Exploring hazards of acute exposure of Acephate in Drosophila melanogaster and search for l-ascorbic acid mediated defense in it

Previous studies have shown that rats late in pregnancy and throughout lactation are more susceptible to ozone (O3)-induced pulmonary inflammation than are prepregnant (virgin) or postlactating rats. The major aim of the present study was to determine whether these differences in response intensity could be accounted for by the O3 dose to the lower region of the lung. The relative O3 dose to the lower lung of groups of pregnant, lactating, and virgin female rats was estimated by measuring the incorporation of the18O isotope into low-speed (cells) and high-speed (surfactant) pellets of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid immediately after acute exposure to 0.5–1.1 parts/million18O3. The polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) and protein inflammatory responses were established 20 h after acute exposure of identical physiological groups to 0.5–1.1 parts/million16O3(common isotope). A single regression of PMN inflammation data against surfactant 18O concentration for all physiological groups gave a linear relationship, indicating direct proportionality of PMN inflammation with this estimate of relative dose to the lower lung regardless of physiological status. This implies that the chemical species that react with surfactant molecules, i.e., O3 or its metabolites, are the same as or proportional to those chemical species responsible for initiating PMN inflammation. Additional experiments showed that lung tissue ascorbic acid concentration was significantly lower in pregnant and lactating rats than in virgin female rats. Although a causative relationship cannot be assumed, the deficit in tissue ascorbic acid concentration in pregnant and lactating rats compared with virgin female rats is consistent with their greater responsiveness and higher relative surfactant O3 dose.

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Morphological changes in parenchymal organs of laboratory animals in acute effect of carbon tetrachloride

Hygiene and Sanitation ◽

10.47470/0016-9900-2020-99-9-1001-1006 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 99 (9) ◽

pp. 1001-1006

Author(s):

Elvira F. Repina ◽

Denis O. Karimov ◽

Samat S. Baygildin ◽

Gulnara V. Timasheva ◽

Nadezhda Yu. Khusnutdinova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Carbon Tetrachloride ◽

Protective Effect ◽

Morphological Changes ◽

Acute Exposure ◽

Laboratory Animals ◽

Antihypoxic Activity ◽

Prophylactic Administration ◽

Morphological Studies ◽

High Doses

Introduction. Among noninfectious diseases, one of the leading places belongs to pathologies caused by the action of industrial toxicants. In this regard, the search for drugs for the prevention and treatment of various intoxications is one of the priority tasks of public health. Treatment of intoxication with drugs with antioxidant and antihypoxic activity is more effective. The aim of this study was to investigate morphological changes in parenchymal organs (liver, kidneys, and pancreas) under acute exposure to high doses of carbon tetrachloride and to evaluate the effectiveness of their correction with a new composition of oxymethyluracil with ascorbic acid. Material and methods. The composition of 5-hydroxy-6-methyluracil with ascorbic acid was first synthesized at the Ufa Institute of Chemistry, Ufa Federal Research Center, RAS. The preventive effect of the new drug was studied in comparison with “Heptor” on the carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury model. Morphological studies of the liver, pancreas, and kidneys of laboratory animals were carried out. Results. Studies have shown the prophylactic administration of new composition of 5-hydroxy-6-methyluracil with ascorbic acid to have a protective effect on the structure of parenchymal organs in acute carbon tetrachloride intoxication, comparable to the drug “Heptor” (possibly superior). However, reparative properties were observed only in the drug “Heptor”. Conclusion. Comparative estimation of morphological changes in parenchymal organs under acute exposure to high doses of carbon tetrachloride indicates the protective effect of prophylactic administration of the composition of 5-hydroxy-6-methyluracil with ascorbic acid, comparable to the drug “Heptor” (possibly superior).

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Dietary ascorbic acid, pyridoxine and riboflavin reduce the light sensitivity of larvae and pupae of Drosophila melanogaster

Insect Biochemistry ◽

10.1016/0020-1790(91)90108-q ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 21 (5) ◽

pp. 541-544 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

B.G. Bruins ◽

W. Scharloo ◽

G.E.W. Thörig

Keyword(s):

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Drosophila Melanogaster ◽

Light Sensitivity

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Amaranth Leaf Extract Protects Against Hydrogen Peroxide Induced Oxidative Stress in Drosophila Melanogaster

10.21203/rs.3.rs-322299/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Johnmark Ndinawe ◽

Hellen W. Kinyi

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Drosophila Melanogaster ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Polyphenol Compounds ◽

Dose Dependent

Abstract ObjectiveAmaranths leaves are rich in ascorbic acid and polyphenol compounds which have antioxidant activity. The aim of this study was to evaluate their in vivo antioxidant activity. The effect of consumption of Amaranth leaf extract on in vivo antioxidant activity, catalase enzyme activity and H2O2 induced oxidative stress in Drosophila melanogaster flies was assessed.ResultsConsumption of Amaranth leaf extract was associated with increased survival on exposure to H202 in a dose dependent manner in Drosophila melanogaster flies.

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