Effects of benzothiadiazole on disease resistance and soluble sugar accumulation in grape berries and its possible cellular mechanisms involved

2015 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 51-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaituo Wang ◽  
Yunxia Liao ◽  
Shifeng Cao ◽  
Huatao Di ◽  
Yonghua Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Sugar Accumulation ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Grape Berries

scholarly journals Transcriptional modulation of AREB-1 by CRISPRa improves plant physiological performance under severe water deficit

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Paes de Melo ◽  
Isabela Tristan Lourenço-Tessutti ◽  
Joaquin Felipe Roca Paixão ◽  
Daniel David Noriega ◽  
Maria Cristina Mattar Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Physiological Adaptation ◽  
Sugar Accumulation ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Physiological Performance ◽  
Severe Water Deficit ◽  
Element Binding Protein

Abstract Plants are sessile organisms, which are vulnerable to environmental stresses. As such, plants have developed multiple molecular, physiological, and cellular mechanisms to cope with natural stressors. However, these environmental adversities, including drought, are sources of the main agribusiness problems since they interfere with plant growth and productivity. Particularly under water deprivation conditions, the abscisic acid-responsive element-binding protein AREB1/ABF2 plays an important role in drought stress response and physiological adaptation. In this investigation, we provide substantial confirmation for the role of AREB1/ABF2 in plant survival under severe water deficit using the CRISPR activation (CRISPRa) technique to enhance the AREB1 gene expression. In our strategy, the inactive nuclease dCas9 was fused with an Arabidopsis histone acetyltransferase 1, which improves gene expression by remodeling chromatin. The AREB1 overexpression promotes an improvement in the physiological performance of the transgenic homozygous plants under drought, which was associated with an increase in chlorophyll content, antioxidant enzyme activity, and soluble sugar accumulation, leading to lower reactive oxygen species accumulation. Finally, we found that the CRISPR-mediated up-regulation of AREB1 changes the abundance of several downstream ABA-inducible genes, allowing us to report that CRISPRa dCas9-HAT is a valuable biotechnological tool to improve drought stress tolerance through the positive regulation of AREB1.

scholarly journals Modifying Carbohydrate Supply to Fruit during Development Changes the Composition and Flavour of Actinidia chinensis var. chinensis ‘Zesy002’ Kiwifruit

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1328
Author(s):  
Danielle Le Lievre ◽  
Rachelle Anderson ◽  
Helen Boldingh ◽  
Janine Cooney ◽  
Richard Seelye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Consumer Acceptance ◽  
Sugar Accumulation ◽  
Actinidia Chinensis ◽  
Ripe Fruit ◽  
High Carbohydrate ◽  
Control Fruit ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Metabolite Accumulation

Consumer acceptance of fruit is determined by size, flavour and ripeness. In this study we investigated how altering the carbohydrate supply to Actinidia chinensis var. chinensis ‘Zesy002′ kiwifruit altered the balance between growth and accumulation of metabolites. Canes were phloem girdled and fruit thinned to a leaf-to-fruit ratio (L:F) of either 2 (Low carbohydrate) or 6 (High carbohydrate) at either 38 (Early) or 86 (Late) days after anthesis (DAA) and compared with ungirdled control canes with a L:F of 3. Fruit growth, metabolite accumulation, cytokinin concentrations and maturation were monitored and the sensory attributes of ripe fruit were assessed. The final weight of Early-High and Late-High carbohydrate fruit was 38% and 16% greater compared with control fruit. High carbohydrate fruit had increased starch,soluble sugar and cytokinin concentrations and fruit began to mature earlier and those with a Low carbohydrate had decreased concentrations and matured later compared with control fruit. Control fruit were described by consumers as more acidic and under-ripe compared with those from Early-High carbohydrate canes, but as sweeter than those from Low carbohydrate canes. This study showed that carbohydrate supply can have a major impact on the growth, sugar accumulation and maturity of ‘Zesy002′ fruit sinks.

scholarly journals Studies on the Sugar Accumulation and Carbohydrate Splitting Enzyme Levels in Post Harvested and Cold Stored Potatoes

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 95-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Rezaul Karim ◽  
MMH Khan ◽  
Md Salim Uddin ◽  
NK Sana ◽  
F Nikkon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Cold Storage ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Sugar Accumulation ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Total Soluble Sugar

Significant differences were found in sugar content and carbohydrate splitting enzyme activities in tubers of ten indigenous potato varieties at harvesting and after keeping at cold storage. The activities of invertase, amylase, β-galactosidase and cellulase in all varieties were found to be increased by 2-12, 1.2-4, 1.9-4.5, and 1.1-3.7 folds, respectively from harvesting to cold stored potatoes. The amount of starch and sucrose were found to be decreased by 1.15-2.8 and 1.02-1.4 folds, respectively from harvesting to cold stored in all varieties. Total soluble sugar and reducing sugar contents in potatoes were increased by 1.02-1.4 and 4-11 folds, respectively from harvesting to cold stored in all varieties of potatoes. The amount of reducing sugar increased in cold stored potatoes due to the increased activities of carbohydrate splitting enzymes. Key words: Potatoes, Indigenous, Carbohydrate splitting enzymes, Sugars. DOI:10.3329/jbs.v16i0.3748 J. bio-sci. 16: 95-99, 2008

scholarly journals Changes in Soluble Sugar Accumulation and Activities of Sucrose-Metabolizing Enzymes during Fruit Ripening of Jackfruit

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
Ying-zhi Li ◽  
Xiao-qiang Duan ◽  
Sheng-hui Liu ◽  
Ying Li ◽  
Xing-hai Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Sugar Metabolism ◽  
Sugar Accumulation ◽  
Tropical Region ◽  
Sucrose Synthesis ◽  
Sucrose Hydrolysis ◽  
Total Soluble Sugar ◽  
Changing Patterns ◽  
Ripe Stage

Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) is an important food crop widely grown in the tropical region. However, little is known about sugar metabolism during fruit ripening of jackfruit. Here we examined sugar profiles (sucrose, glucose and fructose) and corresponding enzyme activities (SPS, E.C.2.4.1.14; SuSy, EC 2.4.1.13; IV, EC 3.2.1.26) of four soft type and four firm type varieties of jackfruit during four stages of fruit ripening. We found that during fruit ripening, there was a rapid increase in contents of total soluble sugar and sucrose, whereas increases in glucose and fructose contents were much slower. Ratios of glucose versus fructose varied among different varieties and ripening stages but within the range of 0.9 to 1.2 in the ripe fruits. Five of these varieties exhibited markedly high levels of SuSy activity for sucrose synthesis at early ripening stage, and then decreased towards fully ripe stage. All soft type varieties exhibited a conspicuous peak of AIV activity and had overall higher AIV activities than NIV during ripening. The changing patterns for other enzymes varied among varieties. Our studies support the notion that sucrose was the major sugar species contributing to the fruit sweetness, followed by fructose and glucose. We also demonstrated that AIV and NIV were probably the primary enzymes responsible for sucrose hydrolysis during ripening, while SPS and SuSy were responsible for sucrose synthesis. We propose that during fruit ripening of jackfruit, glucose is released from starch hydrolysis, followed by sucrose hydrolysis leading to increase in both glucose and fructose contents.

scholarly journals Elevated CO2 Alleviates the Effects of Drought on Wheat - Aphid Interaction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haicui Xie ◽  
Fengyu Shi ◽  
Jingshi Li ◽  
miaomai Yu ◽  
Jia Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Sugar Accumulation ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Effects Of Drought ◽  
Insect Interactions ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Aphid Populations

Abstract Due to rising concentration of atmospheric CO2, climate change is predicted to intensify episodes of drought, however, our understanding of how combined environmental conditions will influence crop-insect interactions is limited. The direct effects of elevated CO2 and drought stress on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) nutritional quality, insect resistance and their indirect effects on the grain aphid (Sitobion avenae) performance are reported here. Elevated CO2 was able to alleviate low water content in wheat caused by drought stress. Both elevated CO2 and drought promoted soluble sugar accumulation in wheat. However, elevated CO2 decreased and drought increased the amino acid content in wheat. Elevated CO2 induced the down-regulation of jasmonic acid (JA) -dependent defense, but up-regulated the salicylic acid-dependent defense. Drought enhanced abscisic acid accumulation that promoted the JA-dependent defense in wheat. Aphid-induced phytohormone resistance in wheat was not influenced by elevated CO2 and drought. The negative effects of drought on the performance of the aphid population was offset by positive effect of elevated CO2. In conclusion, elevated CO2 can alleviate the effects of drought stress on wheat nutritional quality and resistance, which results in unchanged damage to wheat from aphid populations under future elevated CO2 and drier conditions.

scholarly journals Chitosan Augments Tetramycin against Soft Rot in Kiwifruit and Enhances Its Improvement for Kiwifruit Growth, Quality and Aroma

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1257
Author(s):  
Qiuping Wang ◽  
Cheng Zhang ◽  
Xiaomao Wu ◽  
Youhua Long ◽  
Yue Su
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soft Rot ◽  
Control Efficacy ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Soluble Solid ◽  
Growth Quality ◽  
Time Dilution

In this study, the co–application of chitosan and tetramycin against kiwifruit soft rot and its effects on the disease resistance, growth, quality and aroma of kiwifruit were investigated. The results show that chitosan could effectively enhance tetramycin against soft rot of kiwifruit with the field control efficacy of 85.33% for spraying chitosan 100 time + 0.3% tetramycin AS 5000–time dilution liquid, which was higher than 80.99% for 0.3% tetramycin AS 5000–time dilution liquid and significantly (p < 0.01) higher than 40.66% for chitosan 100–time dilution liquid. Chitosan could significantly (p < 0.05) improve the promoting effects of tetramycin on total phenolics, total flavonoids, SOD activity of kiwifruit compared to tetramycin during storage for 0–28 days and enhance the disease resistance of kiwifruit. Moreover, the co–application of chitosan and tetramycin was more effective than tetramycin or chitosan alone in enhancing fruit growth, improving fruit quality and increasing fruit aroma. This study highlights that chitosan can be used as an adjuvant to enhance tetramycin against soft rot of kiwifruit and promote tetramycin’s improvement for the single fruit volume and weight, vitamin C, soluble sugar, soluble solid, dry matter, soluble protein, titratable acidity and aroma of kiwifruit.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Soluble Sugar Accumulation in Commercially Grown Fragaria chiloensis

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 1647-1648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Nishizawa ◽  
Sayuri Nagasawa ◽  
Yuko Mori ◽  
Yuko Kondo ◽  
Yuka Sasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Sugar Accumulation ◽  
Fragaria Chiloensis

Soluble Sugar Accumulation Can Influence Seed Size via AN3–YDA Gene Cascade

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (20) ◽  
pp. 4121-4132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lai-Sheng Meng ◽  
Meng-Ke Xu ◽  
Dan Li ◽  
Ming-Ming Zhou ◽  
Ji-Hong Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Seed Size ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Sugar Accumulation
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