Species-specific response of the soil collembolan gut microbiome and resistome to soil oxytetracycline pollution

Natural biostimulants obtained by plants are intensively used nowadays to improve crop yield and quality. The current study aimed to evaluate the effects of leaf extract of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) (MLE) in modifying baby leaf characteristics of two genotypes of Brassica. The trial was started in October 2020 in a greenhouse; a cultivar of kale ‘Cavolo Laciniato Nero di Toscana’ (CL) and a Sicilian landrace of sprouting broccoli ‘Broccoli Nero’ (BN) were used. The plants, after 15, 30 and 40 days from sowing, were treated with MLE, while the control plants (C) with distilled water. Treatment with MLE modified morphological and nutritional value, but with different behavior in the two genotypes. In fact, in BN the treatment reduced the antioxidant activity (2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)) by 54%, while in CL the treatment increased this parameter by 40%. For the phenolic concentration and the sugar content the values recorded were significantly increased by MLE compared to control plants in CL, where in BN a significant reduction was registered. The CL plants treated with MLE showed a significant reduction (−70%) in nitrate content compared to the control plants; a negative effect was, instead, observed in BN, where the plants treated with moringa showed an increase of 60%. Results of this study showed how the foliar application of MLE was effective in improving various nutraceutical parameters, in particular in kale, because it appears to be a species-specific response.

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Inhibition of Primary Photosynthesis in Desiccating Antarctic Lichens Differing in Their Photobionts, Thallus Morphology, and Spectral Properties

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms9040818 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 818

Author(s):

Miloš Barták ◽

Josef Hájek ◽

Alla Orekhova ◽

Johana Villagra ◽

Catalina Marín ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Spectral Reflectance ◽

Quantum Yields ◽

Specific Response ◽

Variable Fluorescence ◽

Protective Mechanisms ◽

Quenching Analysis ◽

Relative Water ◽

Species Specific ◽

Kinetics Of ◽

Reflectance Data

Five macrolichens of different thallus morphology from Antarctica (King George Island) were used for this ecophysiological study. The effect of thallus desiccation on primary photosynthetic processes was examined. We investigated the lichens’ responses to the relative water content (RWC) in their thalli during the transition from a wet (RWC of 100%) to a dry state (RWC of 0%). The slow Kautsky kinetics of chlorophyll fluorescence (ChlF) that was recorded during controlled dehydration (RWC decreased from 100 to 0%) and supplemented with a quenching analysis revealed a polyphasic species-specific response of variable fluorescence. The changes in ChlF at a steady state (Fs), potential and effective quantum yields of photosystem II (FV/FM, ΦPSII), and nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ) reflected a desiccation-induced inhibition of the photosynthetic processes. The dehydration-dependent fall in FV/FM and ΦPSII was species-specific, starting at an RWC range of 22–32%. The critical RWC for ΦPSII was below 5%. The changes indicated the involvement of protective mechanisms in the chloroplastic apparatus of lichen photobionts at RWCs of below 20%. In both the wet and dry states, the spectral reflectance curves (SRC) (wavelength 400–800 nm) and indices (NDVI, PRI) of the studied lichen species were measured. Black Himantormia lugubris showed no difference in the SRCs between wet and dry state. Other lichens showed a higher reflectance in the dry state compared to the wet state. The lichen morphology and anatomy data, together with the ChlF and spectral reflectance data, are discussed in relation to its potential for ecophysiological studies in Antarctic lichens.

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SPECIES‐SPECIFIC RESPONSE IN ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE ACTIVITY OF FRESHWATER PHYTOPLANKTON IN A NUTRIENT ENRICHMENT EXPERIMENT

Journal of Phycology ◽

10.1046/j.1529-8817.1999.00001-170.x ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 36 (s3) ◽

pp. 57-57

Author(s):

K. Rengefors ◽

C. Haupert ◽

K.C. Ruttenberg ◽

C. Taylor ◽

B. L. Howes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alkaline Phosphatase ◽

Phosphatase Activity ◽

Alkaline Phosphatase Activity ◽

Nutrient Enrichment ◽

Specific Response ◽

Freshwater Phytoplankton ◽

Species Specific

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Resilience of cold-water coral holobionts to thermal stress

Proceedings of The Royal Society B Biological Sciences ◽

10.1098/rspb.2021.2117 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 288 (1965) ◽

Author(s):

Leila Chapron ◽

Pierre E. Galand ◽

Audrey M. Pruski ◽

Erwan Peru ◽

Gilles Vétion ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Global Warming ◽

Cold Water ◽

Physiological Activity ◽

Seawater Temperature ◽

Extreme Temperature ◽

Specific Response ◽

Lophelia Pertusa ◽

Thermal Limit ◽

Species Specific ◽

Response To Temperature

Cold-water corals are threatened by global warming, especially in the Mediterranean Sea where they live close to their upper known thermal limit (i.e. 13°C), yet their response to rising temperatures is not well known. Here, temperature effects on Lophelia pertusa and Madrepora oculata holobionts (i.e. the host and its associated microbiome) were investigated. We found that at warmer seawater temperature (+2°C), L. pertusa showed a modification of its microbiome prior to a change in behaviour, leading to lower energy reserves and skeletal growth, whereas M. oculata was more resilient. At extreme temperature (+4°C), both species quickly lost their specific bacterial signature followed by lower physiological activity prior to death. In addition, our results showing the holobionts' negative response to colder temperatures (−3°C), suggest that Mediterranean corals live close to their thermal optimum. The species-specific response to temperature change highlights that global warming may affect dramatically the main deep-sea reef-builders, which would alter the associated biodiversity and related ecosystem services.

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Quantification of Cholesterol and Cholesteryl Ester by Direct Flow Injection High-Resolution Fourier Transform Mass Spectrometry Utilizing Species-Specific Response Factors

Analytical Chemistry ◽

10.1021/acs.analchem.8b05013 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 91 (5) ◽

pp. 3459-3466 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Marcus Höring ◽

Christer S. Ejsing ◽

Martin Hermansson ◽

Gerhard Liebisch

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Fourier Transform ◽

High Resolution ◽

Cholesteryl Ester ◽

Flow Injection ◽

Fourier Transform Mass Spectrometry ◽

Specific Response ◽

Direct Flow ◽

Response Factors ◽

Species Specific

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Investigating host-bacterial interactions among enteric pathogens

BMC Genomics ◽

10.1186/s12864-019-6398-2 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Tungadri Bose ◽

K. V. Venkatesh ◽

Sharmila S. Mande

Keyword(s):

Gut Microbiome ◽

Therapeutic Strategies ◽

Enteric Pathogens ◽

World Health ◽

Core Set ◽

Pathogen Protein ◽

Health Organization ◽

Species Specific ◽

Novel Therapeutic Strategies ◽

Gut Pathogens

Abstract Background In 2017, World Health Organization (WHO) published a catalogue of 12 families of antibiotic-resistant “priority pathogens” that are posing the greatest threats to human health. Six of these dreaded pathogens are known to infect the human gastrointestinal system. In addition to causing gastrointestinal and systemic infections, these pathogens can also affect the composition of other microbes constituting the healthy gut microbiome. Such aberrations in gut microbiome can significantly affect human physiology and immunity. Identifying the virulence mechanisms of these enteric pathogens are likely to help in developing newer therapeutic strategies to counter them. Results Using our previously published in silico approach, we have evaluated (and compared) Host-Pathogen Protein-Protein Interaction (HPI) profiles of four groups of enteric pathogens, namely, different species of Escherichia, Shigella, Salmonella and Vibrio. Results indicate that in spite of genus/ species specific variations, most enteric pathogens possess a common repertoire of HPIs. This core set of HPIs are probably responsible for the survival of these pathogen in the harsh nutrient-limiting environment within the gut. Certain genus/ species specific HPIs were also observed. Conslusions The identified bacterial proteins involved in the core set of HPIs are expected to be helpful in understanding the pathogenesis of these dreaded gut pathogens in greater detail. Possible role of genus/ species specific variations in the HPI profiles in the virulence of these pathogens are also discussed. The obtained results are likely to provide an opportunity for development of novel therapeutic strategies against the most dreaded gut pathogens.

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