scholarly journals Architectural features and indoor evacuation wayfinding: The starting point matters

2022 ◽  
Vol 145 ◽  
pp. 105483
Author(s):  
Asya Natapov ◽  
Avi Parush ◽  
Leslie Laufer ◽  
Dafna Fisher-Gewirtzman
Keyword(s):  
Architectural Features ◽  
Starting Point

scholarly journals Network architecture of the cerebral nuclei (basal ganglia) association and commissural connectome

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (40) ◽  
pp. E5972-E5981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larry W. Swanson ◽  
Olaf Sporns ◽  
Joel D. Hahn
Keyword(s):  
Network Architecture ◽  
Cerebral Hemisphere ◽  
Neural Systems ◽  
Rich Club ◽  
Axonal Connections ◽  
Architectural Features ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Continuous Band ◽  
Path Lengths ◽  
Commissural Connections

The cerebral nuclei form the ventral division of the cerebral hemisphere and are thought to play an important role in neural systems controlling somatic movement and motivation. Network analysis was used to define global architectural features of intrinsic cerebral nuclei circuitry in one hemisphere (association connections) and between hemispheres (commissural connections). The analysis was based on more than 4,000 reports of histologically defined axonal connections involving all 45 gray matter regions of the rat cerebral nuclei and revealed the existence of four asymmetrically interconnected modules. The modules form four topographically distinct longitudinal columns that only partly correspond to previous interpretations of cerebral nuclei structure–function organization. The network of connections within and between modules in one hemisphere or the other is quite dense (about 40% of all possible connections), whereas the network of connections between hemispheres is weak and sparse (only about 5% of all possible connections). Particularly highly interconnected regions (rich club and hubs within it) form a topologically continuous band extending through two of the modules. Connection path lengths among numerous pairs of regions, and among some of the network’s modules, are relatively long, thus accounting for low global efficiency in network communication. These results provide a starting point for reexamining the connectional organization of the cerebral hemispheres as a whole (right and left cerebral cortex and cerebral nuclei together) and their relation to the rest of the nervous system.

AMS Radiocarbon Dates from Prehispanic Fortifications in the Huaura Valley, Central Coast of Perú

Radiocarbon ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 55 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Margaret Brown Vega ◽  
Nathan M Craig ◽  
Brendan J Culleton ◽  
Douglas J Kennett ◽  
Gerbert Asencios Lindo
Keyword(s):  
Organic Material ◽  
Temporal Change ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Architectural Style ◽  
Central Coast ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Architectural Features ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Huaura Valley

In this paper, we report 11 AMS radiocarbon dates from 8 Prehispanic fortifications located in the Huaura Valley, central coast of Perú. Small fragments of organic material embedded in preserved mud mortar in architecture, and samples from construction layers exposed by looter's holes were used to date architectural features without undertaking extensive excavations. These dates contribute toward refining the chronology of fort building in the valley, and provide a test for assumptions about temporal change and architectural style. The results indicate that fortifications date to at least 3 periods. These data provide a starting point for exploring the occurrence of warfare through time on a regional scale.

scholarly journals Architecture of the cerebral cortical association connectome underlying cognition

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (16) ◽  
pp. E2093-E2101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihail Bota ◽  
Olaf Sporns ◽  
Larry W. Swanson
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Axonal Connections ◽  
Architectural Features ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Temporal Pole ◽  
Voluntary Behavior ◽  
Cortical Regions

Cognition presumably emerges from neural activity in the network of association connections between cortical regions that is modulated by inputs from sensory and state systems and directs voluntary behavior by outputs to the motor system. To reveal global architectural features of the cortical association connectome, network analysis was performed on >16,000 reports of histologically defined axonal connections between cortical regions in rat. The network analysis reveals an organization into four asymmetrically interconnected modules involving the entire cortex in a topographic and topologic core–shell arrangement. There is also a topographically continuous U-shaped band of cortical areas that are highly connected with each other as well as with the rest of the cortex extending through all four modules, with the temporal pole of this band (entorhinal area) having the most cortical association connections of all. These results provide a starting point for compiling a mammalian nervous system connectome that could ultimately reveal novel correlations between genome-wide association studies and connectome-wide association studies, leading to new insights into the cellular architecture supporting cognition.

scholarly journals Recording and Reconstructing the Sacred Landscapes of Sicilian Naxos

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 416-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jari Pakkanen ◽  
Maria Costanza Lentini ◽  
Apostolos Sarris ◽  
Esko Tikkala ◽  
Meropi Manataki
Keyword(s):  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Line Drawing ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Sacred Landscape ◽  
Sacred Landscapes ◽  
Architectural Features ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
The City

AbstractIn recent years, an on-going project investigating the urban landscape of Naxos has surveyed and produced several new digital reconstructions of the settlement’s simple non-peripteral temples, most with highly decorative roofs. Three Archaic sacred buildings of Sicilian Naxos are used to demonstrate different approaches to recording the remains and reconstructing their architectural features. This work reflects changes in digital strategies over the past ten years. Tempietto H is a small shrine located outside the city’s boundaries and the site is currently inaccessible, so its reconstruction is based on excavation documentation and roof terracottas. The visible half of Tempietto C was documented using three-dimensional line-drawing with total stations and photogrammetry; the back-filled south-western part was surveyed with ground penetrating radar. Temple B is the largest sacred structure in Naxos. A geophysical survey gives new data on the eastern extent of the sanctuary. The area has been recorded with handheld and aerial photography to create a three-dimensional model of the sanctuary. A new orthogonal grid of the city was established circa 470 BCE and a rectangular base was placed in the south-east corner of every crossroad. These bases were the starting point for the plan, and their interpretation as altars converts the entire urban plan into a sacred landscape.

scholarly journals From House Structure to Gender Relations: Exploring the Na (Mosuo) of Yunnan Province, China

1970 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 19-40
Author(s):  
Wu Yunchuan ◽  
Gunnar Haaland
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Gender Relations ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Yunnan Province ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Architectural Features ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
House Structure ◽  
Gender Interactions ◽  
Fundamental Values

Architectural features of houses are frequently loaded with meanings expressing fundamental values embedded in social relations. The symbolism of such features is a convenient starting point for exploring the organization of social life. Among the Na of Yunnan province house symbolism raises a range of questions relating to the character of gender relations and the universality of marriage. The qualitative cultural factors structuring gender interactions are analyzed by drawing on perspectives from role analysis. Finally the quantitative behavioral consequences of these interactions are documented. Key words: Na (Mosuo); China; matrilineality; gender relations; house symbolism. DOI: 10.3126/dsaj.v3i0.2780 Dhaulagiri Journal of Sociology and Anthropology Vol.3 2009 19-40

scholarly journals gpuPOM: a GPU-based Princeton Ocean Model

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 7651-7691 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Xu ◽  
X. Huang ◽  
Y. Zhang ◽  
H. Fu ◽  
L.-Y. Oey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Models ◽  
Graphics Processing Unit ◽  
Ocean Model ◽  
Processing Unit ◽  
Princeton Ocean Model ◽  
Multiple Gpus ◽  
Central Processing ◽  
Architectural Features ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Graphics Processing

Abstract. Rapid advances in the performance of the graphics processing unit (GPU) have made the GPU a compelling solution for a series of scientific applications. However, most existing GPU acceleration works for climate models are doing partial code porting for certain hot spots, and can only achieve limited speedup for the entire model. In this work, we take the mpiPOM (a parallel version of the Princeton Ocean Model) as our starting point, design and implement a GPU-based Princeton Ocean Model. By carefully considering the architectural features of the state-of-the-art GPU devices, we rewrite the full mpiPOM model from the original Fortran version into a new Compute Unified Device Architecture C (CUDA-C) version. We take several accelerating methods to further improve the performance of gpuPOM, including optimizing memory access in a single GPU, overlapping communication and boundary operations among multiple GPUs, and overlapping input/output (I/O) between the hybrid Central Processing Unit (CPU) and the GPU. Our experimental results indicate that the performance of the gpuPOM on a workstation containing 4 GPUs is comparable to a powerful cluster with 408 CPU cores and it reduces the energy consumption by 6.8 times.

AMS Radiocarbon Dates from Prehispanic Fortifications in the Huaura Valley, Central Coast of Perú

Radiocarbon ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Brown Vega ◽  
Nathan M Craig ◽  
Brendan J Culleton ◽  
Douglas J Kennett ◽  
Gerbert Asencios Lindo
Keyword(s):  
Organic Material ◽  
Temporal Change ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Architectural Style ◽  
Central Coast ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Architectural Features ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Huaura Valley

In this paper, we report 11 AMS radiocarbon dates from 8 Prehispanic fortifications located in the Huaura Valley, central coast of Perú. Small fragments of organic material embedded in preserved mud mortar in architecture, and samples from construction layers exposed by looter's holes were used to date architectural features without undertaking extensive excavations. These dates contribute toward refining the chronology of fort building in the valley, and provide a test for assumptions about temporal change and architectural style. The results indicate that fortifications date to at least 3 periods. These data provide a starting point for exploring the occurrence of warfare through time on a regional scale.

Crystal structure images of large gold clusters and growing crystals by HRTEM

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 428-429
Author(s):  
L.R. Wallenberg ◽  
J.-O. Bovin ◽  
G. Schmid
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Nucleation And Growth ◽  
Close Packing ◽  
Gold Clusters ◽  
Molecular Weight Determination ◽  
Growth Mechanisms ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Nucleation And Growth Mechanisms ◽  
Points Of View

Metallic clusters are interesting from various points of view, e.g. as a mean of spreading expensive catalysts on a support, or following heterogeneous and homogeneous catalytic events. It is also possible to study nucleation and growth mechanisms for crystals with the cluster as known starting point.Gold-clusters containing 55 atoms were manufactured by reducing (C6H5)3PAuCl with B2H6 in benzene. The chemical composition was found to be Au9.2[P(C6H5)3]2Cl. Molecular-weight determination by means of an ultracentrifuge gave the formula Au55[P(C6H5)3]Cl6 A model was proposed from Mössbauer spectra by Schmid et al. with cubic close-packing of the 55 gold atoms in a cubeoctahedron as shown in Fig 1. The cluster is almost completely isolated from the surroundings by the twelve triphenylphosphane groups situated in each corner, and the chlorine atoms on the centre of the 3x3 square surfaces. This gives four groups of gold atoms, depending on the different types of surrounding.

Two isoprenylated flavonoids from Dorstenia psilurus activate AMPK, stimulate glucose uptake, inhibit glucose production and lower glycemia

2019 ◽  
Vol 476 (24) ◽  
pp. 3687-3704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aphrodite T. Choumessi ◽  
Manuel Johanns ◽  
Claire Beaufay ◽  
Marie-France Herent ◽  
Vincent Stroobant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Glucose Production ◽  
Liver Mitochondria ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Structural Isomer ◽  
Rat Liver Mitochondria ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Ampk Activation ◽  
Starting Point

Root extracts of a Cameroon medicinal plant, Dorstenia psilurus, were purified by screening for AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation in incubated mouse embryo fibroblasts (MEFs). Two isoprenylated flavones that activated AMPK were isolated. Compound 1 was identified as artelasticin by high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and 2D-NMR while its structural isomer, compound 2, was isolated for the first time and differed only by the position of one double bond on one isoprenyl substituent. Treatment of MEFs with purified compound 1 or compound 2 led to rapid and robust AMPK activation at low micromolar concentrations and increased the intracellular AMP:ATP ratio. In oxygen consumption experiments on isolated rat liver mitochondria, compound 1 and compound 2 inhibited complex II of the electron transport chain and in freeze–thawed mitochondria succinate dehydrogenase was inhibited. In incubated rat skeletal muscles, both compounds activated AMPK and stimulated glucose uptake. Moreover, these effects were lost in muscles pre-incubated with AMPK inhibitor SBI-0206965, suggesting AMPK dependency. Incubation of mouse hepatocytes with compound 1 or compound 2 led to AMPK activation, but glucose production was decreased in hepatocytes from both wild-type and AMPKβ1−/− mice, suggesting that this effect was not AMPK-dependent. However, when administered intraperitoneally to high-fat diet-induced insulin-resistant mice, compound 1 and compound 2 had blood glucose-lowering effects. In addition, compound 1 and compound 2 reduced the viability of several human cancer cells in culture. The flavonoids we have identified could be a starting point for the development of new drugs to treat type 2 diabetes.

Overview of Current Approaches to Aural Rehabilitation for Adults With Cochlear Implants

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1175-1187
Author(s):  
Rachel Glade ◽  
Erin Taylor ◽  
Deborah S. Culbertson ◽  
Christin Ray
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Practice Patterns ◽  
The United States ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Aural Rehabilitation ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Clinical Models ◽  
Hearing Health

Purpose This clinical focus article provides an overview of clinical models currently being used for the provision of comprehensive aural rehabilitation (AR) for adults with cochlear implants (CIs) in the Unites States. Method Clinical AR models utilized by hearing health care providers from nine clinics across the United States were discussed with regard to interprofessional AR practice patterns in the adult CI population. The clinical models were presented in the context of existing knowledge and gaps in the literature. Future directions were proposed for optimizing the provision of AR for the adult CI patient population. Findings/Conclusions There is a general agreement that AR is an integral part of hearing health care for adults with CIs. While the provision of AR is feasible in different clinical practice settings, service delivery models are variable across hearing health care professionals and settings. AR may include interprofessional collaboration among surgeons, audiologists, and speech-language pathologists with varying roles based on the characteristics of a particular setting. Despite various existing barriers, the clinical practice patterns identified here provide a starting point toward a more standard approach to comprehensive AR for adults with CIs.

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