Bioactive 2-arylbenzofurans derivatives from Sesbania cannabina

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 106-108
Author(s):  
Xin-Jian Fu ◽  
Ji-Ling Yi ◽  
Jing-Yu Yang ◽  
Xue-Qiao Lin ◽  
Wen-Hui Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sesbania Cannabina

Effect of herbicides on black pigweed and sesbania pea, and yields of five grain sorghum cultivars in central Queensland

1988 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 327
Author(s):  
SR Walker ◽  
WH Hazard ◽  
AF Mich ◽  
BA Silver
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
General Control ◽  
Sesbania Cannabina ◽  
Trianthema Portulacastrum ◽  
Delayed Flowering

Six experiments were conducted in central Queensland to compare the efficacy of some post-emergence herbicides and mixtures in controlling black pigweed (Trianthema portulacastrum) and sesbania pea (Sesbania cannabina). The herbicides tested were atrazine, 2,4-D, dicamba, picloram plus 2,4-D, and fluroxypyr and mixtures of atrazine with 2,4-D, dicamba, picloram plus 2,4-D, fluroxypyr or tridiphane. In addition, 4 experiments were conducted to assess the tolerance of 5 sorghum cultivars (Sorghum bicolor) to some of these individual herbicides and atrazine mixtures. Small black pigweed and sesbania pea (< 10 cm diameter) were controlled with atrazine at 1.0 kg a.i./ ha, while for larger black pigweed (up to 15 cm diameter) atrazine at 2.25 kg/ha and atrazine mixtures were effective and for sesbania pea (up to 12 cm high) atrazine at 2.25 kg/ha, picloram plus 2,4-D at 35 + 140 g a.i./ha, fluroxypyr at 0.3 kg a.i./ha and atrazine mixtures were effective. In general, control of both weeds by mixtures with atrazine at 1.0 kg/ha was as effective as atrazine at 2.25 kg/ha alone. In the tolerance experiments the treatments were applied at 18-20 days after planting when the number of sorghum leaves was 4-6. Spraying with 2,4-D, dicamba, MCPA, picloram plus 2,4-D and atrazine mixtures with 2,4-D, dicamba and picloram plus 2,4-D consistently caused injury symptoms, delayed flowering and sometimes reduced grain yield. However, the susceptibility of sorghum to these treatments varied with seasons and cultivars. Overall, yield reductions were less when 2,4-D, dicamba and MCPA were applied at lower rates in the atrazine mixtures than when applied alone. All sorghum cultivars were tolerant of atrazine at 4.5 kg/ha. For effective control of both weeds, for crop safety and for minimum atrazine residues after harvest, we recommend that the weeds black pigweed and sesbania pea be sprayed when less than 10 cm in diameter or height, respectively, with atrazine at 1.0 kg/ha.

Germination Biology of Sesbania (Sesbania cannabina): An Emerging Weed in the Australian Cotton Agro-environment

Weed Science ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadeem Iqbal ◽  
Sudheesh Manalil ◽  
Bhagirath S. Chauhan ◽  
Steve W. Adkins
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Burial Depth ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Physical Dormancy ◽  
Sesbania Cannabina ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact

AbstractSesbania [Sesbania cannabina(Retz.) Pers.] is a problematic emerging weed species in Australian cotton-farming systems. However, globally, no information is available regarding its seed germination biology, and better understanding will help in devising superior management strategies to prevent further infestations. Laboratory and glasshouse studies were conducted to evaluate the impact of various environmental factors such as light, temperature, salt, osmotic and pH stress, and burial depth on germination and emergence of two Australian biotypes ofS. cannabina. Freshly harvested seeds of both biotypes possessed physical dormancy. A boiling-water scarification treatment (100±2 C) of 5-min duration was the optimum treatment to overcome this dormancy. Once dormancy was broken, the Dalby biotype exhibited a greater germination (93%) compared with the St George biotype (87%). The nondormant seeds of both biotypes showed a neutral photoblastic response to light and dark conditions, with germination marginally improved (6%) under illumination. Maximum germination of both biotypes occurred under an alternating temperature regime of 30/20 and 35/25 C and under constant temperatures of 32 or 35 C, with no germination at 8 or 11 C. Seed germination of both biotypes decreased linearly from 87% to 14% with an increase in moisture stress from 0.0 to −0.8 MPa, with no germination possible at −1.0 MPa. There was a gradual decline in germination for both biotypes when imbibed in a range of salt solutions of 25 to 250 mM, with a 50% reduction in germination occurring at 150 mM. Both biotypes germinated well under a wide range of pH values (4.0 to 10.0), with maximum germination (94%) at pH 9.0. The greatest emergence rate of the Dalby (87%) and St George (78%) biotypes was recorded at a burial depth of 1.0 cm, with no emergence at 16.0 cm. Deep tillage seems to be the best management strategy to stopS. cannabina’s emergence and further infestation of cotton (Gossypium hirsutumL.) fields. The findings of this study will be helpful to cotton agronomists in devising effective, sustainable, and efficient integrated weed management strategies for the control ofS. cannabinain cotton cropping lands.

Nitrogen contributed by grain legumes to rice grown in rotation on the Cununurra soils of the Ord Irrigation Area, Western Australia

1987 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 155 ◽  
Author(s):  
AL Chapman ◽  
RJK Myers
Keyword(s):  
Green Manure ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Green Gram ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Sesbania Cannabina ◽  
Irrigation Area ◽  
Bare Fallow

The uptake of nitrogen (N) by dry season rice following wet season crops of soybean (for grain or green manure), green gram, Sesbania cannabina (a native legume), a cereal (sorghum or dryland rice for grain), or bare fallow, was studied for 3 cropping cycles over 4 years. The work was done on Cununurra clay (0.04% N) at Kimberley Research Station near Kununurra, W.A., in the Ord Irrigation Area. Stubbles were returned to the soil except in the first cycle when (excluding the green manure treatment) all tops were removed from the plots at maturity. There was a 12-month bare fallow period between the first and second cycles. Dry season rice was drill-sown with or without 100 kg ha-1 of N applied as urea at permanent flooding. Soybean, green gram and Sesbania crops accumulated 290-360, 80-130 and 110-180 kg N ha-1, respectively, in the tops at maturity. An average of about 40 kg N ha-1 was present in the stem bases and roots (0-20 cm depth). Estimates of nitrogen fixation based on 15N dilution measurements ranged from 65-72% of total plant N when the legumes were grown after 12 months fallow, to 93-95% when they were grown immediately following dry season rice. Fertiliser N at 25 kg ha-1 applied presowing ('starter' N) had no significant effect on legume N yield at maturity. N returned in leaves, stems and hulls averaged 30, 50 and 80 kg N ha-1 for green gram, soybean and Sesbania, respectively. Rice grain yields and N uptake at maturity were generally highest after Sesbania and lowest after a wet season cereal crop. Differences among treatments were small and related to the quantity of N returned in residues. On average, 11% of the N in the residues was recovered in the tops of the following rice crop. Rice yields increased over the 4-year period, but mean increases were similar for legume and non-legume treatments. The average apparent recovery of N applied as urea to dry season rice at permanent flooding was 76%. The inclusion of a soybean cash crop in the rotation offers the possibility of a marginal reduction in the need for N fertiliser.

scholarly journals Screening for Salt Tolerance in Eight Halophyte Species from Yellow River Delta at the Two Initial Growth Stages

ISRN Agronomy ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liu Xianzhao ◽  
Wang Chunzhi ◽  
Su Qing
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Yellow River Delta ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Suaeda Salsa ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Sesbania Cannabina ◽  
Tamarix Chinensis

Screening of available local halophytes for salinity tolerance is of considerable economic value for the utilization of heavy salt-affected lands in coastal tidal-flat areas and other saline areas. In this study, the germination and seedling pot experiments on salt tolerance of eight halophytic species from Yellow River Delta, China, at seven NaCl concentrations (0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, and 300 mM), were conducted at both growth stages. Results showed that germination rate and germination index decreased with an increase in NaCl concentration. The higher germination rates were obtained from Tamarix chinensis and Suaeda salsa seeds exposed to 0~200 mM NaCl. At the seedling stage, the salt tolerances of eight halophytes were also different from each other. Tamarix chinensis had significantly greater fresh biomass and plant height in relative terms than the others in all salt treatments. The order of the relative growth yield in seedling was Tamarix chinensis > Suaeda salsa > Salicornia europaea > Limonium bicolor > Atriplex isatidea > Apocynum venetum > Phragmites australis > Sesbania cannabina. The comprehensive analysis showed that Tamarix chinensis had the highest tolerance to salt, followed by Suaeda salsa, and the salt tolerance of Sesbania cannabina was the lowest.

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