Patterns of plant communities along vertical gradient in Dhauladhar Mountains in Lesser Himalayas in North-Western India

2020 ◽  
Vol 716 ◽  
pp. 136919
Author(s):  
Mustaqeem Ahmad ◽  
Sanjay K. Uniyal ◽  
Daizy R. Batish ◽  
Harminder P. Singh ◽  
Vikrant Jaryan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Vertical Gradient ◽  
Western India ◽  
Lesser Himalayas ◽  
North Western

scholarly journals On the existence of a perennial river in the Harappan heartland

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anirban Chatterjee ◽  
Jyotiranjan S. Ray ◽  
Anil D. Shukla ◽  
Kanchan Pande
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Temporal Changes ◽  
Sediment Provenance ◽  
Western India ◽  
Isotopic Ratios ◽  
Harappan Civilization ◽  
Lesser Himalayas ◽  
North Western ◽  
The Bronze Age

AbstractThe legendary river Saraswati of Indian mythology has often been hypothesized to be an ancient perennial channel of the seasonal river Ghaggar that flowed through the heartland of the Bronze Age Harappan civilization in north-western India. Despite the discovery of abundant settlements along a major paleo-channel of the Ghaggar, many believed that the Harappans depended solely on monsoonal rains, because no proof existed for the river’s uninterrupted flow during the zenith of the civilization. Here, we present unequivocal evidence for the Ghaggar’s perennial past by studying temporal changes of sediment provenance along a 300 km stretch of the river basin. This is achieved using 40Ar/39Ar ages of detrital muscovite and Sr-Nd isotopic ratios of siliciclastic sediment in fluvial sequences, dated by radiocarbon and luminescence methods. We establish that during 80-20 ka and 9-4.5 ka the river was perennial and was receiving sediments from the Higher and Lesser Himalayas. The latter phase can be attributed to the reactivation of the river by the distributaries of the Sutlej. This revived perennial condition of the Ghaggar, which can be correlated with the Saraswati, likely facilitated development of the early Harappan settlements along its banks. The timing of the eventual decline of the river, which led to the collapse of the civilization, approximately coincides with the commencement of the Meghalayan Stage.

Gastrointestinal Protective Effect of Zizyphus xylopyrus (Retz) Willd Leaf Extract Against Indomethacin and HCl-EtOH Induced Ulcers

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-146
Author(s):  
Shweta Jain ◽  
Sourabh Jain ◽  
Nagendra S. Chauhan ◽  
Ankur Vaidya
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Gastric Epithelium ◽  
Gastric Ulcers ◽  
Western India ◽  
Skin Infections ◽  
Ulcer Index ◽  
Digestive Disorders ◽  
North Western

Background: Zizyphus xylopyrus (Retz.) Willd. (Rhamnaceae) is a straggling shrub or a small tree, armed with spines, found throughout north western India, Pakistan and China. Methods: The aerial and root barks, leaves and fruits of Zizyphus species are used in medicine for the treatment of various diseases such as weakness, liver complaints, obesity, diabetes, skin infections, fever, diarrhea, insomnia and digestive disorders. Ethanolic extract of leaves of Zizyphus xylopyrus (Retz) Willd was prepared by solvent extraction and subjected to study the protective effect against Indomethacin and HCl-EtOH induced ulcer using Ranitidine (100 mg/kg) and Omeprazole (8 mg/kg) as standard respectively. Results: Histopathological lesions with marked disorientation of the gastric epithelium was observed in negative control, while extract treated rats showed a better protected mucosa with intact epithelium in comparison to standard treated rats. Ulcer index and percentage ulcer protection also represent protecting effects of the extract. Conclusion: Ethanolic extract of Z. xylopyrus (Retz) Willd leaves extract was found to be significantly protective against gastric ulcers.

Studies on the origin, evolution, and distribution of the Gramineae. III. The tribes of the subfamily Eragrostoideae

1960 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 256 ◽  
Author(s):  
W Hartley ◽  
C Slater
Keyword(s):  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Western India ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Winter Temperatures ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Hot Arid Climate ◽  
South West Africa ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
World Distribution ◽  
North Western

In further studies of grass distribution, maps are presented showing the world distribution of the Eragrosteae (sensu str.) and of the subfamily Eragrostoideae within which it is included. Both taxa show centres of high relative specific differentiation in inland Australia and in South West Africa, but in addition, the subfamily has centres of differentiation in the Sahara rekion, northern Mexico, and north-western India. The centres of differentiation are all in regions of hot, arid climate near the tropics of Cancer and Capricorn. The close relationship between climate and distribution is most apparent in the case of the subfamily Eragrostoideae, species of which are relatively abundant in the grass flora of all arid regions with high winter temperatures and summer or non-seasonal rainfall incidence. The distributions of most of the other tribes and subtribes which have been included in the Eragrostoideae show a similar relationship to climate. Some apparent exceptions to this are discussed, and it is shown that the geographical evidence supports conclusions from recent cytotaxonomic and anatomical studies that the taxa concerned should be removed from the subfamily. The very wide distribution of the subfamily and of its constituent taxa, as well as the close relationship between the distribution pattern and climate, suggests that the subfamily is a very old one. Geographical and taxonomic evidence indicates that it may have originated in tropical or subtropical Africa at least as early as the Oligocene.

Assessment of aerosols optical properties and radiative forcing over an Urban site in North-Western India

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 1232-1244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikram Mor ◽  
Rajesh Dhankhar ◽  
S. D. Attri ◽  
V. K. Soni ◽  
M. Sateesh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Radiative Forcing ◽  
Urban Site ◽  
Western India ◽  
North Western

scholarly journals Revised distribution and phytosociological data of Orobanche coerulescens Stephan in Willd. (Orobanchaceae): Poland in relation to Central Europe

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Piwowarczyk
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Range Limits ◽  
Migration Routes ◽  
Original Field ◽  
Critical Revision ◽  
And Migration ◽  
North Western

Abstract Orobanche coerulescens has a Eurasian distribution. The species is classified as extinct at most of its localities at the western limit of its range. Its populations are very scarce and critically endangered in Central Europe. This work presents the current distribution of O.coerulescens in Poland, based on a critical revision of herbarium and literature data as well as results of original field research, and reviews its distribution in Central Europe (partly in Eastern Europe). Habitats, plant communities, and migration routes of O.coerulescens in Central Europe are discussed. The species was initially known in Poland from now historical localities in Pomerania and the valley of the lower Vistula. In 2000-2011 it was recorded at 9 localities in Podlasie, the Małopolska Upland (Wyżyna Małopolska), and the Łódź Hills (Wzniesienia Łódzkie). Its abundance at the localities ranged from a few to over 1000 shoots. These are the largest populations of O.coerulescens at its western and north-western range limits.

Chronological Variation in Chemical Composition of Urinary Calculi Between 1965–68 and 1982–86 in North-Western India

Urolithiasis ◽  
1989 ◽  
pp. 673-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. Thind ◽  
H. Sidhu ◽  
R. Nath ◽  
G. C. Malakandaiah ◽  
S. Vaidyanathan
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Urinary Calculi ◽  
Western India ◽  
North Western

scholarly journals Art. XIII.—Note on the Réh Efflorescence of North-Western India, and on the Waters of some of the Rivers and Canals

1863 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 326-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry B. Medlicott
Keyword(s):  
Western India ◽  
Asiatic Society ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Dead ◽  
North Western

The following notes, very nearly as they stand, were forwarded in July, 1861, by post to the late Colonel Baird Smith, for communication to the Eoyal Asiatic Society. The address got defaced in the mail-bags; and the parcel, after lying for several months in the Dead Letter Office, found its way back to Eoorkee. My observations have thus forfeited the advantage of correction and criticism from one so experienced in the subject to which they relate. Meanwhile, I have had some hurried opportunities of seeing and hearing more, and can thus make some alterations and additions.— H. B. M.

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