The role of point-of-care tests in rapid evaluation of clinically significant rivaroxaban levels

Pathology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. S107-S108
Author(s):  
Hun Chuah ◽  
Emily Scott ◽  
Tracy Dixon ◽  
Michael Phillips ◽  
Jessica Ling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Point Of Care ◽  
Rapid Evaluation ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Point Of Care Tests

scholarly journals Is There a Role of Using a Rapid Finger Prick Antibody Test in Screening for Celiac Disease in Children?

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Baraba Dekanić ◽  
Ivona Butorac Ahel ◽  
Lucija Ružman ◽  
Jasmina Dolinšek ◽  
Jernej Dolinšek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Tissue Transglutaminase ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
First Grade ◽  
Iga Deficiency ◽  
Iga Antibodies ◽  
Point Of Care Tests

Introduction. Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disease triggered by gluten in genetically predisposed individuals. Despite the increasing prevalence of CD, many patients remain undiagnosed. Standard serology tests are expensive and invasive, so several point-of-care tests (POC) for CD have been developed. We aimed to determine the prevalence of CD in first-grade pupils in Primorje-Gorski Kotar County, Croatia, using a POC test. Methods. A Biocard celiac test that detects IgA antibodies to tissue transglutaminase in whole blood was used to screen for celiac disease in healthy first-grade children born in 2011 and 2012 who consumed gluten without restrictions. Results. 1478 children were tested, and none of them were tested positive with a rapid test. In 10 children (0,6%), IgA deficiency has been suspected; only 4 of them agreed to be tested further for total IgA, anti-tTG, and anti-DGP antibodies. IgA deficiency was confirmed in 3 patients, and in all 4 children, CD has been excluded. Conclusion. Our results have not confirmed the usefulness of the POC test in screening the general population of first-grade schoolchildren. Further research is needed to establish the true epidemiology of CD in Primorje-Gorski Kotar County and to confirm the value of the rapid test in comparison with standard antibody CD testing.

scholarly journals Point-of-Care Tests for Bladder Cancer: The Influencing Role of Hematuria

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joerg Hennenlotter ◽  
Severine Huber ◽  
Tilman Todenhöfer ◽  
Ursula Kuehs ◽  
David Schilling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Diagnostic Yield ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
False Positives ◽  
Two Systems ◽  
Reliable Interpretation ◽  
Point Of Care Tests ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. Several point-of-care tests (POCT) are available for the diagnosis of bladder cancer (BC). We evaluate the impact of HU (hematuria) on performance of POCTs.Materials and Methods. Urine from 10 donors was diluted with blood from 0.5 to 0.00625%. BladderCheckR, BTAstatR, BCMR, and BTARtests were applied. Tests were additionally conducted in 54 patients with HU. HU was stratified according to the amount of erythrocytes (RBC)/μL using two systems: (1) no HU; mild microscopic HU; severe microscopic HU; gross HU; (2) I <25 RBCs; <250 II; ≥250 III. Results were compared to HU status and histopathology.Results. Gross HU became evident between 2090 RBCs/μL and 1065/μL. Addition of blood led to default tests in all 4: BladderCheckR0.25%; BCM 0.025%, BioNexia 0.00625%, and BTAstat <0.00625%. Rates of false positives for BladderCheck, BTAstat, BCM, and BioNexia were 5.9, 11.8, 0, and 1.8% without HU and 0, 66.7, 44.4, and 66.7% with HU. BTAstat, BCM, and BioNexia were independently influenced by HU (P<0.0002).Conclusions. NMP22-BladderCheck was most resistant to blood. The diagnostic yield of all others was significantly influenced by HU. A well-defined HU grading helps to define limits of HU for a reliable interpretation of BC-POCTs.

scholarly journals Massive Hemorrhage: The Role of Whole Blood Viscoelastic Assays

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (04) ◽  
pp. 515-523
Author(s):  
Emmanuelle Scala ◽  
Carlo Marcucci
Keyword(s):  
Whole Blood ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Turnaround Time ◽  
Massive Hemorrhage ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Treatment Algorithms ◽  
Rotational Thromboelastometry ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Point Of Care Tests

AbstractViscoelastic whole blood tests are increasingly used to guide hemostatic therapy in bleeding patients in the perioperative, trauma, and obstetric settings. Compared with standard laboratory tests of hemostasis, they have a shorter turnaround time and provide simultaneous information on various aspects of clot formation and lysis. The two available brands TEG (thromboelastography) and ROTEM (rotational thromboelastometry) provide devices that are either manually operated or fully automated. The automation allows for the assays to be used as point-of-care tests increasing their usefulness in massively bleeding patients with rapidly changing hemostatic profiles. While the number of research papers on the subject and the number of published treatment algorithms increase rapidly, the influence of the use of these devices on patient outcome needs yet to be established. In this article, we first review the technology of these devices and the parameters provided by the assays. Next, we present the problems encountered when choosing cut-off values that trigger intervention. Furthermore, we discuss the studies examining their influence on clinical outcomes, and finally, we briefly highlight some of the most important limitations and pitfalls inherent to these assays.

scholarly journals Point-of-care tests for bovine clinical mastitis: what do we have and what do we need?

2020 ◽  
Vol 87 (S1) ◽  
pp. 60-66
Author(s):  
Francisco B. Malcata ◽  
P. Theo Pepler ◽  
Emily L. O'Reilly ◽  
Nicola Brady ◽  
P. David Eckersall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Test Performance ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Antimicrobial Use ◽  
Culture Independent ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Point Of Care Tests ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Mastitis Control

AbstractMastitis, inflammation of the bovine mammary gland, is generally caused by intramammary infection with bacteria, and antimicrobials have long been a corner stone of mastitis control. As societal concern about antimicrobial use in animal agriculture grows, there is pressure to reduce antimicrobial use in dairy farming. Point-of-care tests for on-farm use are increasingly available as tools to support this. In this Research Reflection, we consider available culture-dependent and culture-independent tests in the context of ASSURED criteria for low-resource settings, including convenience criteria, scientific criteria and societal criteria that can be used to evaluate test performance. As tests become more sophisticated and sensitive, we may be generating more data than we need. Special attention is given to the relationship between test outcomes and treatment decisions, including issues of diagnostic refinement, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and detection of viable organisms. In addition, we explore the role of technology, big data and people in improved performance and uptake of point-of-care tests, recognising that societal barriers may limit uptake of available or future tests. Finally, we propose that the 3Rs of reduction, refinement and replacement, which have been used in an animal welfare context for many years, could be applied to antimicrobial use for mastitis control on dairy farms.

scholarly journals COVID-19 testing in English care homes and implications for staff and residents

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimo Micocci ◽  
Adam L Gordon ◽  
A Joy Allen ◽  
Timothy Hicks ◽  
Patrick Kierkegaard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Care Home ◽  
Care Homes ◽  
Framework Analysis ◽  
Current Testing ◽  
Test Management ◽  
Point Of Care Tests ◽  
Staff Resource

Abstract Introduction Care home residents are at high risk of dying from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Regular testing, producing rapid and reliable results is important in this population because infections spread quickly, and presentations are often atypical or asymptomatic. This study evaluated current testing pathways in care homes to explore the role of point-of-care tests (POCTs). Methods A total of 10 staff from eight care homes, purposively sampled to reflect care organisational attributes that influence outbreak severity, underwent a semi-structured remote videoconference interview. Transcripts were analysed using process mapping tools and framework analysis focussing on perceptions about, gaps within and needs arising from current pathways. Results Four main steps were identified in testing: infection prevention, preparatory steps, swabbing procedure and management of residents. Infection prevention was particularly challenging for mobile residents with cognitive impairment. Swabbing and preparatory steps were resource-intensive, requiring additional staff resource. Swabbing required flexibility and staff who were familiar to the resident. Frequent approaches to residents were needed to ensure they would participate at a suitable time. After-test management varied between sites. Several homes reported deviating from government guidance to take more cautious approaches, which they perceived to be more robust. Conclusion Swab-based testing is organisationally complex and resource-intensive in care homes. It needs to be flexible to meet the needs of residents and provide care homes with rapid information to support care decisions. POCT could help address gaps but the complexity of the setting means that each technology must be evaluated in context before widespread adoption in care homes.

Management of Bleeding in the Postoperative Cardiac Patient

2015 ◽  
pp. 873-889
Author(s):  
Nadia Hensley ◽  
Marc Sussman
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Testing ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Postoperative Bleeding ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Surgical Patient ◽  
Cardiac Surgical Patient ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Diagnostic Capabilities ◽  
Point Of Care Tests

Bleeding in the postoperative cardiac surgical patient can be multifactorial. This chapter examines the preoperative and intraoperative risk factors for having significant postoperative bleeding. It also discuss the advantages and disadvantages of standard laboratory testing as well as point-of-care tests, such as thromboelastography (TEG) and thromboelastometry (ROTEM), in their diagnostic capabilities. Finally, we conclude with different treatment strategies in this challenging patient population along with diagnostic criteria of clinically significant postoperative bleeding and when to return to the operating room for re-exploration.

Re-challenging antibiotic resistance with Daniel Berman

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Berman
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Healthcare Setting ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Drug Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Global Threat ◽  
The Right ◽  
Point Of Care Tests

How can we prevent the rise of resistance to antibiotics? In this video, Daniel Berman,  Nesta Challenges, discusses the global threat of AMR and how prizes like the Longitude Prize can foster the development of rapid diagnostic tests for bacterial infections, helping to contribute towards reducing the global threat of drug resistant bacteria. Daniel outlines how accelerating the development of rapid point-of-care tests will ensure that bacterial infections are treated with the most appropriate antibiotic, at the right time and in the right healthcare setting.

Alcohol Use Disorder

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Ponomarev
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Critical Discussion ◽  
Epigenetic Mechanisms ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Early Life Exposures ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Epigenetic Research

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is characterized by clinically significant impairments in health and social function. Epigenetic mechanisms of gene regulation may provide an attractive explanation for how early life exposures to alcohol contribute to the development of AUD and exert lifelong effects on the brain. This chapter provides a critical discussion of the role of epigenetic mechanisms in AUD etiology and the potential of epigenetic research to improve diagnosis, evaluate risks for alcohol-induced pathologies, and promote development of novel therapies for the prevention and treatment of AUD. Challenges of the current epigenetic approaches and future directions are also discussed.

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