression. Therefore, we concluded that SaARF4 induced by auxin can inhibit ethylene biosynthesis by repressing SaACO4 expression, and this process may affect auxin transport to delay LR development.

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