scholarly journals The Learning Health System in Crisis: Lessons from the Novel Coronavirus Disease Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Romanelli ◽  
Kristen M.J. Azar ◽  
Sylvia Sudat ◽  
Dorothy Hung ◽  
Dominick L. Frosch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Learning Health System ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

scholarly journals The use of lung ultrasound during the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (SP1) ◽  
pp. e64-e75
Author(s):  
Aly Youssef ◽  
Marta Cavalera ◽  
Carlotta Azzarone ◽  
Carla Serra ◽  
Elena Brunelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Pulmonary Infection ◽  
Lung Ultrasound ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Rapid Learning ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a challenge to every health system. Unfortunately, it is unlikely that this pandemic will disappear soon. No health system, with its present resources and workflow, is capable enough to deal with a full-blown wave of this pandemic. Acquisition of specific new skills may be fundamental in delivering appropriate health care for our patients. The gold standard for diagnosis of the COVID-19 infection is real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Radiological investigations (chest X-ray or high-resolution computerized tomography [CT]) can be helpful both for diagnosis and management, but they have many limitations. Ultrasound has been suggested as a reliable and accurate tool for assessing the lungs in COVID-19 patients. Lung ultrasound (LUS) can show specific signs of inter-stitial pneumonia, which is characteristic of COVID-19 pulmonary infection. In addition, nonradiologist specialists with experience in ultrasound can be trained on LUS with a relatively rapid learning curve. In pregnancy, LUS can be particularly useful due to the avoidance of exposure to ionizing radiation. In this review, we present the advantages, techniques, and limitations of the use of LUS during the COVID-19 pandemic, with specific focus on pregnancy.

scholarly journals Sharing experience from Chinese General Practitioners to International colleagues on how to tackle COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanzhu Zhu ◽  
Donald Li
Keyword(s):  
Family Medicine ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Health System ◽  
General Practitioners ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Hubei Province ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The Family ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

China was the first country where the novel coronavirus appeared. General Practitioners (GPs) in China are at the forefront of tackling the spread of the virus. While the health sector in China has been under scrutiny globally, many articles have been disseminated within the country about the response. GPs in China are keen to share their experiences with GP colleagues, as other countries go through similar experiences. The hope is that by sharing our experiences, our international colleagues can benefit from what worked well and what went less well. Coronavirus started spreading from Wuhan in Hubei Province in late 2019. As in many parts of China, Wuhan is a hospital-oriented health service, as the family medicine system is not yet fully implemented. The surge of patients to hospitals quickly overwhelmed the health system in Wuhan and surrounding towns and cities, as patients sought testing and treatment, and in the process helped to spread the virus more quickly. The experience has put the spotlight on the ineffectiveness of hospitals as the first port of call for this and other types of virus.

scholarly journals Book Review: ‘Till We Win - India’s fight against the COVID-19 Pandemic’

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 755-756
Author(s):  
Rakesh Kakkar ◽  
Pradeep Aggarwal
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Health Systems ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Health Systems Strengthening ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Pandemic Response ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

‘Till We Win’ is a book which provides a comprehensive overview of India’s journey. It deliberates how India, as a nation, fought and continue to fight against the novel coronavirus, SARS CoV-2. It documents and analyses the COVID-19 pandemic responses and provides lessons for health systems strengthening. The book has four section and eleven chapters. The first section focuses upon why viruses are likely to cause pandemic and how human activities are increasing the risks of outbreaks and epidemics. The next section deliberates on India’s pandemic response and how the policies had evolved with every new emerging condition. The authors argue that none of the country was fully prepared for the pandemic of the such a magnitude which eventually had disrupted even ‘so called’ better performing health system.

scholarly journals Estimative of real number of infections by COVID-19 on Brazil and possible scenarios

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Henrique Pinheiro Cintra ◽  
Felipe Fontinele Nunes
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Health System ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Future Scenarios ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Distrito Federal ◽  
Real Scenario ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Local Health System

This paper attempts to provide methods to estimate the real scenario of the novel coronavirus pandemic crisis on Brazil and the states of Distrito Federal, Sao Paulo, Pernambuco, Espirito Santo, Amazonas and Distrito Federal. By the use of a SEIRD mathematical model with age division, we predict the infection and death curve, stating the peak date for Brazil and these states. We also carry out a prediction for the ICU demand on these states for a visualization of the size of a possible collapse on the local health system. By the end, we establish some future scenarios including the stopping of social isolation and the introduction of vaccines and efficient medicine against the virus.

scholarly journals Time to Move from Vertical to Horizontal Approach in our COVID-19 Response in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 28-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olayinka Ilesanmi ◽  
Aanuoluwapo Afolabi
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Federal Government ◽  
National Health System ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Specific Measure ◽  
Fully Integrated ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
And Control

The novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) has adversely affected the already weak health system in Nigeria. The choice of whether to use vertical or integrated approach in solving health problems is determined by the peculiarity of the challenges. Vertical programs imply a variety of specific interventions that have not been fully integrated into the health system. The COVID-19 response in Nigeria still operates almost a vertical approach which is headed by the Federal Government through the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC). Vertical healthcare programs address health problems through the application of specific measure(s). However, vertical approach alone has proved insufficient in the containment and control of COVID-19. The health system with the integrated services option is required in the proper management of COVID-19. The development of strategies by policymakers is required in the integration of COVID-19 response into the national health system.

Jordan’s Public Health and Surveillance Health Policies: During and After COVID-19 (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raeda AlQutob ◽  
Musa Taha Ajlouni ◽  
Mohamed Majed Abu Farraj ◽  
Immanuel Azaad Moonesar
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health System ◽  
Health Financing ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Future Health ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

UNSTRUCTURED In contemporary times, the wave of the novel Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) classified by the World Health Organisation as global pandemic has unravelled systems and processes including health, economic and social. In the case of the Kingdom of Jordan, the COVID-19 crisis illustrated for the need and ability of the policy making institutions and ministries to take many effective policies, initiatives and procedures that were met with marked approval as the opinion polls conducted by government and private institutions showed. The success of these interventions during the crisis calls upon the country’s health system to take advantage of this experience in the next stage of recovery and resilience to develop, maintain its sustainability, as well as the improvement of a number of hubs to assist the Kingdom in facing the challenges resulting from any future health crisis such as epidemics or natural disasters. The viewpoint interventions that are the most paramount given the current situation as public health evidence must inform activities in seven priority health system areas to manage during and after the pandemic includes factors on: (1) governance and management; (2) service delivery and research; (3) human resources; (4) health information systems; (5) technology and medicine; (6) health financing; and (7) citizens, refugees and communities.

scholarly journals COVID-19 in Brazil—Preliminary Analysis of Response Supported by Artificial Intelligence in Municipalities

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugo M. P. Morales ◽  
Murilo Guedes ◽  
Jennifer S. Silva ◽  
Adriano Massuda
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Health System ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Source Of Care ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) forced rapid adaptations in the way healthcare is delivered and coordinated by health systems. Brazil has a universal public health system (Sistema Unico de Saúde—SUS), being the main source of care for 75% of the population. Therefore, a saturation of the system was foreseen with the continuous increase of cases. The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) to empower telehealth could help to tackle this by increasing a coordinated patient access to the health system. In the present study we describe a descriptive case report analyzing the use of Laura Digital Emergency Room—an AI-powered telehealth platform—in three different cities. It was computed around 130,000 interactions made by the chatbot and 24,162 patients completed the digital triage. Almost half (44.8%) of the patients were classified as having mild symptoms, 33.6% were classified as moderate and only 14.2% were classified as severe. The implementation of an AI-powered telehealth to increase accessibility while maintaining safety and leveraging value amid the unprecedent impact of the COVID-19 pandemic was feasible in Brazil and may reduce healthcare overload. New efforts to yield sustainability of affordable and scalable solutions are needed to truly leverage value in health care systems, particularly in the context of middle-low-income countries.

Comparative docking of SARS-CoV-2 receptors antagonists from repurposing drugs

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Micael Davi Lima de Oliveira ◽  
Kelson Mota Teixeira de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organisation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Lung Cells ◽  
The Novel ◽  
High Modulation ◽  
Main Protease ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Viral Receptors ◽  
Theoretical Results

According to the World Health Organisation, until 16 June, 2020, the number of confirmed and notified cases of COVID-19 has already exceeded 7.9 million with approximately 434 thousand deaths worldwide. This research aimed to find repurposing antagonists, that may inhibit the activity of the main protease (Mpro) of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, as well as partially modulate the ACE2 receptors largely found in lung cells, and reduce viral replication by inhibiting Nsp12 RNA polymerase. Docking molecular simulations were performed among a total of 60 structures, most of all, published in the literature against the novel coronavirus. The theoretical results indicated that, in comparative terms, paritaprevir, ivermectin, ledipasvir, and simeprevir, are among the most theoretical promising drugs in remission of symptoms from the disease. Furthermore, also corroborate indinavir to the high modulation in viral receptors. The second group of promising drugs includes remdesivir and azithromycin. The repurposing drugs HCQ and chloroquine were not effective in comparative terms to other drugs, as monotherapies, against SARS-CoV-2 infection.

SARS-COV2 virus and Coronavirus disease (COVID-19)

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 977-982
Author(s):  
Mohamed J. Saadh ◽  
Bashar Haj Rashid M ◽  
Roa’a Matar ◽  
Sajeda Riyad Aldibs ◽  
Hala Sbaih ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Close Contact ◽  
Antiviral Agents ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Fatal Disease ◽  
Mild Disease ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

SARS-COV2 virus causes Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and represents the causative agent of a potentially fatal disease that is of great global public health concern. The novel coronavirus (2019) was discovered in 2019 in Wuhan, the market of the wet animal, China with viral pneumonia cases and is life-threatening. Today, WHO announces COVID-19 outbreak as a pandemic. COVID-19 is likely to be zoonotic. It is transmitted from bats as intermediary animals to human. Also, the virus is transmitted from human to human who is in close contact with others. The computerized tomographic chest scan is usually abnormal even in those with no symptoms or mild disease. Treatment is nearly supportive; the role of antiviral agents is yet to be established. The SARS-COV2 virus spreads faster than its two ancestors, the SARS-CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), but has lower fatality. In this article, we aimed to summarize the transmission, symptoms, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, and vaccine to control the spread of this fatal disease.

Coronavirus: Towards controlling of the pandemic - Indian scenario

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 462-468
Author(s):  
Latika kothari ◽  
Sanskruti Wadatkar ◽  
Roshni Taori ◽  
Pavan Bajaj ◽  
Diksha Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Control Measures ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Medical Treatments ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
The Public ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
The Social ◽  
Asking Questions ◽  
The Government ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a communicable infection caused by the novel coronavirus resulting in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV). It was recognized to be a health crisis for the general population of international concern on 30th January 2020 and conceded as a pandemic on 11th March 2020. India is taking various measures to fight this invisible enemy by adopting different strategies and policies. To stop the COVID-19 from spreading, the Home Affairs Ministry and the health ministry, of India, has issued the nCoV 19 guidelines on travel. Screening for COVID-19 by asking questions about any symptoms, recent travel history, and exposure. India has been trying to get testing kits available. The government of India has enforced various laws like the social distancing, Janata curfew, strict lockdowns, screening door to door to control the spread of novel coronavirus. In this pandemic, innovative medical treatments are being explored, and a proper vaccine is being hunted to deal with the situation. Infection control measures are necessary to prevent the virus from further spreading and to help control the current situation. Thus, this review illustrates and explains the criteria provided by the government of India to the awareness of the public to prevent the spread of COVID-19.

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