Global patterns of fern species diversity: An evaluation of fern data in GBIF

The increase in the number of species with decreasing latitude is a striking pattern of global biodiversity. An important feature of studies of this pattern up to now has been the focus on species as the fundamental unit of interest, neglecting potential within-species ecological diversity. Here, we took a new perspective on this topic by measuring the degree to which individuals within populations differ in niche attributes across a latitudinal gradient (range: 54.01° S to 69.12° N). We show that 156 populations of 76 species across a wide range of vertebrate and invertebrate animal taxa contain more ecologically diverse assemblages of individuals towards lower latitudes. Our results add a new level of complexity to our understanding of global patterns of biodiversity and suggest the possibility that niche variation is partly responsible for the latitudinal gradients of species diversity.

Download Full-text

Temperature-dependent mutational robustness can explain faster molecular evolution at warm temperatures, affecting speciation rate and global patterns of species diversity

Ecography ◽

10.1111/ecog.01948 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 39 (11) ◽

pp. 1025-1033 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Mikael Puurtinen ◽

Merja Elo ◽

Matti Jalasvuori ◽

Aapo Kahilainen ◽

Tarmo Ketola ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Evolution ◽

Species Diversity ◽

Temperature Dependent ◽

Mutational Robustness ◽

Speciation Rate ◽

Global Patterns

Download Full-text

DIVERSITY OF FERNS (PTERIDOPHYTA) IN THE SEVERAL MOUNTAINS OF WEST JAVA

BIOLINK (Jurnal Biologi Lingkungan Industri Kesehatan) ◽

10.31289/biolink.v7i1.3319 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 71-80

Author(s):

Suryana Suryana ◽

Betty Mayawatie ◽

Joko Kusmoro ◽

Budi Irawan

Keyword(s):

Species Diversity ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Method Comparison ◽

Similarity Index ◽

Analysis Method ◽

West Java ◽

Fern Species ◽

Species Similarity

The diversity of ferns (Pteridophyta) in the five mountainous in West Java (Mt. of Patuha, Papandayan, Tangkuban Perahu, Pangrango, and Guntur) has not been widely reported. The aim of this research was to obtain data on diversity and similarity of fern species in the five mountains in West Java. This research was conducted by exploring and descriptive analysis method. Comparison of species diversity among all reseach field were calculated by the index of species similarity according to Sorenson. The diversity of ferns in Mt. Patuha, Papandayan, Tangkuban Perahu, Pangrango, and Guntur were 27, 14, 26, 40 and 5 species, respectively. The total number of ferns species in five locations are 83 species from 25 families. Comparison of species diversity among fileds based on the Sorenson similarity index is low (<50%), except between the Mt. Patuha and Mt. Papandayan areas is high (> 50%).

Download Full-text

Environmental heterogeneity and the spatial structure of fern species diversity in one hectare of old-growth forest

Ecography ◽

10.1034/j.1600-0587.2000.230209.x ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 231-245 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Monique Richard ◽

Torsten Bernhardt ◽

Graham Bell

Keyword(s):

Species Diversity ◽

Spatial Structure ◽

Environmental Heterogeneity ◽

Old Growth ◽

Old Growth Forest ◽

Fern Species

Download Full-text

Diversity and distribution of ferns in forest over limestone in Cebu Island Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs), Philippines

Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity ◽

10.13057/biodiv/d210148 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Edgardo Lillo ◽

ARCHIEBALD B. MALAKI ◽

STEVE MICHAEL T. ALCAZAR ◽

RAAMAH ROSALES ◽

BERNARDO R. REDOBLADO ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Species Diversity ◽

Species Composition ◽

Natural Resources ◽

New Records ◽

Transect Line ◽

Relative Value ◽

High Species Diversity ◽

Fern Species ◽

Very High ◽

Biodiversity Information

Abstract. Lillo EP, Malaki AB, Alcazar SMT, Rosales R, Redoblado BR, Pantinople E, Nuevo RU, Cutillar RC, Almirante A, Buot IE Jr. 2020. Diversity and distribution of ferns in forest over limestone in Cebu Island Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs), Philippines. Biodiversitas 21: 413-421. Three forest areas of Cebu Island, Philippines were recognized as Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs) by Department of Environment and Natural Resources [DENR], Philippines based on the criteria of vulnerability and irreplaceability, namely Nug-as of Alcoy, Palinpinon Range of Dalaguete, and Mt. Lantoy of Argao. The study aimed to assess the composition, diversity, and distribution of ferns in the aforementioned KBA's. Quadrat at 20 m x 20 m was established within the 2000 m transect line at an interval of 200 m. Result showed a total of 50 species, categorized into 15 families and 29 genera for 30 quadrats. Twelve species were considered as new records on Cebu. Thirteen species were recorded in both Mt. Lantoy and Nug-as forest KBA’s, but absent in Palinpinon range. While 6 species were recorded as unique to Nug-as forest. Nug-as forest and Mt. Lantoy showed a relative value of very high species diversity. Nug-as forest and Mt. Lantoy KBA forming into one cluster and Palinpinon range proved to have a distinct fern species composition, and form another cluster. Local government units (LGU) in every KBA need to recognize the necessity of biodiversity information in their localities that would facilitate information sharing and awareness, hence enhancing protection and conservation of unique biodiversity, since they are at the forefront of local action.

Download Full-text

The Most Abundant Ferns in Utilization Block of Sumber Agung Resort Bandar Lampung Taman Hutan Raya Wan Abdul Rachman Lampung

Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi dan Keanekaragaman Hayati ◽

10.23960/jbekh.v6i2.34 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 41-47

Author(s):

Zarkoni Zarkoni ◽

Yulianty Yulianty ◽

Bambang Irawan ◽

Suratman Suratman

Keyword(s):

Species Diversity ◽

Direct Observation ◽

Vascular Plants ◽

Dominant Species ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Research Area ◽

Tree Trunk ◽

Way Of Life ◽

Fern Species ◽

High Diversity

Taman Hutan Raya Wan Abdul Rachman (Tahura WAR) is a protected forest area and habitat for various types of plants and animals. Tahura WAR is an area that has a high diversity of ferns, ferns are quite heterogeneous plants both in terms of habitat and way of life, ferns are one group of vascular plants that have a fairly high number of species, live in nature, some are attached to tree trunk (epiphyte) or grow on the ground. This research was carried out in the utilization block of Sumber Agung, which focused on fern species diversity, diversity, dominant species, and descriptions of types of ferns. This research was carried out by direct observation based on the existence of all types of ferns that are considered to represent the place. Based on observations in general, ferns are composed of 37 species, 28 genera, and 14 families. The highest number of ferns is Polypodiaceae with 8 species. With the Shannon-Wienner (H') diversity index of H’= 2.9. Type N. acutifolia dominates this research area with an INP value of 25.8%.

Download Full-text

Niche conservatism and elevated diversification shape species diversity in drylands: evidence from Zygophyllaceae

Proceedings of The Royal Society B Biological Sciences ◽

10.1098/rspb.2018.1742 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 285 (1890) ◽

pp. 20181742 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Qinggang Wang ◽

Shengdan Wu ◽

Xiangyan Su ◽

Linjing Zhang ◽

Xiaoting Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Species Diversity ◽

Water Availability ◽

Woody Species ◽

Diversification Rate ◽

Niche Conservatism ◽

Evolutionary Mechanisms ◽

Diversification Rates ◽

Diversity Patterns ◽

Geographical Unit ◽

Global Patterns

The integrated contributions of climate and macroevolutionary processes to global patterns of species diversity are still controversial in spite of a long history of studies. The niche conservatism hypothesis and the net diversification rate hypothesis have gained wide attention in recent literature. Many studies have tested these two hypotheses for woody species in humid forests; however, the determinants of species diversity patterns for arid-adapted plants remain largely ignored. Here, using a molecular phylogeny and the global distributions of Zygophyllaceae, a typical arid-adapted plant family, we assessed the effects of contemporary climate and net diversification rates on species diversity patterns in drylands. We found the variables representing water availability to be the best predictors for Zygophyllaceae diversity. Specifically, Zygophyllaceae species diversity significantly decreased with the increase in water availability, probably owing to phylogenetic conservatism of water-related niches. The net diversification rates of Zygophyllaceae accelerated sharply in the recent 10 Myr, coinciding roughly with the period of global aridification. The species diversity of Zygophyllaceae significantly increased with the increase in mean net diversification rates per geographical unit, especially in the Old World, supporting the net diversification rate hypothesis. Our study provides a case exploring climatic and evolutionary mechanisms of dryland species diversity patterns, and suggests that the conservatism in water-related niches and elevated net diversification rates in drylands may have jointly determined the global patterns of dryland species diversity.

Download Full-text

Fern species diversity across various land use types of Mt. Makiling, Luzon Island, Philippines

Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity ◽

10.13057/biodiv/d200902 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (9) ◽

Author(s):

Ailene Antonio Alcala ◽

Marjorie D Delos Angeles ◽

Inocencio, Jr. E Buot

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Species Diversity ◽

Buffer Zone ◽

The Other ◽

Land Use Types ◽

Fern Species ◽

Living Organisms ◽

Herbarium Voucher ◽

Shed Light ◽

Conservation And Management

Abstract. Alcala AA, Delos Angeles MD, Buot Jr IE. 2019. Fern species diversity across various land use types of Mt. Makiling, Luzon Island, Philippines. Biodiversitas 20: 2437-2445. Mt. Makiling of Luzon Island, Philippines is home to many living organisms including ferns and fern allies which are one of the important understory vegetation in many forest communities and having various economic uses like food, medicine and ornamentation. This study identified fern species found in various land use types across the northeastern slope of Mt. Makiling, Los Baños, Philippines. The plot technique was employed using a 20x20 meter quadrat. Three (3) 5x2 subquadrats were randomly distributed within the established quadrat. Fern specimens were identified (sensu PPG, 2016) and measured. Samples were collected for herbarium voucher deposited in the PBDH. A total of 28 fern species with 22 genera from 14 families were found across land use types. Identified land use types were: i) Mahogany (341 m asl.); (ii) Agriculture (355 m asl.); (iii) Buffer zone (365 m asl.); (iv) Agroforest (368 m asl.); (v) Roadside (455 m asl.), and (vi) Forest (482 m asl.). The most represented fern families were found out to be Thelypteridaceae (5 spp), Dryopteridaceae (3 spp), Polypodiaceae (3 spp.), Pteridaceae (3 spp), Aspleniaceae (2 spp), Dennstaedtiaceae (2 spp), Selaginellaceae (2 spp.) and Tectariaceae (2 spp.). On the other hand the families Schizaeaceae, Lindsaeaceae, Davalliaceae, Nephrolepidaceae, and Marratiaceae are comprised of one species only. Pteris blumeana C. Agardh and Tectaria crenata Cav. were found only in buffer zone area. Dennstaedtia philippinensis Copel., Lygodium circinnatum (Burm. f.) Sw. and Microlepia sp., were found only in agroforest area; Sphaerostephanos unitus (L.) Holttum found only in agricultural; Bolbitis heteroclita (C. Presl) Ching and Microsorum membranifolium (R. Br.) Ching were found in roadside while Asplenium tenerum G. Forst. , Christella sp., Lindsaea fissa Copel. and Nephrolepis cordifolia (L.) C. Presl were found in forest area. Pneumatopteris nitidula (C. Presl) Holttum. is a dominant fern species found in agriculture and mahogany plantation area. There is a need to document fern species along with its population across land use types in order to utilize ferns as plant indicators due to their vulnerability to changes in environmental conditions. These results can shed light on the appropriate strategy for the conservation and management of ferns in Mt. Makiling.

Download Full-text

KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS TUMBUHAN PAKU-PAKUAN (PTERIDOPHYTA) PADA BERBAGAI UMUR LAHAN GAMBUT BEKAS KEBAKARAN DI DESA RASAU JAYA UMUM KABUPATEN KUBU RAYA

JURNAL HUTAN LESTARI ◽

10.26418/jhl.v7i2.33060 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Ella Kurniawati ◽

Dwi Astiani ◽

Iskandar A M

Keyword(s):

Species Diversity ◽

Purposive Sampling ◽

Plot Size ◽

Fern Species

The burning activity of peatlands in Kubu Raya Regency could kill various types of vegetation, one of which is ferns (Pteridophyta). Research on the species diversity of ferns needs to be execausted to obtain information or about the composition of the ferns species that present in peat ex-burn peat lands. This research was carried out at various ages sites (1, 2, 3 and 4 years) of ex-burn peat lands in Rasau Jaya Umum Village, Kubu Raya Regency. This study applyed survey metode with double plot technique, Plot laying using a purposive sampling methode, plot size was 5 x 5 m divided into 25 sub-plots of 1 x 1 m size.Three repetations were aplly made on each site. The results showed that on 1 year old ex-burn site were found 4 ferns species, paku ribu ribu (Lygodium microphyllum Cav.R.Br) paku cenceran (Neprolefis falcata Cap. C.Chr) paku lemiding (Stecchlanaena palustris Burm Bedd) and paku resam (Gleichenia linearis Burn Clarke) and 2,3,4, years old ex-burn peatland 3 species of ferns were found, namely paku cenceran (Neprolefis falcata Cap. C.Chr) paku lemiding (Stecchlanaena palustris Burm Bedd) and paku resam (Gleichenia linearis Burn Clarke). From the results of the study concluded that the diversity of species of ferns at various ages (1, 2, 3 and 4 years) of ex-burn peatlands in Rasau Jaya Umum Village, Kubu Raya Regency were not relatively similiar.Keywords: ex-burn peat land, fern, species diversity.

Download Full-text