Migration and development policies: The state of affairs before the 2015 European migration crises in the Czech Republic and its current implications

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Stojanov ◽  
Oldřich Bureš ◽  
Barbora Duží
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
Migration Crisis ◽  
Migration And Development

This article analyses attitudes of key stakeholders towards migration and development policies in the Czech Republic. It is generally understood that migration policy is a set of measures aimed primarily at handling immigration flows to developed countries, while development policy seeks to foster sustainable growth in developing countries. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 21 experts from the public decision-making, nongovernmental, academic and private (legal) spheres to gather their opinions on the practice of, and relations between, the Czech migration and development policies. The findings of our research point to the lack of coherence between these two types of policies and they highlight several specific discrepancies across individual policy instruments. Moreover, albeit our research was conducted prior to the escalation of the EU migration crisis in 2015, several of our findings contextualize the Czech response to this crisis, both at the national and European Union level.

scholarly journals The Czech Republic and the Reality of Migrant Integration Policy in the Context of European Integration

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Bauerová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
European Integration ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
Integration Policy ◽  
Cultural Resistance ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Migration Crisis ◽  
Mainstream Society ◽  
And Migration

This study has confirmed that the Czech Republic (CR) is an example of a state whose integration and migration policy is very restrictive. Its integration and migration policies have been influenced mainly by migratory flows, economic crises, and European integration. In terms of Europeanisation, it is obvious that the CR carried out fundamental reform in the area of integration and migration policy under the influence of the EU. The implementation of rules in practice has been inadequate. The Czech Republic has recognised and identified the weaknesses of both policies but has not eliminated these weaknesses in practice. The main weakness lies in the fact that both policies are heavily centralised. Local authorities and NGOs do not have sufficient powers and financial resources; moreover, local authorities have no legal obligation to participate in integration. There is a disparity between regions resulting from the unequal concentration of foreigners. A long-term problem is the cultural resistance of society and the requirement for foreigners to assimilate into mainstream society. The migration crisis has increased state activity in the area of migration and integration policy. This is not a manifestation of Europeanisation, but a defence of state interests.

scholarly journals Posttraumatic Growth in Women With a Long-Standing Experience of Involuntary Childlessness in the Czech Republic

2022 ◽  
pp. 002216782110682
Author(s):  
Gabriela Ďurašková ◽  
Brennan Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Posttraumatic Growth ◽  
Sexual Life ◽  
Mental Health Providers ◽  
Health Providers ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Qualitative Research Study ◽  
Philosophy Of Life ◽  
Future Plans

This qualitative research study aimed to examine aspects of posttraumatic growth (PTG) in women with a long-standing experience of involuntary childlessness. In-depth semi-structured interviews, lasting an average of 53 min, were conducted in the Czech Republic. Twenty-four women, averaging 38.8 years old with an average of 6.2 years of infertility experience, participated. They were asked how involuntary childlessness affected/changed their partnerships, sexual life, job, future plans, attitude to children/values/faith, and leisure time. Participants shared both positive and negative aspects of the infertility experience. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Five main themes of PTG were identified: strengthening of partnership, greater humility, deeper self-appreciation, reassessment of relationships, and changes in the philosophy of life. These findings could be useful to mental health providers to facilitate the PTG process in patients.

scholarly journals Modelling direct payments to agriculture in a CGE Framework – analysis of the Czech Republic

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 517-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Křístková ◽  
A. Habrychová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Complete Removal ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Direct Payments ◽  
Positive Effect

The paper deals with modelling of the direct payments subsidies to agriculture and their impact on the economy of the Czech Republic. With the use of the general equilibrium model, scenarios concerning an increase of subsidies reaching 100% of the national envelope and a complete removal of both SAPS and Top-Up payments are applied. The results show that if the full amount of subsidies is granted, the value added in agriculture and the connected sectors is stimulated, with a positive effect on the total GDP. However, if the direct payments are completely removed, negative effects on employment can be expected, suggesting that the direct payments play a positive role in the economy. The paper further points out that the effects of direct payments on the incomes of farmer households are limited, suggesting that the farmers’ living standard should be supported by other policy instruments than the direct payments

scholarly journals Do Sociodemographic Characteristics in Waste Management Matter? Case Study of Recyclable Generation in the Czech Republic

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 2030 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristyna Rybova
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Situational Factors ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
Spatial Effects ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
The Czech Republic

The generation of recyclables in the Czech Republic has long been under the European average, but the proportion from municipal waste as a whole has been growing over the past few years. Previous research in the Czech Republic mainly focused on organizational or situational factors explaining recycling performance in municipalities. This study focuses on individual characteristics that are connected, among other things, to ongoing demographic changes. Currently ongoing sociodemographic development in the Czech Republic, as well as other developed countries, influence a broad range of aspects of social life, including waste generation and its structure. This paper aims at quantifying the relation between the sociodemographic characteristics of municipality inhabitants and recyclable generation. For this purpose, 13 variables describing inhabitants, households, and housing in 4897 Czech municipalities were selected that could influence the generation of recyclables according to foreign studies. Data were analyzed using multidimensional linear regression. Even though the resulting model only explains 9%, it is statistically significant and implies that sociodemographic variables can help explain recyclable generation. From this point of view, important variables are average household size, share of tertiary educated people, share of family houses, purchasing power per person, percentage of people employed in agriculture, and sex ratio. To increase the explained variability and emphasize local differences in recyclable generation, we also used geographically weighted regression (GWR). GWR results show that, to understand waste generation (at least in the Czech Republic) on a municipal level, it is necessary to also consider spatial effects and regional specifics.

scholarly journals Czeska oral history w perspektywie globalnej. Podobieństwa i różnice

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 161-173
Author(s):  
Miroslav Vaněk
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Oral History ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Historical Interpretation ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
Communist Countries ◽  
First Time

The article aims to highlight the specific route of Czech oral history in comparison with developed countries, where oral history has been an age-old tradition. Czech oral history, same as oral history in other so called post-communist countries, did not experience that with oral history in 1960s and 1970s, oral history was totally unknown in the then Czechoslovakia (as well as in other countries of the so called socialist block). In the Czech Republic, oral history was used in the mid-1990s for the first time; but it took much more time before it stopped being ignored and criticized. Boom of oral history started in the end of 1990s, same like in South America or South Africa, and of course at the post-communist countries. An increased interest in oral history, however, also brings along some problems and risks related with this new trend. I will examine some cases of journalistic work which passes itself off as oral history and which is often ideologically motivated. Mastering the method and a good knowledge of the historical context are, in my opinion, essential requirements for a valid historical interpretation, and lack of these can be crucial.

scholarly journals Typology and Audience Engagement of University Galleries

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-134
Author(s):  
Eva Gartnerová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Public Engagement ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Research Paper ◽  
Cultural Environment ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Audience Engagement ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Doctoral Thesis ◽  
The Subject

The main objective of this study is to analyse the environment and the processes of university galleries and their exhibition spaces, primarily on the territory of the Czech Republic and Slovakia. The historical development of university galleries and their role in society are briefly introduced. An important part of this research paper deals with the definition and typology of university galleries, followed by an analysis of their role and a discussion on the aspect of audience and public engagement. The study draws on research conducted by the author in the years 2016–2020 predominantly in the Czech Republic and Slovakia, described in detail in her doctoral thesis. The methodology of the research is mainly based on semi-structured interviews and study visits of the various institutions in question. The research paper brings forth the subject of university galleries and their role in the advancement of the academic cultural environment.

scholarly journals Key Enabling Technologies v ČR – internacionalizace výzkumu a průmyslového vlastnictví / Key Enabling Technologies in the Czech Republic – the internationalization of research and of industrial property rights

Ergo ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 3-12
Author(s):  
Zdeněk Kučera ◽  
Tomáš Vondrák
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The Other ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Industrial Property ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Enabling Technologies ◽  
Patent Applications ◽  
Key Enabling Technologies

This article aims to examine the character of the international relationships of the Czech Republic in R&D in the Key Enabling Technologies (KETs), and in the protection of international industrial property rights. The analysis of the publication activities indicates an increase of the internationalization of the Czech R&D in nanotechnology and to a lesser extent in advanced manufacturing technologies both in an absolute volume and relatively to the overall internalization of the whole Czech R&D system. The R&D related to KETs uses the foreign expertise less than is the overall extent of the R&D international collaboration of the Czech Republic. The traditional Czech R&D partners USA, UK, and Germany dominate in the KETs oriented collaborations. The collaboration in photonics and micro- and nanoelectronic with Japan, in nanotechnology with Malaysia and in advanced materials with Singapore is significantly higher than the overall collaboration with these countries. On the other side it is rather disquieting, that countries with advanced R&D like Austria, Switzerland, the Netherlands and Sweden are underrepresented in the KETs oriented Czech collaborative research. The patent analysis indicates that almost a half of the inventions in which the Czech researchers participated, is co-owned by foreign subjects. This probably relates to a significant number of global corporations or subsidiaries with R&D operating in the Czech Republic. In micro- and nanolelectronics and to a significant extent in photonics more than half of patent applications are co-owned by foreign entities. Most of the patent applications originating from Czech inventors are owned by US subjects. On the other hand the fraction of patent applications which have foreign inventors and are co-owned by Czech subjects is significantly lower in comparison with developed countries.

scholarly journals Implementation of the CSR principles in the Czech football environment

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-49
Author(s):  
Vilém Kunz
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Secondary Data Analysis ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The Czech Republic

The goal of this article is especially to provide information about the current situation as it pertains to the application of CSR principles within the Czech football environment, both on the part of the executive bodies in Czech football (the Football Association of the Czech Republic – FACR and the League Football Association – LFA) and all the clubs participating in the top football competition in the Czech Republic. This article combines the conclusions from secondary data analysis, content analysis of websites (top managing bodies of Czech football and all participating clubs of the highest Czech football league) and the author’s own empirical investigation based on a series of semi-structured interviews.

scholarly journals CONTEXT OF MIGRATION AND RECOGNITION OF EDUCATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-164
Author(s):  
Dagmar Kostrhunova
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
Further Education ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
Human Movements ◽  
Main Determinants ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Foreign Education

This contribution defines the conflicts that international migration brings in connection with the increased number of applicants for recognition of foreign education in the Czech republic. The migration of people has been increasingly observed since the so-called Arab Spring 2011 until now. Globalization or connecting the whole world is a current trend that people are learning to accept. Each country receiving migrants determines its own strategy, rules, and approach to migration. „It is estimated that today about 150 million people live outside their homeland“ (Siskova, 2001: 18). With the increased migration and globalization, there has been an increased number of applicants in the Czech Republic for the recognition of education, serving mainly for further higher education. At the same time, for gaining job opportunities, for using foreign experience and, last but not least, for finding better living conditions. „The main determinants of human movements can be considered differences in the wealth of individual economies, living standards and stability in given societies“ (Siskova, 2001: 19). The aim of the contribution is to get acquainted with the basic concepts of migration and migration policy in connection with the recognition of education in the Czech Republic from foreign countries and whether increased migration of persons related to the recognition of foreign education and the acquisition of further education of foreigners in the Czech Republic.

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