Human breast milk enrichment in conjugated linoleic acid after consumption of a conjugated linoleic acid–rich food product: a pilot study

Leptin is a 16 kDa lipophilic protein hormone secreted by adipocytes and its most significant function is to inform the brain with negative feedback that regulates food intake. Recently the protein found in human breast milk was related to breast feeding and onset of obesity, and the evidence of a low probability to develop pediatric obesity in children fed with breast milk was also confirmed. Since leptin could have a critical role, its quantitation both in human breast, bovine milk and in infant formula products is interesting. For this reason, we developed an analytical method based on immunoaffinity purification followed by an analysis with nano-High Pressure Liquid Chromatography coupled with High Resolution Mass Spectrometry analyzer (nano-HPLC-HRMS) to identify and quantify leptin in milk samples and performed a pilot study using samples of human breast milk, bovine milk and infant formulas. With an obtained lower limit of quantitation (LLOQ) of 100 ng mL−1 we quantified leptin in human breast milk finding an average of 6.70 ng mL−1. Our results show that leptin was under LLOQ both in bovine milk and in infant formula products. In conclusion, the developed analytical method here described was suitable to quantify leptin in milk samples with a good sensitivity and selectivity, and without the use of radioactive reagents.

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Perfluorooctane sulphonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) in human breast milk: Results of a pilot study

International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health ◽

10.1016/j.ijheh.2007.07.024 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 211 (3-4) ◽

pp. 440-446 ◽

Cited By ~ 117

Author(s):

W. Völkel ◽

O. Genzel-Boroviczény ◽

H. Demmelmair ◽

C. Gebauer ◽

B. Koletzko ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pilot Study ◽

Breast Milk ◽

Perfluorooctanoic Acid ◽

Human Breast Milk ◽

Human Breast

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Production of Conjugated Linoleic and Conjugatedα-Linolenic Acid in a Reconstituted Skim Milk-Based Medium by Bifidobacterial Strains Isolated from Human Breast Milk

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2014/725406 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

María Antonia Villar-Tajadura ◽

Luis Miguel Rodríguez-Alcalá ◽

Virginia Martín ◽

Aránzazu Gómez de Segura ◽

Juan Miguel Rodríguez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Linoleic Acid ◽

Breast Milk ◽

Linolenic Acid ◽

Skim Milk ◽

Human Breast Milk ◽

Human Breast ◽

Bioactive Lipids ◽

Bifidobacterium Breve ◽

High Concentrations ◽

Fermented Dairy

Eight bifidobacterial strains isolated from human breast milk have been tested for their abilities to convert linoleic acid (LA) andα-linolenic acid (LNA) to conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and conjugatedα-linolenic acid (CLNA), respectively. These bioactive lipids display important properties that may contribute to the maintenance and improvement human health. Three selectedBifidobacterium brevestrains produced CLA from LA and CLNA from LNA in MRS (160–170 and 210–230 μg mL−1, resp.) and, also, in reconstituted skim milk (75–95 and 210–244 μg mL−1, resp.). These bifidobacterial strains were also able to simultaneously produce both CLA (90–105 μg mL−1) and CLNA (290–320 μg mL−1) in reconstituted skim milk. Globally, our findings suggest that these bifidobacterial strains are potential candidates for the design of new fermented dairy products naturally containing very high concentrations of these bioactive lipids. To our knowledge, this is the first study describing CLNA production and coproduction of CLA and CLNA byBifidobacterium brevestrains isolated from human milk in reconstituted skim milk.

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Association of sCD14 in human breast milk with child atopic dermatitis: Results of the Ulm Birth Cohort Study and the Ulm SPATZ Health Study

10.1055/s-0037-1605765 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

CA Logan ◽

J Weiss ◽

W Koenig ◽

V Walter ◽

H Brenner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Atopic Dermatitis ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Breast Milk ◽

Birth Cohort ◽

Health Study ◽

Birth Cohort Study ◽

Human Breast Milk ◽

Human Breast

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Molecular Properties of Egg Allergen in Human Breast Milk and Its Physiological Function

Nippon Shokuhin Kagaku Kogaku Kaishi ◽

10.3136/nskkk.61.450 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 61 (9) ◽

pp. 450-454

Author(s):

Hiroshi Narita

Keyword(s):

Breast Milk ◽

Physiological Function ◽

Molecular Properties ◽

Human Breast Milk ◽

Human Breast

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Organohalogen compounds in human breast milk from Republic of Buryatia, Russia

Environmental Pollution ◽

10.1016/j.envpol.2006.04.036 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 146 (1) ◽

pp. 225-232 ◽

Cited By ~ 85

Author(s):

Oyuna V. Tsydenova ◽

Agus Sudaryanto ◽

Natsuko Kajiwara ◽

Tatsuya Kunisue ◽

Valeriy B. Batoev ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Milk ◽

Human Breast Milk ◽

Human Breast ◽

Organohalogen Compounds

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Human breast milk suppresses the transcriptional regulation of IL-1β-induced NF-κB signaling in human intestinal cells

AJP Cell Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpcell.00471.2003 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 287 (5) ◽

pp. C1404-C1411 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

Ryoko Minekawa ◽

Takashi Takeda ◽

Masahiro Sakata ◽

Masami Hayashi ◽

Aki Isobe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Milk ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽

Ischemia Reperfusion ◽

Nuclear Factor Κb ◽

Protective Role ◽

Intestinal Cells ◽

Human Breast Milk ◽

Human Breast ◽

Activation Pathway

Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), which is a disease with a poor prognosis, is considered to be caused by the coincidence of intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury and systemic inflammation due to the colonization of pathogenic bacteria. Interleukin (IL)-8, a proinflammatory cytokine, plays an important role in the pathophysiology of NEC. It was recently reported that IL-1β activates the IL-8 gene by regulating the transcriptional nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling pathways in intestinal cells. The protective role of maternal milk in NEC pathogenesis has been reported in both human and animal studies. In this study, we show that human breast milk dramatically suppressed the IL-1β-induced activation of the IL-8 gene promoter by inhibiting the activation pathway of NF-κB. Moreover, we also show that human breast milk induced the production of IκBα. These results suggest that human breast milk could be protective and therapeutic in neonates with NEC by inhibiting the activation pathway of NF-κB.

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Comparison of Vitamin D and 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations in Human Breast Milk between 1989 and 2016–2017

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13020573 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 573

Author(s):

Naoko Tsugawa ◽

Mayu Nishino ◽

Akiko Kuwabara ◽

Honami Ogasawara ◽

Maya Kamao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Breast Milk ◽

Sun Exposure ◽

Stepwise Multiple Regression ◽

Human Breast Milk ◽

Vitamin D Status ◽

Human Breast ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Lactating Mothers ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D

Background: Breast milk is considered the optimal source of nutrition during infancy. Although the vitamin D concentration in human breast milk is generally considered poor for infants, vitamin D in breast milk is an important source for exclusively breastfed infants. Increases in vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency in lactating mothers may reduce vitamin D concentrations in breast milk. This study aimed to compare vitamin D and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) concentrations in breast milk collected in 1989 and 2016–2017 and simultaneously analyze them with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS); the association between the lifestyle of recent lactating mothers (2016–2017) and vitamin D status in human breast milk was also evaluated. Method: Lactating mothers were recruited from three regions of Japan in 1989 (n = 72) and 2016–2017 (n = 90), and milk from 3–4 months was collected in summer and winter. The samples were strictly sealed and stored at −80℃ until measurement. Breast milk vitamin D and 25OHD concentrations were analyzed by LC-MS/MS. Vitamin D intake, sun exposure, and sunscreen use of the lactating mothers in 2016–2017 were assessed. Results: Both vitamin D and 25OHD concentrations in breast milk were higher in the summer regardless of the survey year. Significantly lower vitamin D and 25OHD concentrations were observed in 2016–2017 compared with 1989 in summer, but no survey year difference was observed in winter. The stepwise multiple regression analyses identified season, daily outdoor activity, and suntan in the last 12 months as independent factors associated with vitamin D3 concentrations. Conclusion: The results suggest that low vitamin D status in recent lactating mothers may have decreased vitamin D and 25OHD concentrations in breast milk compared with the 1980s. These results are helpful for developing public health strategies to improve vitamin D status in lactating mothers and infants.

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