Casticin from Vitex species: a short review on its anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Wei Chiang Chan ◽  
Siu Kuin Wong ◽  
Hung Tuck Chan
Keyword(s):  
Short Review ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Vitex Species

scholarly journals Anti-Cancer Potential of Synthetic Oleanolic Acid Derivatives and Their Conjugates with NSAIDs

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (16) ◽  
pp. 4957
Author(s):  
Wanda Baer-Dubowska ◽  
Maria Narożna ◽  
Violetta Krajka-Kuźniak
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Oleanolic Acid ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Pentacyclic Triterpenoid ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Synthetic Derivatives ◽  
Cancer Activity

Naturally occurring pentacyclic triterpenoid oleanolic acid (OA) serves as a good scaffold for additional modifications to achieve synthetic derivatives. Therefore, a large number of triterpenoids have been synthetically modified in order to increase their bioactivity and their protective or therapeutic effects. Moreover, attempts were performed to conjugate synthetic triterpenoids with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or other functional groups. Among hundreds of synthesized triterpenoids, still the most promising is 2-cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9(11)-dien-28-oic acid (CDDO), which reached clinical trials level of investigations. The new group of synthetic triterpenoids are OA oximes. The most active among them is 3-hydroxyiminoolean-12-en-28-oic acid morpholide, which additionally improves the anti-cancer activity of standard NSAIDs. While targeting the Nrf2 and NF-κB signaling pathways is the main mechanism of synthetic OA derivatives′ anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activity, most of these compounds exhibit multifunctional activity, and affect cross-talk within the cellular signaling network. This short review updates the earlier data and describes the new OA derivatives and their conjugates in the context of modification of signaling pathways involved in inflammation and cell survival and subsequently in cancer development.

scholarly journals Essential oil composition and in vitro antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activity of South African Vitex species

2004 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 611-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Nyiligira ◽  
A.M. Viljoen ◽  
K.H.C. Başer ◽  
T. Õzek ◽  
S.F. van Vuuren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
South African ◽  
Essential Oil Composition ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Vitex Species

Traditional Uses, Therapeutic Effects and Recent Advances of Curcumin: A Mini-Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 1072-1082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Layal Slika ◽  
Digambara Patra
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Antitumor Effects ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Traditional Uses ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Molecular Bases

Studies regarding the uses and biological benefits curcumin have long been paid worldwide attention. Curcumin is a polyphenol found in the turmeric spice, which is derived from the rhizomes of Curcuma longa. Curcumin is a major constituent of the traditional Indian holistic system, Ayurveda, and it is well-known in treating diverse ailments. The aim of this study is to conduct an overview that introduces the traditional uses and therapeutic effects of this valuable phytochemical with more focus on the antitumor results. This review was conducted based on published articles on PubMed, Medline, and Web of Science databases. In this study, the search strategy identified 103 references. Curcumin is found to possess many functions in recent years. It is commonly used for its antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, anti-diabetic, hypolipidemic, hepatoprotective, and neuroprotective effects. Curcumin has been greatly reported to prevent many diseases through modulating several signaling pathways, and the molecular bases of its anti-tumor bioactivities are imputed to the antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory, pro-apoptotic, anti-angiogenesis and anti-metastasis effects. The antitoxic potential of curcumin against various toxin like Aflatoxin B1 is reported. Although curcumin is a safe and promising phytochemical, it suffers from bioavailability problems that limit its therapeutic efficacy. Thus, various promising strategies allowed for the achievement of multiple and effective varieties of curcumin formulations, such as adjuvants, nanoparticles, liposome, micelle and phospholipid complexes, metal complexes, derivatives, and analogues. In conclusion, curcumin is widely used for myriad therapeutic purposes that trigger its significant value. This short review aims to highlight the known biological activities of curcumin and provide evidence for its antitumor effects.

scholarly journals Does Vitamin D has Preventive or Treatment Potential to Covid-19 Illness?: A Brief Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-74
Author(s):  
Akash Mishra ◽  
Eans Tara Tuladhar ◽  
Vijay Kumar Sharma ◽  
Mithileshwor Raut ◽  
Aseem Bhattarai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Immune Modulation ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Short Review ◽  
The Body ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Relationship

The world’s health in 2020 was in the grip of the COVID-19 pandemic and its adverse consequences and is still continuing in 2021. Most countries have been locked down or going through different forms of lockdown to prevent the transmission of the infectious virus SARS-CoV-2. To date, there is no specific treatment or vaccination preventive measures. World Health Organization has approved few vaccines for emergency use. Still, the emergence of mutations within SARS-CoV has put forward challenges for vaccine developers. Whether infectious or non-infectious, all diseases have an inflammatory aspect to alarm the body system along with an anti-inflammatory counterbalance mechanism to minimize harmful effects whether through immune modulation or antioxidant reserves. An approach to counteract the novel disease, COVID19, was also sought in enhancing the anti-inflammatory aspect, at the level of prevention and at the level of treatment. One of the methodologies was the recommendation of micronutrient Vitamin D whose immune-modulatory role has been well appreciated in many disease conditions. This short review aims to explore the relationship between vitamin D status through susceptibility and clinical outcomes of COVID-19.

scholarly journals Metformin as an anti-inflammatory agent: a short review

2021 ◽  
Vol 251 (2) ◽  
pp. R11-R22
Author(s):  
Robin Kristófi ◽  
Jan W Eriksson
Keyword(s):  
Chain Complex ◽  
Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Amp Kinase ◽  
Subsequent Increase ◽  
Kinase Activation ◽  
Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain Complex ◽  
Downstream Effects ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Signalling

Metformin is a biguanide drug widely used as the initial treatment of type 2 diabetes. Despite its widespread use, its precise mechanisms of action remain incompletely characterised. Its effect in lowering blood glucose is largely related to the suppression of gluconeogenesis in the liver, which is probably accomplished by partial inhibition of the mitochondrial respiratory chain complex 1 with a subsequent increase in intracellular AMP levels and activation of AMP kinase. Several local and systemic anti-inflammatory effects of metformin have been described. Many of these effects seem to be mediated by AMP kinase activation and downstream effects inhibiting mTOR and NF-κB pro-inflammatory signalling cascades. However, there are also studies describing actions independent of AMP kinase action. In this review, we summarise the currently known mechanisms of metformin on inflammatory pathways and the clinical evidence underpinning the use of metformin as a potential anti-inflammatory drug.

scholarly journals Recent Studies on Biotechnological Roles of Pleurotus spp

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 01-03
Author(s):  
Pankaj Chaurasia
Keyword(s):  
Pleurotus Ostreatus ◽  
Enzyme Production ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Edible Mushrooms ◽  
Oyster Mushroom ◽  
Biotechnological Applications ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Pleurotus fungi are one of the biotechnologically treasured fungi may also be known as oyster or tree mushrooms. Pleurotus ostreatus is a widely used oyster mushroom. Edible mushrooms of this category are generally known for their significant roles in the various field of biotechnology like in food industries, bioremediation, enzyme production, medicinal biotechnology, bioengineering and so on. They have various biotechnologically valuable applications as promising bioremediation, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancerous, anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, and nematocidal and many more. This short review describes about the recent studies (year 2020) on the biotechnological applications of Pleurotus spp.

scholarly journals Use of propolis in difficult to heal diabetic wounds. Short review

2017 ◽  
Vol 127 (4) ◽  
pp. 173-175
Author(s):  
Patrycja Chylińska-Wrzos ◽  
Marta Lis-Sochocka ◽  
Barbara Jodłowska-Jędrych
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Diabetic Wounds

Abstract According to WHO, about 347 million of people worldwide suffer from diabetes. Diabetes has complex etiology, and the consequences of this illness are seen in the morphological changes of many tissues and organs i.e. neuropathy leading to the risk of diabetic foot. Due to the diabetic condition, injuries to blood vessels in diabetic foot can be classified as chronic. This is because such wounds remain unresponsive to treatment for months or even years. There are many therapeutic methods employed in treating such injuries. These involve the use of silver, iodine or multi-antibiotic preparations, but treatment is expensive and cumbersome for patients. In the natural environment, however, there are many anti-inflammatory preparations, among them propolis which was the subject of our focus. Due to its anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties, propolis is widely used in the treatment of colds, caries, rheumatic diseases, heart diseases and treatment of burns, wounds and frostbites. Numerous studies also indicate the beneficial effects of propolis on the difficult to heal diabetic wounds in which the use of propolis can significantly accelerate the healing process. The treatment utilizing propolis is easy, inexpensive and does not seem to cause any side effects, therefore costs can be reduced to minimum. The few studies conducted in diabetic patients confirm the results obtained in laboratory animals.

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