scholarly journals The economic consequences of the contemporary European migration crisis on the Czech Republic

Kontakt ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. e253-e262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Klímová ◽  
Lenka Rosková
Author(s):  
Beata Gavurova ◽  
Miriama Tarhanicova ◽  
Adam Kulhanek ◽  
Roman Gabrhelik

Background: Drinking and smoking have economic consequences and are the main risk factors of mortality and morbidity. Disease-specific deaths attributable to using substances present the primary health indicator in this study. This analysis focuses on mortality in productive age, 15 to 64 years since those deaths are considered the highest economic burden. Method: In the analytical part, data from the Registry of deaths of the Czech Republic for 1994 to 2017 were used. The number of deaths attributable to smoking and drinking was calculated using attributable fractions, based on literature review. This research aimed to reveal the gender differences in deaths attributable to drinking and smoking, according to age, and the differences in deaths regarding smoking or drinking. Results: The mortality attributable to smoking and drinking differs across age groups and genders. The highest median share of tobacco-related deaths is in the age group, 60—64 years. The highest median share of alcoholic deaths is in the age group of 50—54 years. Conclusions: There are significant differences between genders in both, smoking and drinking. A prevention program should be targeted to different age groups.


2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markéta Arltová ◽  
Luboš Smrčka ◽  
Jana Vrabcová ◽  
Jaroslav Schönfeld

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Bauerová

This study has confirmed that the Czech Republic (CR) is an example of a state whose integration and migration policy is very restrictive. Its integration and migration policies have been influenced mainly by migratory flows, economic crises, and European integration. In terms of Europeanisation, it is obvious that the CR carried out fundamental reform in the area of integration and migration policy under the influence of the EU. The implementation of rules in practice has been inadequate. The Czech Republic has recognised and identified the weaknesses of both policies but has not eliminated these weaknesses in practice. The main weakness lies in the fact that both policies are heavily centralised. Local authorities and NGOs do not have sufficient powers and financial resources; moreover, local authorities have no legal obligation to participate in integration. There is a disparity between regions resulting from the unequal concentration of foreigners. A long-term problem is the cultural resistance of society and the requirement for foreigners to assimilate into mainstream society. The migration crisis has increased state activity in the area of migration and integration policy. This is not a manifestation of Europeanisation, but a defence of state interests.


2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-199
Author(s):  
Diana Ivanova

Abstract The migration crisis and related challenges for the future of the Schengen area are some of the main problems facing the EU. The opinion of the Visegrad Four on this issue, however, seriously differs from that of Brussels. Poland, Hungary, the Czech Republic and Slovakia are firmly against the quota principle in the allocation of migrants. The aim of this article is to present the migrant crisis as a top priority during the fifth in the history Polish rotating presidency of the Visegrad Four - from July 1, 2016 to June 30, 2017. This objective will be realized through the implementation of basic tasks - analysis of the documents adopted at the forums of the organization, and the views of leading politicians from the Visegrad countries


2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clarissa Tabosa

The study examines contemporary discourses in two small Central European states, Slovakia and the Czech Republic. The aim is to analyze how key domestic political players discursively construct foreign policy vis-à-vis the migration crisis. Securitization, a concept developed by the Copenhagen School, serves as an analytical framework for revealing the kinds of discourse being produced in the two countries. The analysis of the discourse of the Prime Ministers from 2015 to 2018, indicates that in the Czech Republic and Slovakia foreign policy is being constructed around the issue of Europeanness (belongingness) and accommodation in the core-periphery spectrum. The article shows that the construction of external threats is done in different security sectors in each country, but in both it seems to promote the in-group coherence needed to affirm their belongingness to Europe, and it no longer happens on grounds of ethnically defined nations, but on grounds of the broader idea of civilizational Europe.


2021 ◽  
pp. 77-92
Author(s):  
Ladislav Hrabčák

Law and economics are inevitably connected. This is all the more true in financial law and tax law, where the interaction with the economy is perhaps the biggest. This is also characteristic of the area of fighting tax avoidance practices, as this issue has significant economic aspects. The aim of the article is to clarify the budgetary (economic) significance of taxes with reference to the situation in the conditions of the Czech Republic and to analyse the budgetary (economic) consequences of tax evasion having the nature of a material source of law in adopting instruments to combat this phenomenon.


2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Stojanov ◽  
Oldřich Bureš ◽  
Barbora Duží

This article analyses attitudes of key stakeholders towards migration and development policies in the Czech Republic. It is generally understood that migration policy is a set of measures aimed primarily at handling immigration flows to developed countries, while development policy seeks to foster sustainable growth in developing countries. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 21 experts from the public decision-making, nongovernmental, academic and private (legal) spheres to gather their opinions on the practice of, and relations between, the Czech migration and development policies. The findings of our research point to the lack of coherence between these two types of policies and they highlight several specific discrepancies across individual policy instruments. Moreover, albeit our research was conducted prior to the escalation of the EU migration crisis in 2015, several of our findings contextualize the Czech response to this crisis, both at the national and European Union level.


2021 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 01056
Author(s):  
Jolana Volejníková ◽  
Ondřej Kuba

Research background: The global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is for human society unprecedented. Coronavirus is dramatically changing people’s lives, and despite of uncertainty about the future, it is certain that its global consequences will have many dimensions. The it is undeniable that there have been significant economic impacts are unquestionable today impacts. The Czech economy, like the rest of the world, is facing an unexpected exogenous shock. This being manifests itself with varying intensity both at the level of sub-markets and on the side of aggregate supply and demand. It is literally a textbook example, explaining the outbreak of the downturn phase of the business cycle. Nevertheless, the sudden slowdown of economic activity as a result of the coronavirus pandemic, quarantine and the state of emergency, has many specificities across countries. Purpose of the article: The primary goal of this article is to analyze the economic consequences of the pandemic crisis in the reality of the Czech Republic. On this basis, it identifies the specifics of a pandemic crisis, in the context of a broader framework of economic theories of business cycles. Methods: The analytical part of the article is processed based on publicly available statistical data and economic forecasts. The derivation and argumentation of the conclusions is based on an empiric-inductive approach, methods of synthesis and comparison. Findings & Value added: The article maps the business direct and mediated economic contexts of the economic cycle caused by the coronavirus pandemic in the reality of the Czech Republic. It identifies the differences and specifics of the downward phase of the pandemic business cycle and derives their possible long-term impacts. At the theoretical level, the ambition of the article is to bring new knowledge to the contemporary economic theory of business cycles.


Author(s):  
Anna S. Chetverikova

Migration challenges facing the EU aggravated many internal contradictions of the union. The Visegrad Group and its actually common policy in relation to refugees is a reflection of a part of current processes within the EU. Although formal institutions are not formed, the countries of the V4 are regulating migration questions on a regional level involving the neighboring countries during more than two years. The article is devoted to a research of the Visegrad Group’s actions in conditions of the European migration crisis that includes participation in pan-European measures to tackle refugee’s inflow and initiatives of the Visegrad Group itself and its member countries. Although Hungary, Poland, Slovakia and the Czech Republic are affected differently by the migration crisis, all countries were able to develop a common position in relation to inflow of refugees. The key position of the countries became a rejection of the European resettlement scheme and quota allocation. So far, despite the pressure from the European Commission and the criticism from several international organizations the V4 does not intend to take part in the quota system. The current migration crisis did not cause disagreement and weakening of the Visegrad Group, as several experts sometime say. On the contrary, the existing challenges gave an opportunity to this sub-regional group to be more heard at the EU level. Slovakia’s presidency of the EU Council in the second half of 2016 played a part in this process, in which Slovakia tried to transfer ideas of the sub-regional grouping to an all-European level. The article provides a substantiation of the Visegrad Group’s vision of migration problems based on both socio-economic and political factors. It is possible to single out the orientation in the immigration policy mainly not in the countries of Africa and the Middle East, where the main flow of refugees is coming from. The lower level of socio-economic development of the V4’s countries compared to others members of the EU makes the Visegrad Group into transit territory. The political forces are important also, which currently head the countries of the Visegrad Group and are opponents of mass migration.


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