Relationship between dietary habits and cognitive function among community-dwelling elderly adults

Normal aging results in alterations in the structure and function of the brain, causing impairment in cognitive function and dependency in performing activities of daily living. A multicomponent physical activity program has been recommended to maintain physical and cognitive function in elderly individuals. The present study aimed at measuring the effect of such an exercise program on the cognitive function and activities of daily living(ADL) function in community dwelling elderly individuals. 52 elderly adults living in the community and ambulating independently were selected purposively and underwent a 10-week multi-component exercise program which included aerobic exercise, strength training, balance exercises and functional training. The participants were assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Barthel Index(BI) at baseline and every two weeks up till 10 weeks. The data obtained was analysed usind descriptive statistics and t-test for finding the effect of the intervention program on the outcome measures. The results showed a significant difference in the pre- to post-intervention scores of both the outcome measures. A multicomponent exercise program was seen to be effective in improving the cognitive function and level of ADL activity in community dwelling elderly individuals. Such an exercise program should be recommended to all elderly adults in order to maintain their cognitive and overall functioning and to improve their productivity.

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Association between cardiorespiratory fitness, physical activity, and cognitive function in Japanese community-dwelling elderly adults

The Journal of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine ◽

10.7600/jpfsm.8.97 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 97-106

Author(s):

Yukari Kimuro ◽

Yujiro Kose ◽

Yoichi Hatamoto ◽

Masahiro Ikenaga ◽

Mamiko Ichikawa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Elderly Adults

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Assessment of Cognitive Function in Healthy Young Through Elderly Adults

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e626712010-001 ◽

2010 ◽

Author(s):

Steven L. Schandler ◽

John V. Flowers ◽

Gily Meir ◽

Rachel Ho ◽

Gina L. Cristiano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Function ◽

Elderly Adults

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Do Communication Patterns Affect the Association between Cognitive Impairment and Hearing Loss among Older Adults in Vietnam?

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18041603 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 1603

Author(s):

Tran Dai Tri Han ◽

Keiko Nakamura ◽

Kaoruko Seino ◽

Vo Nu Hong Duc ◽

Thang Van Vo

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Hearing Loss ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Vision Loss ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Ordinal Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Communication Devices ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

This study examined the prevalence of cognitive impairment among older adults in central Vietnam and the roles of communication (with or without communication devices) in the association between cognitive impairment and hearing loss. This cross-sectional study was performed on 725 randomly selected community-dwelling older adults aged ≥60 years from Thua Thien Hue province, Vietnam. Participants attended a face-to-face survey. Sociodemographic characteristics, social interaction with or without communication devices, health status and cognitive function using the Mini-Mental State Examination were reported. Ordinal logistic regression analysis was performed to quantify the association between hearing loss and cognitive function by frequency of communication with and without devices. Mild and severe cognitive impairment had prevalence rates of 23.6% and 19.3%, respectively. Cognitive impairment was more prevalent among older adults with hearing-loss, vision loss and difficulties with instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). The association between hearing loss and cognitive impairment was not significant when older adults had frequent communication with others using devices. This study presented the relatively high prevalence of cognitive impairment in community-dwelling older adults in Vietnam. Frequent communication using devices attenuated the association between hearing loss and cognitive impairment.

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Accelerated Epigenetic Age in Normal Cognitive Aging of Korean Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Biological Research For Nursing ◽

10.1177/1099800420983896 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 109980042098389

Author(s):

Jongmin Park ◽

Chang Won Won ◽

Leorey N. Saligan ◽

Youn-Jung Kim ◽

Yoonju Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Dna Methylation ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Cognitive Aging ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Test Results ◽

Cohen’S D ◽

Epigenetic Age ◽

Epigenetic Age Acceleration ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

Background: Epigenetic age acceleration has been studied as a promising biomarker of age-related conditions, including cognitive aging. This pilot study aims to explore potential cognitive aging-related biomarkers by investigating the relationship of epigenetic age acceleration and cognitive function and by examining the epigenetic age acceleration differences between successful cognitive aging (SCA) and normal cognitive aging (NCA) among Korean community-dwelling older adults (CDOAs). Methods: We used data and blood samples of Korean CDOAs from the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study. The participants were classified into two groups, SCA (above the 50th percentile in all domains of cognitive function) and NCA. The genome-wide DNA methylation profiling array using Illumina Infinium MethylationEPIC BeadChip was used to calculate the following: the DNA methylation age, universal epigenetic age acceleration, intrinsic epigenetic age acceleration (IEAA), and extrinsic epigenetic age acceleration (EEAA). We also used Pearson correlation analysis and independent t-tests to analyze the data. Results: Universal age acceleration correlated with the Frontal Assessment Battery test results ( r = −0.42, p = 0.025); the EEAA correlated with the Word List Recognition test results ( r = −0.41, p = 0.027). There was a significant difference between SCA and NCA groups in IEAA ( p = 0.041, Cohen’s d = 0.82) and EEAA ( p = 0.042, Cohen’s d = 0.78). Conclusions: Epigenetic age acceleration can be used as a biomarker for early detection of cognitive decline in Korean community-dwelling older adults. Large longitudinal studies are warranted.

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Widowhood Status and Cognitive Function in Community-Dwelling Older Adults from the Mexican Health and Aging Study (MHAS)

Journal of Population Ageing ◽

10.1007/s12062-020-09322-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mariana Barragán-García ◽

Ricardo Ramírez-Aldana ◽

Mariana López-Ortega ◽

Sergio Sánchez-García ◽

Carmen García-Peña

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Aging Study ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

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The Role of Daily Social Interactions in Detecting Mild Cognitive Impairment

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igaa057.2013 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 598-598

Author(s):

Ruixue Zhaoyang ◽

Stacey Scott ◽

Eric Cerino ◽

Martin Sliwinski

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Social Interactions ◽

Social Relationships ◽

Daily Basis ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Normal Cognitive Function ◽

Social Markers

Abstract Social relationships play an important role in cognitive health and aging. However, it is unclear how older adult’s cognitive function affects their everyday social interactions, especially for those with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). This study examined whether older adults with intact cognition vs. MCI differed in their daily social interactions. Community-dwelling older adults from the Einstein Aging Study (N=244, 70-91 yrs) reported their social interactions five times daily for 14 consecutive days using smartphones. Compared to those with normal cognitive function, older adults with MCI reported less frequent positive social interactions (p=0.012) and in-person social activities (p=0.006) on a daily basis. These two groups, however, did not show significant differences in their social relationships assessed by a conventional global questionnaire. The results support that, relative to global social relationships, daily social interactions are more sensitive, ecologically valid social markers that can facilitate the early detection of MCI.

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Association between childhood parental involvement and late‐life cognitive function: A population‐based cross‐sectional study among cognitively intact community‐dwelling older adults in Japan

Geriatrics and Gerontology International ◽

10.1111/ggi.14238 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ayako Morita ◽

Takeo Fujiwara

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Parental Involvement ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Cognitively Intact ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

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Effects of masticatory exercise on cognitive function in community-dwelling older adults

Technology and Health Care ◽

10.3233/thc-218013 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 29 ◽

pp. 125-131

Author(s):

Tae-Hoon Kim

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Cognitive Rehabilitation ◽

Digit Span ◽

Stroop Test ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Healthy Older Adults ◽

Digit Span Test ◽

Span Test ◽

Test Digit

BACKGROUND: Mastication improves cognitive function by activating cerebral cortical activity, and it is important to demonstrate the cognitive effects of masticatory training using a variety of different interventions. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of masticatory exercise on cognitive function in healthy older adults living in the community. METHODS: For six weeks, twelve participants performed a masticatory exercise using a NOSICK exerciser device, and thirteen subjects performed daily life without masticatory exercises. Trail Making Test, Digit Span Test, and Stroop test were used to measure the cognitive function. RESULTS: The participants in the experimental group showed significant improvements in TMT-A/B (p= 0.001 and 0.004), DST-forward (p= 0.001), and ST-word (p= 0.001). The effect sizes after the intervention were calculated as (1.2 and 0.8) for TMT-A/B, (0.8 and 0.2) for Digit Span Test forward/backward, and (0.6 and 0.2) for Stroop test color/word. CONCLUSIONS: We suggest that the masticatory exercises improve cognitive function in healthy older adults. Therefore, masticatory exercises can be used as a therapeutic exercise during cognitive rehabilitation.

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