Obesity alone or with type 2 diabetes is associated with tissue specific alterations in DNA methylation and gene expression of PGC-1α and IGF2 gene in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 19-20
Author(s):  
M. Chen ◽  
A. Macpherson ◽  
J. Owens ◽  
G. Wittert ◽  
L. Heilbronn
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Tissue Specific ◽  
Igf2 Gene

scholarly journals Analysis of gene expression profiles in insulin-sensitive tissues from pre-diabetic and diabetic Zucker diabetic fatty rats

2005 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Ho Suh ◽  
Younyoung Kim ◽  
Jeong Hyun Bang ◽  
Kyoung Suk Choi ◽  
June Woo Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Zucker Diabetic Fatty Rats ◽  
Zdf Rats

Insulin resistance occurs early in the disease process, preceding the development of type 2 diabetes. Therefore, the identification of molecules that contribute to insulin resistance and leading up to type 2 diabetes is important to elucidate the molecular pathogenesis of the disease. To this end, we characterized gene expression profiles from insulin-sensitive tissues, including adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, and liver tissue of Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats, a well characterized type 2 diabetes animal model. Gene expression profiles from ZDF rats at 6 weeks (pre-diabetes), 12 weeks (diabetes), and 20 weeks (late-stage diabetes) were compared with age- and sex-matched Zucker lean control (ZLC) rats using 5000 cDNA chips. Differentially regulated genes demonstrating > 1.3-fold change at age were identified and categorized through hierarchical clustering analysis. Our results showed that while expression of lipolytic genes was elevated in adipose tissue of diabetic ZDF rats at 12 weeks of age, expression of lipogenic genes was decreased in liver but increased in skeletal muscle of 12 week old diabetic ZDF rats. These results suggest that impairment of hepatic lipogenesis accompanied with the reduced lipogenesis of adipose tissue may contribute to development of diabetes in ZDF rats by increasing lipogenesis in skeletal muscle. Moreover, expression of antioxidant defense genes was decreased in the liver of 12-week old diabetic ZDF rats as well as in the adipose tissue of ZDF rats both at 6 and 12 weeks of age. Cytochrome P450 (CYP) genes were also significantly reduced in 12 week old diabetic liver of ZDF rats. Genes involved in glucose utilization were downregulated in skeletal muscle of diabetic ZDF rats, and the hepatic gluconeogenic gene was upregulated in diabetic ZDF rats. Genes commonly expressed in all three tissue types were also observed. These profilings might provide better fundamental understanding of insulin resistance and development of type 2 diabetes.

scholarly journals The chemerin production changes in obese patients with different carbohydrate metabolism state

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 582-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Vasilenko ◽  
E.V. Kirienkova ◽  
D.A. Skuratovskaya ◽  
P.A. Zatolokin ◽  
N.I. Mironyuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Tissue Specific

Chemerin is a mediator of adipose tissue involved in the regulation of many processes, including lipogenesis, and inflammatory response. The role of chemerin in the development of insulin resistance has been insufficiently studied and needs detailed understanding. The aim of the study was to investigate chemerin production in obese patients with different states of carbohydrate metabolism. The study included 155 patients with a diagnosis of obesity; 34 patients with overweight. The control group 1 consisted of 43 conditionally healthy donors who did not have obesity. For comparison of the results of a study to determine the levels of tissue-specific mRNA expression of the genes IL-6, TNF-a, RARRES2, (encoding IL-6, TNF-a and chemerin) in adipose tissue introduced a control group 2 – 30 patients without obesity. Study on the relative level of mRNA expression of the genes IL-6, TNF-a and RARRES2 (encoding IL-6, TNF-a and chemerin) was carried out using real time PCR. Concentrations of IL-6, TNF-a, and chemerin were measured in serum/plasma using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We found significant differences in the plasma level of chemerin and tissue-specific features of RARRES2 gene expression in obese patients, depending on the degree of obesity and the state of carbohydrate metabolism. Multidirectional associations of RARRES2 gene expression with TNF-a and IL-6 genes in adipose tissues of different localization are shown: in obese patients (BMI £40 kg/m2) without type 2 diabetes – negative, and type 2 diabetes – positive. Identified relationship chemerin plasma content and the expression level of its gene in biopsies with various parameters of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, proinflammatory molecules indicate chemerin involved in metabolic and immune processes in obesity.

scholarly journals Discordant gene expression in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue of patients with type 2 diabetes: effect of interleukin-6 infusion

Diabetologia ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 1000-1007 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. Carey ◽  
E. Wolsk Petersen ◽  
C. R. Bruce ◽  
R. J. Southgate ◽  
H. Pilegaard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Interleukin 6

scholarly journals Regulation by Insulin of Gene Expression in Human Skeletal Muscle and Adipose Tissue: Evidence for Specific Defects in Type 2 Diabetes

Diabetes ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 1134-1142 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.-H. Ducluzeau ◽  
N. Perretti ◽  
M. Laville ◽  
F. Andreelli ◽  
N. Vega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle

scholarly journals The Expression Level of mRNA, Protein, and DNA Methylation Status of FOSL2 of Uyghur in XinJiang in Type 2 Diabetes

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Li ◽  
Siyuan Li ◽  
Ying Hu ◽  
Guolei Cao ◽  
Siyao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Methylation Status ◽  
Methylation Data ◽  
Biochemical Indicators ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Cpg Sites

Objective. We investigated the expression levels of both FOSL2 mRNA and protein as well as evaluating DNA methylation in the blood of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) Uyghur patients from Xinjiang. This study also evaluated whether FOSL2 gene expression had demonstrated any associations with clinical and biochemical indicators of T2DM. Methods. One hundred Uyghur subjects where divided into two groups, T2DM and nonimpaired glucose tolerance (NGT) groups. DNA methylation of FOSL2 was also analyzed by MassARRAY Spectrometry and methylation data of individual units were generated by the EpiTyper v1.0.5 software. The expression levels of FOS-like antigen 2 (FOSL2) and the protein expression levels were analyzed. Results. Significant differences were observed in mRNA and protein levels when compared with the NGT group, while methylation rates of eight CpG units within the FOSL2 gene were higher in the T2DM group. Methylation of CpG sites was found to inversely correlate with expression of other markers. Conclusions. Results show that a correlation between mRNA, protein, and DNA methylation of FOSL2 gene exists among T2DM patients from Uyghur. FOSL2 protein and mRNA were downregulated and the DNA became hypermethylated, all of which may be involved in T2DM pathogenesis in this population.

scholarly journals MECHANISMS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY: Skeletal muscle lipotoxicity in insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes: a causal mechanism or an innocent bystander?

2017 ◽  
Vol 176 (2) ◽  
pp. R67-R78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Brøns ◽  
Louise Groth Grunnet
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cellular Localization ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Causal Mechanism ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Adipose Tissue Expandability

Dysfunctional adipose tissue is associated with an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D). One characteristic of a dysfunctional adipose tissue is the reduced expandability of the subcutaneous adipose tissue leading to ectopic storage of fat in organs and/or tissues involved in the pathogenesis of T2D that can cause lipotoxicity. Accumulation of lipids in the skeletal muscle is associated with insulin resistance, but the majority of previous studies do not prove any causality. Most studies agree that it is not the intramuscular lipids per se that causes insulin resistance, but rather lipid intermediates such as diacylglycerols, fatty acyl-CoAs and ceramides and that it is the localization, composition and turnover of these intermediates that play an important role in the development of insulin resistance and T2D. Adipose tissue is a more active tissue than previously thought, and future research should thus aim at examining the exact role of lipid composition, cellular localization and the dynamics of lipid turnover on the development of insulin resistance. In addition, ectopic storage of fat has differential impact on various organs in different phenotypes at risk of developing T2D; thus, understanding how adipogenesis is regulated, the interference with metabolic outcomes and what determines the capacity of adipose tissue expandability in distinct population groups is necessary. This study is a review of the current literature on the adipose tissue expandability hypothesis and how the following ectopic lipid accumulation as a consequence of a limited adipose tissue expandability may be associated with insulin resistance in muscle and liver.

scholarly journals Altered intragenic DNA methylation of HOOK2 gene in adipose tissue from individuals with obesity and type 2 diabetes

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. e0189153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Rodríguez-Rodero ◽  
Edelmiro Menéndez-Torre ◽  
Gustavo Fernández-Bayón ◽  
Paula Morales-Sánchez ◽  
Lourdes Sanz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Adipose Tissue
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